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25 - Development of Memory Circuits under Epigenetic Regulation

from Part II - Evolution of Memory Processes

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

By
Ji-Song Guan
Edited by
Mark A. Krause ,
Karen L. Hollis  and
Mauricio R. Papini
Mark A. Krause
Affiliation:
Southern Oregon University
Karen L. Hollis
Affiliation:
Mount Holyoke College, Massachusetts
Mauricio R. Papini
Affiliation:
Texas Christian University
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Summary

Memory is encoded in the neuronal circuit, which undergoes continuous development driven by everyday experiences. While synaptic plasticity allows the experience-dependent modifications of the existing circuit, another essential issue is to keep the existing memory stable while simultaneously facilitating new memory formation for the novel experiences. Apparently, epigenetic regulatory mechanisms are involved in such regulation. Memory engram neurons in the brain are the hubs of the memory circuit and provide the cellular representation of specific memories. The cellular mechanisms, including epigenetic regulators, thus govern the development of neuronal circuits to store the information. Various epigenetic regulators control the landscape of information storage in the neural network in a temporal-spatial-specific manner, but regulating molecules do not code the specific content of the information. The main effects of epigenetic regulation include the gating mechanism and the stabilization mechanism to alter the ability of subneuronal networks to encode new information and preserve stored information in the memory circuit during the experience-dependent development of the brain network.

Keywords

epigenetic mechanismsmemory engramsynaptic plasticitymemory preservation
Type
Chapter
Information
Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms , pp. 438 - 453
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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