Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t8hqh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-28T11:48:21.207Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

9 - Skilled Migrant Careers

from Part II - Different Types of Expatriates and Stakeholders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  12 November 2020

By
Jelena Zikic  and
Viktoriya Voloshyna
Edited by
Jaime Bonache ,
Chris Brewster  and
Fabian Jintae Froese
Jaime Bonache
Affiliation:
Carlos III University of Madrid
Chris Brewster
Affiliation:
University of Reading
Fabian Jintae Froese
Affiliation:
University of Goettingen
Get access

Summary

This chapter explores three dimensions of migrant experience in the host country. First, we focus on the individual level issues and challenges related identity, resilience, motivation to integrate/expectations. Much of the individual level struggles are closely related to human capital translation process (i.e., credential recognition or lack there of) and decisions regarding continuation vs. change of previously established career pathways. Next, we focus on the social aspect of the migrant experience. Social capital and specifically lack of local social capital as one of the more difficult aspects of the migrant experience. We discuss various ways in which migrants can go about seeking and connecting to locals and establishing relationships in the new country (e.g., mentoring, ethnic communities). Finally, the third critical aspect of the migrant experience is related to organizational integration. Organizational experiences vary based on the local culture and also the size and the type of organization. Commonly discussed issues are related to organizational entry and later integration and collaboration with local employees.

