Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-rdxmf Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T22:43:40.887Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

11 - Kenya’s Madaraka Express: An Example of the Decisive Chinese Impulse for African Mega-Infrastructure Projects

from Part II - Exploiting Institutional Voids by Design

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2019

Nuno Gil
Affiliation:
University of Manchester
Anne Stafford
Affiliation:
University of Manchester
Innocent Musonda
Affiliation:
University of Johannesburg
Get access

Summary

This chapter illustrates how the impulse of Chinese financing and contractors on the delivery of infrastructure megaprojects has given a different development option to African governments. I ground the findings on a detailed study of the Standard Gauge Railway (SGR) built by Kenya, with Chinese assistance, between 2014 and 2017. The project was originally turned down by traditional lenders (the World Bank) based on a narrow cost–benefit analysis. I trace the ability of the Kenyan–Chinese project organisation to navigate the institutional voids in the environment, and rivalry between neighbouring countries, through a powerful and centralised organisation structure. I also show, though, that the detachment of this hierarchical authority from the institutional environment comes with a real cost that imperils the potential of the project organisation to catalyse broader socio-economic growth. Still, the case suggests that a centralised approach delivers outcomes for a reasonable cost. It effectively builds an option for further future development. This, I argue, makes the Chinese approach a viable alternative to the inclusive institutional approach espoused by traditional lenders.

