Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air

Joseph Priestley

doi:10.1017/CBO9781139644419

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Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air

Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air

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Delbourgo, James 2009. « Very much in the dark about light » : Franklin, lumières et critiques. Transatlantica,

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Volume 3
Joseph Priestley

Publisher:: Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:: October 2014
Print publication year:: 2013
Online ISBN:: 9781139644419
DOI:: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139644419

Subjects:: History of Science, Engineering: General Interest, Chemistry, Chemistry: General Interest, General Science
Series:: Cambridge Library Collection - Physical Sciences

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By the late eighteenth century, scientists had discovered certain types of gas, such as 'fixed air' (carbon dioxide), but their composition was little understood. Relatively few investigations into gases had taken place, and so the polymath Joseph Priestley (1733–1804) was able to make major breakthroughs in the field using a range of experimental techniques. While living near a brewery, he found that it was possible to outline the shape of the gas above fermenting beer with smoke, and that fire would burn with varying strength depending on the composition of the air. This three-volume collection first appeared between 1774 and 1777. Priestley acknowledges that Volume 3 (1777) would more greatly interest those with technical training in the physical sciences as compared with general scholars. It also highlights some new and important inferences, notably on the function of blood in respiration.

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Experiments and Observations on Different Kinds of Air

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Contents

Frontmatter
pp i-iv

THE PREFACE
pp v-xxxiv

Contents
pp xxxv-xl

THE INTRODUCTION
pp 1-4

Section I - Of the Production of DEPHLOGISTICATED AIR from the several METALS
pp 5-20

Sect. II - Of the Phenomena which attend the Solution of some of the SEMI-METALS in Spirit of Nitre
pp 21-27

Sect. III - Of the Production of DEPHLOGISTICATED AIR from EARTHY SUBSTANCES, made chiefly with a View to determine whether the FIXED AIR that is yielded in these Processes, be a Modification of the Nitrous Acid
pp 28-40

Sect. IV - An Attempt to ascertain the Quantity of SPIRIT of NITRE, in a given Quantity of DEPHLOGISTICATED AIR
pp 41-54

Sect. V - Observations on RESPIRATION, and the USE of the BLOOD
pp 55-84

Sect. VI - MISCELLANEOUS Experiments and Observations relating to DEPHLOGISTICATED AIR
pp 85-91

Sect. VII - Of the Influence of the OIL of TURPENTINE and SPIRIT of WINE on Common Air
pp 92-99

Sect. VIII - MISCELLANEOUS Experiments relating to COMMON AIR
pp 100-102

Sect. IX - Of the Impregnation of WATER with Nitrous Air
pp 103-110

Sect. X - Of the Absorption of Nitrous Air by OILS, SPIRIT of WINE, and CAUSTIC ALKALI
pp 111-120

Sect. XI - Of the Phenomena attending the Absorption of Nitrous Air by ACID LIQUORS
pp 121-131

Sect. XII - Of the Processes by which Nitrous Air is brought into a State in which a Candle will burn in it with an ENLARGED FLAME produced by the Solutionof Metals in the Nitrous Acid
pp 132-139

Sect. XIII - Of the Phenomena attending the Diminution of Nitrous Air by IRON FILINGS and BRIMSTONE, and also by LIVER of SULPHUR
pp 140-150

Sect. XIV - Of the Diminution of Nitrous Air in Consequence of its being confined in a BLADDER in certain Circumstances
pp 151-158

Sect. XV - Of the NITROUS ACID extracted from Nitrous Air, by aDecomposition with Common, or Dephlogisticated Air
pp 159-164

Sect. XVI - MISCELLANEOUS Experiments relating to Nitrous Air
pp 165-173

Sect. XVII - An Account of some Experiments made in Consequence of an Attempt to confine the NITROUS ACID VAPOUR by means of ANIMAL OILS
pp 174-183

Sect. XVIII - Observations on the NITROUS ACID VAPOUR itself
pp 184-193

Sect. XIX - Of the Saturation of WATER with Nitrous Vapour
pp 194-207

Sect. XX - Of the Impregnation of OILS, and of SPIRIT of WINE, with the Nitrous Vapour
pp 208-216

Sect. XXI - Of the Impregnation of the ACIDS, &c. with the Nitrous Vapour
pp 217-228

Sect. XXII - Of the Action of Nitrous Vapour upon some SOLID SUBSTANCES
pp 229-233

Sect. XXIII - Various Observations relating to the PROCESS for making Spirit of Nitre, and to the NITROUS ACID itself; and first of the PRODUCTION of AIR in couse of it
pp 234-242

Sect. XXIV - Observations relating to the COLOUR and STRENGTH of the Nitrous Acid, according to different Circumstances in the Process for making it
pp 243-249

Sect. XXV - Of the Effects of the Solution of BISMUTH and the DISTILLATION on the Nitrous Acid
pp 250-254

Sect. XXVI - Experiments relating to INFLAMMABLE AIR
pp 255-269

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