Keywords

Skilled migrantsmigrant careerssocietal integrationhuman capitalsocial capitallabour market barriersidentity strugglesresilienceorganizational integrationskilled migrant policiesethnic communities
Type
Chapter
Information
Global Mobility and the Management of Expatriates , pp. 204 - 224
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Almeida, S., Fernando, M., & Sheridan, A. 2012. Revealing the screening: organizational factors influencing the recruitment of immigrant professionals. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(9): 1950–1965.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Almeida, S., Fernando, M., Hannif, Z., & Dharmage, S. C. 2015. Fitting the mould: the role of employer perceptions in immigrant recruitment decision-making. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(22): 2811–2832.Google Scholar
Al Ariss, A. & Syed, J. 2011. Capital mobilization of skilled migrants: a relational perspective. British Journal of Management, 22(2): 286–304.Google Scholar
Al Ariss, A., Koall, I., Özbilgin, M., & Suutari, V. 2012. Careers of skilled migrants: towards a theoretical and methodological expansion. Journal of Management Development, 31(2): 92–101.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banerjee, R., Reitz, J. G., & Oreopoulos, P. 2017. Do Large Employers treat Racial Minorities More Fairly? A new analysis of Canadian field experiment data. Research Report. https://munkschool.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Which-employers-discriminate-Banerjee-Reitz-Oreopoulos-January-2017.pdf.Google Scholar
Bauder, H. and Cameron, E. 2002. Cultural Barriers to Labour Market Integration: Immigrants from South Asia and the Former Yugoslavia. Working Paper Series No. 02–03. Vancouver Center of Excellence. Retrieved from http://mbc.metropolis.net/assets/uploads/files/wp/2002/WP02-03.pdf.Google Scholar
Bell, M. P., Kwesiga, E. N., & Berry, D. P. 2010. Immigrants: the new ‘invisible men and women’ in diversity research. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25(2): 177–188.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhaskar-Shrinivas, P., Harrison, D. A., Shaffer, M. A., & Luk, D. A. 2005. Input-based and time-based models of international adjustment: meta-analytic evidence and theoretical extensions. Academy of Management Journal, 48: 257–281.Google Scholar
Blustein, D. L. 2017. The psychology of working: a new perspective for career development. Career Planning & Adult Development Journal, 33(2): 60–68.Google Scholar
Bonache, J., Brewster, C., & Suutari, V. 2007. Preface: knowledge, international mobility, and careers. International Studies of Management & Organization, 37(3): 3–15.Google Scholar
Bonache, J., Langinier, H., & Zárraga-Oberty, C. 2016. Antecedents and effects of host country nationals negative stereotyping of corporate expatriates. A social identity analysis. Human Resource Management Review, 26(1): 59–68.Google Scholar
Boneva, B. S. & Frieze, I. H. 2001. Toward a concept of a migrant personality. Journal of Social Issues, 57(3): 477–491.Google Scholar
Brass, D. J., Galaskiewicz, J., Greve, H. R., & Tsai, W. 2004. Taking stock of networks and organizations: a multilevel perspective. Academy of Management Journal, 47(6): 795–817.Google Scholar
Bresnahan, M. J., Ohashi, R., Nebashi, R., Liu, W. Y., & Shearman, S. M. 2002. Attitudinal and affective response toward accented English. Language & Communication, 22(2): 171–185.Google Scholar
Burt, R. S. 2004. Structural holes and good ideas. American Journal of Sociology, 110(2): 349–399.Google Scholar
Canache, D., Hayes, M., Mondak, J. J., & Wals, S. C. 2013. Openness, extraversion and the intention to emigrate. Journal of Research in Personality, 47(4): 351–355.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cerdin, J. L., Abdul-Diné, M., & Brewster, C. 2014. Qualified immigrants’ success: exploring the motivation to migrate and to integrate. Journal of International Business Studies, 45(2): 151–168.Google Scholar
Chiswick, B. R. & Miller, P. W. 2012. Negative and positive assimilation, skill transferability, and linguistic distance. Journal of Human Capital, 6(1): 35–55.Google Scholar
Creese, G. & Kambere, E. N. 2003. What colour is your English?. Canadian Review of Sociology/Revue canadienne de sociologie, 40(5): 565–573.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
De Castro, A. B., Gee, G. C., & Takeuchi, D. 2008. Relationship between job dissatisfaction and physical and psychological health among Filipino immigrants. Workplace Health & Safety, 56(1): 33–40.Google Scholar
De Leon Siantz, M. L. 1997. Factors that impact developmental outcomes of immigrant children. Immigration and the family: Research and policy on US immigrants, 149–161.Google Scholar
Derwing, T. 2003. What do ESL students say about their accents? Canadian Modern Language Review, 59(4): 547–567.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derwing, T. M. & Munro, M. J. 2009. Putting accent in its place: rethinking obstacles to communication. Language Teaching, 42(4): 476–490.Google Scholar
