Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-dzt6s Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T22:26:28.639Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

12 - From Peace Talks to Military Operation

Pakistani Newspapers’ Representation of the TTP Conflict

from Part III - Media Discourse and Conflict Resolution

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 April 2022

By
Lubna Shaheen  and
Muhammad Tarique
Edited by
Innocent Chiluwa
Innocent Chiluwa
Affiliation:
Covenant University, Nigeria
Get access

Summary

This chapter analyzes news discourses covering the peace talks between the Pakistan government and the TTP (Tehreek-e-Taliban Pakistan), the culmination of which resulted in a military operation known as Zarb e Azab. The data are news stories extracted from mainstream English-language newspapers in Pakistan – Dawn and The Nation. The aim is to examine the types of discourses constructed by the print media during the peace talks. To achieve this, a qualitative analysis is employed comprising a socio-cognitive approach to CDA that focuses on the use of language and the ideological construction of peace and war situations. The chapter also highlights the importance of responsible and ethical journalism and professional journalistic practices that may help to refine the ideological sensibilities of journalists.

Keywords

socio-cognitive approachnews discoursesqualitative analysisCDAresponsible journalismethical journalismideological sensibilities
Type
Chapter
Information
Discourse, Media, and Conflict
Examining War and Resolution in the News
 , pp. 278 - 299
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Afzal, Saima, Iqbal, Hamid, and Inayay, Mavara. 2012. “Terrorism and Extremism as a Non- Traditional Security Threat Post 9/11: Implications for Pakistan’s Security.” International Journal of Business and Social Science 3, no. 24: 194–203. https://ijbssnet.com/journals/Vol_3_No_24_Special_Issue_December_2012/21.pdf.Google Scholar
Basit, Abdul. 2016. “Pakistan’s Counterterrorism Operation: Myth vs Reality.” The Diplomat, June 27. https://thediplomat.com/2016/06/pakistans-counterterrorism-operation-myth-vs-reality/.Google Scholar
Beittel, June S. 2014. “Peace Talks in Colombia. 2014.” Library of Congress, Congressional Research Service. www.everycrsreport.com/files/20140403_R42982_966a8af4e1b86effee73950f1c40ef2819a7b12d.pdf.Google Scholar
Bew, John, Evans, Ryan, Frampton, Martyn, Neumann, Peter, and Porges, Marisa. 2013. “Talking to the Taliban: Hope over History?” ICSR, http://indianstrategicknowledgeonline.com/web/ICSR-TT-Report.pdf.Google Scholar
Bratić, Vladimir. 2006 “Media Effects During Violent Conflict: Evaluating Media Contributions to Peace Building.” Conflict & Communication 5, no. 1. https://regener-online.de/journalcco/2006_1/pdf_2006–1/bratic.pdf.Google Scholar
Bratić, Vladimir. 2015. “Beyond Journalism: Expanding the Use of Media in Peacebuilding.” In Hoffmann, Julia and Hawkins, Virgil (Eds.), Communication and Peace: Mapping an Emerging Field. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Fairclough, Norman L. 1985.“Critical and Descriptive Goals in Discourse Analysis.” Journal of Pragmatics 9, no. 6: 739–763.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Fairclough, Norman. 1992. “Discourse and Text: Linguistic and Intertextual Analysis within Discourse Analysis.” Discourse & Society 3, no. 2: 193–217. https://doi.org/10.1016/0378–2166(85)90002–5.Google Scholar
Fazli, Reza, Johnson, Casey, and Cooke, Peyton. 2015. Understanding and Countering Violent Extremism in Afghanistan. Special report, United States Institute of Peace. www.usip.org/sites/default/files/SR379-Understanding-and-Countering-Violent-Extremism-in-Afghanistan.pdf.Google Scholar
Galtung, Johan. 2003. “Peace Journalism.” Media Asia 30, no. 3: 177–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/01296612.2003.11726720.Google Scholar
Hackett, Robert A. 2007. “Journalism Versus Peace? Notes on a Problematic Relationship.” Global Media Journal: Mediterranean Edition 2, no. 1: 47–53. www.sfu.ca/~hackett/JournalismVSPeace.doc.Google Scholar
Hussain, Shabbir, and Munawar, Adnan. 2017.”Analysis of Pakistan Print Media Narrative on the War on Terror.” International Journal of Crisis Communication 1, no. 1: 38–47.Google Scholar
Jahedi, Maryam, Abdullah, Faiz Sathi, and Mukundan, Jayakaran. 2014. “An Overview of Focal Approaches of Critical Discourse Analysis.” International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 2, no. 4: 28–35. doi:10.7575/aiac.ijels. v.2 n.4p.28.Google Scholar
Johnstone, Barbara. 2017. Discourse Analysis. John Wiley & Sons.Google Scholar
Khan, Hidayat. 2013. “Pakistan’s Contribution to Global War on Terror After 9/11.” IPRI Journal 13, no. 1: 37–56. www.ipripak.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/art3hidw13.pdf.Google Scholar
