5 - Critical appraisal and presentation of study details

Summary

The critical appraisal of studies and the succinct presentation of study details are essential aspects of evidence-based anaesthesia. Their primary role is to guide the interpretation of evidence from studies in terms of its validity and applicability. It is necessary to be aware of potential sources of bias that may impact on the reliability of study findings. Similarly, it is important to consider key study characteristics that may affect the relevance of study findings to clinical practice. Formal procedures, such as the use of forms itemising criteria to judge study quality and for the collection of study details, are important to make the process objective and repeatable. There is an underlying need for transparency in methods and reporting.

Introduction

The critical appraisal of studies and the systematic presentation of study details are key components of an evidence-based approach. Both require methodical processes, which should be pre-specified and, where appropriate, piloted. The importance of a written protocol, which includes details of these, cannot be overstated. The preparation and piloting of forms to assess study quality and to gather study details and results are of immense help (see Chapter 4). Similarly of benefit is an outline, which may include draft tables, of what you want to report.