Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Preface
- Introduction
- PART I PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
- PART II INFERTILITY EVALUATION AND TREATMENT
- PART III ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
- 38 Medical Strategies to Improve ART Outcome: Current Evidence
- 39 Surgical Preparation of the Patient for In Vitro Fertilization
- 40 IVF in the Medically Complicated Patient
- 41 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and IVF
- 42 Endometriosis and Assisted Reproductive Technology
- 43 Evidence-Based Medicine Comparing hMG/FSH and Agonist/Antagonist and rec/Urinary hCG/LH/GnRH to Trigger Ovulation
- 44 Luteal Phase Support in Assisted Reproduction
- 45 Thrombophilia and Implanation Failure
- 46 Intrauterine Insemination
- 47 The Prediction and Management of Poor Responders in ART
- 48 Oocyte Donation
- 49 In Vitro Maturation of Human Oocytes
- 50 Oocyte and Embryo Freezing
- 51 Cryopreservation of Male Gametes
- 52 The Management of Azoospermia
- 53 Spermatid Injection: Current Status
- 54 Optimizing Embryo Transfer
- 55 Single Embryo Transfer
- 56 Blastocyst Transfer
- 57 Clinical Significance of Embryo Multinucleation
- 58 Quality and Risk Management in the IVF Laboratory
- 59 The Nurse and REI
- 60 Understanding Factors That Influence the Assessment of Outcomes in Assisted Reproductive Technologies
- 61 The Revolution of Assisted Reproductive Technologies: How Traditional Chinese Medicine Impacted Reproductive Outcomes in the Treatment of Infertile Couples
- 62 Complications of Assisted Reproductive Technology
- 63 Ectopic and Heterotopic Pregnancies Following in Vitro Fertilization
- 64 The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Female Reproduction and ART: An Evidence-Based Review
- 65 PGD for Chromosomal Anomalies
- 66 Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Single-Gene Disorders
- 67 Epigenetics and ART
- 68 Congenital Anomalies and Assisted Reproductive Technology
- PART IV ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN FERTILITY AND ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
- Index
- Plate section
- References
55 - Single Embryo Transfer
from PART III - ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 04 August 2010
- Frontmatter
- Contents
- Contributors
- Foreword
- Preface
- Introduction
- PART I PHYSIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
- PART II INFERTILITY EVALUATION AND TREATMENT
- PART III ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
- 38 Medical Strategies to Improve ART Outcome: Current Evidence
- 39 Surgical Preparation of the Patient for In Vitro Fertilization
- 40 IVF in the Medically Complicated Patient
- 41 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and IVF
- 42 Endometriosis and Assisted Reproductive Technology
- 43 Evidence-Based Medicine Comparing hMG/FSH and Agonist/Antagonist and rec/Urinary hCG/LH/GnRH to Trigger Ovulation
- 44 Luteal Phase Support in Assisted Reproduction
- 45 Thrombophilia and Implanation Failure
- 46 Intrauterine Insemination
- 47 The Prediction and Management of Poor Responders in ART
- 48 Oocyte Donation
- 49 In Vitro Maturation of Human Oocytes
- 50 Oocyte and Embryo Freezing
- 51 Cryopreservation of Male Gametes
- 52 The Management of Azoospermia
- 53 Spermatid Injection: Current Status
- 54 Optimizing Embryo Transfer
- 55 Single Embryo Transfer
- 56 Blastocyst Transfer
- 57 Clinical Significance of Embryo Multinucleation
- 58 Quality and Risk Management in the IVF Laboratory
- 59 The Nurse and REI
- 60 Understanding Factors That Influence the Assessment of Outcomes in Assisted Reproductive Technologies
- 61 The Revolution of Assisted Reproductive Technologies: How Traditional Chinese Medicine Impacted Reproductive Outcomes in the Treatment of Infertile Couples
- 62 Complications of Assisted Reproductive Technology
- 63 Ectopic and Heterotopic Pregnancies Following in Vitro Fertilization
- 64 The Impact of Oxidative Stress on Female Reproduction and ART: An Evidence-Based Review
- 65 PGD for Chromosomal Anomalies
- 66 Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis for Single-Gene Disorders
- 67 Epigenetics and ART
- 68 Congenital Anomalies and Assisted Reproductive Technology
- PART IV ETHICAL DILEMMAS IN FERTILITY AND ASSISTED REPRODUCTION
- Index
- Plate section
- References
Summary
INTRODUCTION
It has always been silently accepted that a high proportion of iatrogenic twins and high-order multiple pregnancies (HOMPs) was the price to be paid for a reasonable success rate of a treatment that is physically and emotionally demanding and, in many cases, expensive (Rizk et al. 1989). Even though many twins are delivered healthy and advances in neonatal medicine have decreased mortality and morbidity of premature babies from multiple pregnancies, there remains an important increase in the absolute numbers of (severe) pathologies. Tan et al. also pointed to the possible increase in average costs for multiple pregnancies, deliveries, and neonatal care (Rizk et al. 1991; Tan et al. 1992; Hidlebaugh et al. 1997; Wølner-Hanssen and Rydhstroem 1998; De Sutter et al. 2002; Ericson et al. 2002; Garceau et al. 2002; Ellison and Hall 2003); severe stress experienced by parents of multiples (Ostfeld et al. 2000; Glazebrook et al. 2004); and the lifelong support needed for mildly or severely disabled children.
MP causes several well-documented pathologies, extensively reviewed elsewhere (Dhont et al. 1997, 1999; Pons et al. 1998a,b; Senat et al. 1998; Bergh et al. 1999; Koudstaal et al. 2000a,b; Wennerholm and Bergh 2000, 2004a,b; Rydhstroem and Heraib 2001; Klemetti et al. 2002; Lynch et al. 2002; Strömberg et al. 2002; Wang et al. 2002; Helmerhorst et al. 2004), comprising both maternal and fetal/neonatal risks and complications.
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- Information
- Infertility and Assisted Reproduction , pp. 518 - 530Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2008