Type
Chapter
Information
Duality by Design
The Global Race to Build Africa's Infrastructure
, pp. 315 - 352
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alden, C. (2007). Emerging countries as new players in LDCs: The case of China and Africa. www.iddri.org/Publications/Emerging-countries-as-new-ODA-players-in-LDCs-The-case-of-China-and-Africa.Google Scholar
Bach, D. (2013). Régimes politiques, pratiques systémiques et dynamiques de l’émergence dans les états africains et post-soviétiques. Revue internationale de politique compare, 20(3) (2013): 153169.Google Scholar
Bach, D. (2016). Regionalism in Africa: Genealogies, institutions and trans-state networks. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Berger, L. (2011). Northern Corridor infrastructure masterplan: Final report executive summary. Paris: Louis Berger. www.ttcanc.org/documents/The%20Northern%20Corridor%20Infrastructure%20Master%20Plan.pdf.Google Scholar
Bräutigam, D. (2011). Aid ‘with Chinese characteristics’: Chinese foreign aid and development finance meet the OECD‐DAC aid regime. Journal of International Development 23: 752764. DOI:10.1002/jid.1798.Google Scholar
Cannon, B. J. (2017). Opinion: The struggle for East Africa’s oil. Anadolu Agency. http://aa.com.tr/en/analysis-news/opinion-the-struggle-for-east-africa-s-oil/742397.Google Scholar
China Road and Bridge Corporation. (2016). The social responsibility report 2015 on Mombasa-Nairobi SGR project. Beijing: CRBC.Google Scholar
Cooke-Davies, T. (2002). The ‘real’ success factors on projects. International Journal of Project Management, 20(2002): 185190.Google Scholar
Corkin, L., Burke, C., and Davies, M. (2008). China’s role in the development of Africa’s infrastructure. Working Papers in African Studies. Washington, DC: Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies.Google Scholar
Cooksey, B. (2016). Railway rivalry in the East African Community. GREAT Insights Magazine, 5(4) July/August. http://ecdpm.org/great-insights/regional-integration-dynamics-africa/railway-rivalry-east-african-community/Google Scholar
CPCS Transcon International Ltd. (2014). EAC Railway Sector Enhancement Project. Working Paper: Policy Matrix. CPCS Ref/13062. St. Michael, Barbados: CPCS.Google Scholar
Davies, M. (2011). How China is influencing Africa’s development. In Men, J. and Barton, B. (Eds.), China and the European Union in Africa: Partners or competitors? Belgium: College of Europe, pp. 187205.Google Scholar
Dimitriou, H. T. (2014). What constitutes a ‘successful’ mega transport project? Planning Theory & Practice, 15(3): 389430.Google Scholar
Eyiah-Botwe, E., Aigbavboa, C. and Thwala, WD (2016). Mega construction projects: Using stakeholder management for enhanced sustainable construction. American Journal of Engineering Research (AJER), 5 (5):8086.Google Scholar
Farole, T. and Akinci, G. (eds.) (2011). Special Economic Zones: Progress, emerging challenges, and future directions. Washington, DC: The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/ The World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/752011468203980987/pdf/638440PUB0Exto00Box0361527B0PUBLIC0.pdf.Google Scholar
Farrell, J. (2016). How do Chinese contractors perform in Africa? Evidence from World Bank projects. Washington SAIS-CARI Working Paper 3. Washington, DC: SAIS-CARI. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5652847de4b033f56d2bdc29/t/573c970bf8baf3591b05253f/1463588620386/Working+Paper_Jamie+Farrell.pdfGoogle Scholar
Flyvbjerg, B. and Sunstein, C. R. (2015). The principle of the malevolent hiding hand; or, the planning fallacy writ large. Preliminary draft 4.3. https://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/1509/1509.01526.pdfGoogle Scholar
Foster, V., Butterfield, W., Chen, C. and Pushak, N. (2009). Building bridges: China’s growing role as infrastructure financier for Sub-Saharan Africa. Trends and Policy Options Vol. 5. Washington, DC: World Bank Publications.Google Scholar
Fourie, E. (2014). East Asian lessons for Ethiopia’s Hailemariam and Kenya’s Kenyatta? ECPDM: GREAT Insights Magazine, 3(4): 2021.Google Scholar
Gil, N. and Pinto, J. (2016). Structure-performance relationships in complex system developments: The case of infrastructure projects in developing economies. Working Paper 18 June 2016. The University of Manchester.Google Scholar
Gil, N. and Pinto, J. (2017). Between accountability and ambition: Organizational duality in public goods provision in emerging markets. Working Paper 15 December 2017. The University of Manchester.Google Scholar
He, W. (2007). The balancing act of China’s Africa policy. China Security, 3(3)(2007): 2340.Google Scholar
Hirschman, A. O. (1967). The principle of the hiding hand. The Public Interest. National Affairs, Winter 1967. www.nationalaffairs.com/public_interest/detail/the-principle-of-the-hiding-hand.Google Scholar
Hornsby, C. (2013). Kenya: A history since independence. London: Tauris.Google Scholar
Kaplinsky, R. and Morris, M. (2009). Chinese FDI in sub-Saharan Africa: Engaging with large dragons. European Journal of Development Research, 21 (2009): 551569. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1057%2Fejdr.2009.24.pdf.Google Scholar