Khan, Muhammad Khalil, and Wei, Lu. 2016. “When Friends Turned into Enemies: The Role of the National State Vs. Tehrik-I-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) in the War Against Terrorism in Pakistan.” Korean Journal of Defense Analysis 28, no. 4: 597–626.Google Scholar
Kintsch, Walter, and van Dijk, Teun A.. 1978. “Toward a Model of Text Comprehension and Production.” Psychological Review 85, no. 5: 363–394. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0033–295X.85.5.363.Google Scholar
Lee, Andrew Wei-Min. 2009. “Tibet and the Media: Perspectives from Beijing.” Marquette Law Review 93, no. 209. https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/marqlr93&div=12&id=&page.Google Scholar
Lee, Seow Ting. 2010. “Peace Journalism: Principles and Structural Limitations in the News Coverage of Three Conflicts.” Mass Communication and Society 13, no. 4: 361–384. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205430903348829.Google Scholar
Lee, Seow Ting, and Maslog, Crispin C.. 2005. “War or Peace Journalism? Asian Newspaper Coverage of Conflicts.” Journal of Communication 55, no. 2: 311–329. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460–2466.2005.tb02674.x.Google Scholar
Malik, Shaista, and Iqbal, Zafar. 2010. “Construction of Taliban Image in Pakistan: Discourse Analysis of Editorials of Dawn and The News.” China Media Research Journal 7, no. 2: 46–56.Google Scholar
Munday, Jeremy. 2009. The Routledge Companion to Translation Studies. Routledge.Google Scholar
Nadeem, Muhammad Umar. 2017. “Pakistani Print Media and Taliban: A Test of Media Conformity Theory.” VFAST Transactions on Education and Social Sciences 5, no. 1: 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.21015/vtess.v13i2.454.Google Scholar
Neiger, Motti, Meyers, Oren, and Zandberg, Eyal. 2011. On Media Memory: Collective Memory in a New Media Age. Springer.Google Scholar
Omondi, Clarice Atieno. 2016. Media Discourse and Ethnic Conflicts: A Critical Discourse Analysis of Online Newspaper Editorials in Kenya. Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of Helsinki, Finland. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:hulib-201611072962.Google Scholar
Ozohu-Suleiman, Yakubu. 2014. “War Journalism on Israel/Palestine: Does Contra-Flow Really Make a Difference?” Media, War & Conflict 7, no. 1: 85–103. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1750635213516697.Google Scholar
Parker, Ian. 1990. “Discourse: Definitions and Contradictions.” Philosophical Psychology 3, no. 2–3: 187–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515089008572998.Google Scholar
Şahin, Sanem, and Ross, Susan Dente. 2012. “The Uncertain Application of Peace Journalism: The Case of the Turkish Cypriot Press.” Conflict & Communication 11, no. 1. www.cco.regener-online.de/2012_1/pdf/sahin-ross.pdf.Google Scholar
Soherwordi, Hussain Shaheed. 2011. “A Theoretical Discourse on the Pakistani Taliban.” Pakistan Horizon 64, no. 1: 39–51. www.jstor.org/stable/24711141.Google Scholar
Tarique, Muhammad. 2017. Balochistan Unrest through the Lens of Pakistani National Print Media (1999–2008). Unpublished PhD thesis, University of the Punjab, Pakistan.Google Scholar
Tarique, Muhammad, and Shaheen, Lubna. 2016. Not What Does Bollywood Mean, but What Does Bollywood Do? A Critical Peace Journalism Appraisal. 26th International Peace Research Association (IPRA).Google Scholar
Teo, Peter. 2000. “Racism in the News: A Critical Discourse Analysis of News Reporting in Two Australian Newspapers.” Discourse & Society 11, no. 1: 7–49. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F0957926500011001002.Google Scholar
Thetela, Puleng. 1999. “The Linguistics of Blame in Media Discourse: Language, Ideology and Point of View in Media Reports on the 1998 Lesotho Conflict.” Lesotho Social Science Review 5, no 1: 111–132. https://opendocs.ids.ac.uk/opendocs/bitstream/handle/20.500.12413/6187/Puleng%20Thetela.pdf?sequence=1.Google Scholar
Van Dijk, Teun A. 1993. Elite Discourse and Racism. Vol. 6. Sage.Google Scholar
Van Dijk, Teun A. 1998. Ideology: A Multidisciplinary Approach. Sage.Google Scholar
Van Dijk, Teun A. 2006. “Ideology and Discourse Analysis.” Journal of Political Ideologies 11, no. 2: 115–140. https://doi.org/10.1080/13569310600687908.Google Scholar
Wolfsfeld, Gadi. 2004. Media and the Path to Peace. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Youssefi, Kazem, Kanani, Alireza Baghban, and Shojaei, Amir. 2013. “Ideological or International Move? A Critical Discourse Analysis Toward the Representation of Iran Sanctions in Western Printed Media.” Journal of Language Teaching and Research 4, no. 6: 1343–1350. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.656.8635&rep=rep1&type=pdf.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×