DiBenigno, J. & Kellogg, K. C. 2014. Beyond occupational differences: the importance of cross-cutting demographics and dyadic toolkits for collaboration in a US hospital. Administrative Science Quarterly, 59(3): 375–408.Google Scholar
Dietz, J., Joshi, C., Esses, V. M., Hamilton, L. K., & Gabarrot, F. 2015. The skill paradox: explaining and reducing employment discrimination against skilled immigrants. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(10): 1318–1334.Google Scholar
Dugdale, A., Daly, A., Papandrea, F., & Maley, M. 2005. Accessing e-government: challenges for citizens and organizations. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 71(1): 109–118.Google Scholar
El-Assal, K. 2018. Enhancing success. Canada’s Immigrant Entrepreneurs and International Trade. www.conferenceboard.ca/temp/07e32c6a-ef9d-4be9-966e-d39bee2b6426/9692_Enhancing%20Success_RPT.pdf.Google Scholar
Epstein, G. S. 2008. Herd and network effects in migration decision-making. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(4): 567–583.Google Scholar
Esses, V. M., Deaux, K., Lalonde, R., & Brown, R. 2010. Psychological perspectives on immigration. In K. Deaux, V. Esses, R. Lalonde, & R. Brown (Eds.), Immigrants and hosts: perceptions, interactions, and transformations. Journal of Social Issues, 66(4): 635–647.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fang, T., Samnani, A. K., Novicevic, M. M., & Bing, M. N. 2013. Liability-of-foreignness effects on job success of immigrant job seekers. Journal of World Business, 48(1): 98–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frieze, I. H., Hansen, S. B., & Boneva, B. 2006. The migrant personality and college students’ plans for geographic mobility. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 26(2): 170–177.Google Scholar
Guillaume, Y. R., Dawson, J. F., Woods, S. A., Sacramento, C. A., & West, M. A. 2013. Getting diversity at work to work: what we know and what we still don’t know. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 86(2): 123–141.Google Scholar
Habib, M. 2011. Helping immigrant workers fit in. The Globe and Mail. Retrieved April 5, 2019, from www.theglobeandmail.com/report-on-business/careers/career-advice/helping-immigrant-workers-fit-in/article596170/.Google Scholar
Harrison, D. A., Harrison, T., & Shaffer, M. A. 2019. Strangers in strained lands: learning from workplace experiences of immigrant employees. Journal of Management, 45(2): 600–619.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harvey, M., Novicevic, M. M., Buckley, M. R., & Fung, H. 2005. Reducing inpatriate managers’ ‘liability of foreignness’ by addressing stigmatization and stereotype threats. Journal of World Business, 40(3): 267–280.Google Scholar
Haug, S. 2008. Migration networks and migration decision-making. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(4): 585–605.Google Scholar
Heaphy, E. D. & Dutton, J. E. 2008. Positive social interactions and the human body at work: linking organizations and physiology. Academy of Management Review, 33(1): 137–162.Google Scholar
Hersch, J. 2008. Skin color, immigrant wages, and discrimination. In Racism in the 21st Century: 77–90. Springer, New York, NY.Google Scholar
Hobfoll, S. E., Dunahoo, C. L., Ben-Porath, Y., & Monnier, J. 1994. Gender and coping: the dual‐axis model of coping. American Journal of Community Psychology, 22(1): 49–82.Google Scholar
Ibarra, H. 1993. Personal networks of women and minorities in management: a conceptual framework. Academy of Management Review, 18(1): 56–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Janssens, M. & Brett, J. M. 2006. Cultural intelligence in global teams: a fusion model of collaboration. Group & Organization Management, 31(1): 124–153.Google Scholar
Jonsen, K., Maznevski, M. L., & Schneider, S. C. 2011. Special review article: diversity and its not so diverse literature: an international perspective. International Journal of Cross-Cultural Management, 11(1), 35–62.Google Scholar
Lauring, J. & Klitmøller, A. 2017. Inclusive language use in multicultural business organizations: the effect on creativity and performance. International Journal of Business Communication, 54(3): 306–324.Google Scholar
Lindemann, S. 2003. Koreans, Chinese or Indians? Attitudes and ideologies about non‐native English speakers in the United States. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 7(3): 348–364.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lippi-Green, R. 1997. What we talk about when we talk about Ebonics: why definitions matter. The Black Scholar, 27(2): 7–11.Google Scholar
Lubbers, M. J., Molina, J. L., & McCarty, C. 2007. Personal networks and ethnic identifications: the case of migrants in Spain. International Sociology, 22(6): 721–741.Google Scholar