Lenfle, S. and Loch, C. (2017). Has megaproject management lost its way? Lessons from history. In Flyvbjerg, B. (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of megaproject management. DOI:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732242.013.2. www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732242.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780198732242-e-2Google Scholar
Li, R. (2009). Xifang dui Zhong Fei hezuo de waiqu ji qi zhengwei [Distorted China-Africa Cooperation and the Refutation], World Economics and Politics, 4 (2009): 1625.Google Scholar
Lundrigan, C., Gil, N. and Puranam, P. (2014). The (under)performance of megaprojects: A meta-organizational perspective. Working Paper December 2014. The University of Manchester. www.researchgate.net/publication/291374272_The_Under_Performance_of_Megaprojects_A_Meta-Organizational_Perspective.Google Scholar
Mir, F. A. and Pinnington, A. H. (2014). Exploring the value of project management: Linking project management performance and project success. International Journal of Project Management, 32 (2014): 202217.Google Scholar
Misic, S. and Radujkovic, M. (2015). Critical drivers of megaprojects success and failure. Procedia Engineering, 122(2015): 7180.Google Scholar
Mwangi, P. M. (2017). Challenges of land issues to investment in Kenya. N.p.Google Scholar
Oloo, A. (2015). The triumph of ethnic identity over ideology in the 2013 general election in Kenya. In Njogu, Kimani and Wekesa, Peter Wafula (Eds.), Kenya’s 2013 general elections: Stakes, practices and outcomes. Nairobi: Twaweza Communications, pp. 4863.Google Scholar
Otieno, M., Moyi, E., Khainga, D. and Biwott, P. (2013). Regional integration and foreign direct investment in east African countries. Journal of World Economic Research, 2(4): 6774.Google Scholar
(PIC) The Public Investments Committee. (2014, 29 April). National Assembly (PIC 2014): Special report on the procurement and financing of the construction of Standard Gauge Railway from Mombasa to Nairobi (Phase 1).Google Scholar
Sanghi, A. and Johnson, D. (2016, March). Deal or no deal: Strictly business for China in Kenya? Policy Research Paper 7614. Washington, DC: The World Bank Group.Google Scholar
Schiere, R. and Rugamba, A. (2011). Chinese infrastructure investments and African integration. African Development Bank Group. Working Paper Series, 127. www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/WPS%20No%20127%20Chinese%20Infrastructure%20Investments%20.pdf.Google Scholar
Turner, R., Anbari, F. and Bredillet, C. (2013). Perspectives on research in project management: the nine schools. Global Business Perspectives, 1(1): 328.Google Scholar
Vanheukelom, J., Byiers, B., Bilal, S. and Woolfrey, S. (2016). Political economy of regional integration in Africa: What drives and constrains regional organizations? Synthesis Report. The European Centre for Development Policy Management. http://ecdpm.org/wp-content/uploads/ECDPM-2016-Political-Economy-Regional-Integration-Africa-Synthesis-Report.pdf.Google Scholar
Wissenbach, U. (2007). China, Africa and Europe: Africa’s attractions. The World Today, 63 (4):79.Google Scholar
Wissenbach, U. (2011). China–Africa relations and the European Union: Ideology, conditionality, realpolitik and what is new in South–South co-operation. In Dent, C. M. (Ed.), China and Africa development relations. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Wissenbach, U. and Kim, E.-M. (2013). From polarisation towards a consensus on development? The EU and Asian approaches to development and ODA. In Christiansen, T., Kirchner, E. and Murray, P. (Eds.), The Palgrave handbook of EU–Asia relations. London: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
Wissenbach, U. and Wang, Y. (2017). African politics meets Chinese engineers: The Chinese-built Standard Gauge Railway Project in Kenya and East Africa. SAIS-Cari Working Paper No. 13. Washington, DC: Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5652847de4b033f56d2bdc29/t/594d739f3e00bed37482d4fe/1498248096443/SGR+v4.pdf.Google Scholar
Woolfrey, S. (2013). Special Economic Zones and regional integration in Africa. Trade Law Centre Working Paper N° S13WP10/2013. www.tralac.org/files/2013/07/S13WP102013-Woolfrey-Special-economic-zones-regional-integration-in-Africa-20130710-fin.pdf.Google Scholar
World Bank (2013). The economics of rail gauge in the East Africa community. World Bank-Africa Transportation Unit. Available at http://bodmastec.com/sgr1/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/World_bank_Report_on_the_Standard_Gauge_Railway.pdf.Google Scholar
World Bank. (2017). Kenya economic update. April 2017 Edition No. 15. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/26392.Google Scholar
Wrong, M. (2009). It’s our turn to eat: The story of a Kenyan whistleblower. London: Fourth Estate.Google Scholar
Zeng, D. Z. (2015). Global experiences with Special Economic Zones: With a focus on China and Africa. Washington, DC: World Bank. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/810281468186872492/Global-experiences-with-special-economic-zones-focus-on-China-and-Africa.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×