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Chapter 27 - Genetics of recurrent hypersomnia

from Section 5 - Narcolepsyand hypersomnias

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 November 2013

By
Michel Billiard ,
Rosa Peraita-Adrados  and
Mehdi Tafti
Edited by
Paul Shaw ,
Mehdi Tafti  and
Michael J. Thorpy
Paul Shaw
Affiliation:
University of Washington, St Louis
Mehdi Tafti
Affiliation:
University of Lausanne
Michael J. Thorpy
Affiliation:
Sleep-Wake Disorders Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York
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Summary

This chapter reviews the genetics of Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) and menstrual-related hypersomnia (MRH). Up to now, two cases of monozygotic twins affected with KLS have been published. In the first case, the first-born twin showed a less typical form, in which there was no compulsive eating, but instead decreased eating. In the second case there was not such a difference as neither of the twins showed compulsive eating. Based on the recurrence of hypersomniac episodes, the frequent infectious precipitating factors at onset, the generally young age at onset and a marginally significant association with HLADQB1, an autoimmune etiology has been suggested. The autoimmune hypothesis, suggested by an initial human leukocyte antigen (HLA) association, does not seem to be replicated in larger population. Nevertheless, potential association between KLS and other autoimmune disorders might help a better understanding of implication of immune-related processes in the pathophysiology of KLS.

Keywords

genome-wide association strategycircadian entrainmentfamilial syndromesgeneticscandidate genetic approachchronotypecircadian clock
Type
Chapter
Information
The Genetic Basis of Sleep and Sleep Disorders , pp. 272 - 278
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2013

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