Luo, Y. & Mezias, J. M. 2002. Liabilities of foreignness: concepts, constructs, and consequences. Journal of International Management, 8(3): 217–221.Google Scholar
Mahmud, S., Alam, Q., & Härtel, C. 2014. Mismatches in skills and attributes of immigrants and problems with workplace integration: a study of IT and engineering professionals in Australia. Human Resource Management Journal, 24(3): 339–354.Google Scholar
Malik, A. R., Manroop, L., & Singh, P. (2017). Self-initiated international career transition: a qualitative case study of Pakistani immigrants to Canada. European Business Review, 29(5), 584–602.Google Scholar
Mourtada, R. 2010. Firms that don’t automatically reject foreign education or experience can gain an edge in the race for talent. The Globe & Mail. Retrieved September 7, 2020, from http://triec.ca/broadening-the-talent-poo-2/.Google Scholar
Muhr, S. L. 2008. Othering diversity–a Levinasian analysis of diversity management. International Journal of Management Concepts and Philosophy, 3(2): 176–189.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Neville, F., Orser, B., Riding, A., & Jung, O. 2014. Do young firms owned by recent immigrants outperform other young firms? Journal of Business Venturing, 29(1): 55–71.Google Scholar
Ogbonna, E. & Harris, L. C. 2006. The dynamics of employee relationships in an ethnically diverse workforce. Human Relations, 59(3): 379–407.Google Scholar
Oreopoulos, P. 2011. Why do skilled immigrants struggle in the labor market? A field experiment with thirteen thousand resumes. American Economic Journal: Economic Policy, 3(4): 148–71.Google Scholar
Salaff, J. W., Greve, A., Siu-Lun, W., & Ping, L. X. L. 2003. Ethnic entrepreneurship, social networks, and the enclave. In Approaching Transnationalisms: 61–82. Springer, Boston, MA.Google Scholar
Schweizer, T., Schnegg, M., & Berzborn, S. 1998. Personal networks and social support in a multiethnic community of southern California. Social networks, 20(1): 1–21.Google Scholar
Syed, Y. 2008. Employment prospects for skilled migrants: a relational perspective, Human Resource Management Review, 18: 28–45.Google Scholar
Tartakovsky, E. & Walsh, S. D. 2016. Testing a new theoretical model for attitudes toward immigrants: the case of social workers’ attitudes toward asylum seekers in Israel. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 47(1): 72–96.Google Scholar
Turchick Hakak, L. & Al Ariss, A. 2013. Vulnerable work and international migrants: a relational human resource management perspective. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(22): 4116–4131.Google Scholar
Turchick Hakak, L., Holzinger, I., & Zikic, J. 2010. Barriers and paths to success: Latin American MBAs’ views of employment in Canada. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 25(2): 159–176.Google Scholar
Thomas, D. A. 2004. Diversity as strategy. Harvard business review, 82(9): 98–98.Google Scholar
Vandor, P. & Franke, N., 2016. Why are Immigrants More Entrepreneurial. https://hbr.org/2016/10/why-are-immigrants-more-entrepreneurial.Google Scholar
Voloshyna, V. & Zikic, J. 2018. Do I stay or do I go: understanding career boundary preferences through social ties and the role of trust. Organizing for Resilience, LAEMOS Conference, Buenos-Aires, Argentina.Google Scholar
Walker, M., Wasserman, S., & Wellman, B. 1994. Statistical Models for Social Support Networks, Advances in Social Network Analysis, Research in the Social and Behavioral Sciences. In Wasserman, S. & Galaskiewicz, J. (eds.), Advances in Social Networks. Research in the Social And Behavioural Sciences: 53–79. Thousands Oaks, California: Sage.Google Scholar
Zikic, J. 2015 Skilled migrants’ career capital as a source of competitive advantage: implications for strategic HRM. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 26(10): 1360–1381.Google Scholar
Zikic, J. 2018 Becoming insiders: Dyadic Relational Framework Towards Improves migrant-local integration outcomes. Paper presented at the JMS conference: Diversity Perspective on Management: Towards more complex conceptualizations of diversity in management studies. Boston, USA.Google Scholar
Zikic, J., Bonache, J., & Cerdin, J. L. 2010. Crossing national boundaries: a typology of qualified immigrants’ career orientations. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 31(5): 667–686.Google Scholar
Zikic, J. & Richardson, J. 2016. What happens when you can’t be who you are: Professional identity at the institutional periphery. Human Relations, 69(1): 139–168.Google Scholar
Zikic, J. & Sondhi, G. 2015. Mentoring Partnerships: Building Successful Exchange Relationships, Practitioner Report, Toronto Region Immigrant Employment Council.Google Scholar
Zikic, J. & Voloshyna, V. 2018. Exploring individual level resilience: The role of migrant career capital in achieving career success post migration. Organizing for Resilience, LAEMOS Conference, Buenos-Aires, Argentina.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×