Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-26T04:11:39.213Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 10 - The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Well-Being of People Living with Dementia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  26 May 2022

By
Debby Gerritsen ,
Henriëtte van der Roest ,
Shirley Evans ,
Ruslan Leontjevas ,
Marleen Prins ,
Dawn Brooker  and
Rose-Marie Dröes
Edited by
Mathieu Vandenbulcke ,
Rose-Marie Dröes  and
Erik Schokkaert
Mathieu Vandenbulcke
Affiliation:
KU Leuven, Belgium
Rose-Marie Dröes
Affiliation:
Amsterdam University Medical Centre
Erik Schokkaert
Affiliation:
KU Leuven, Belgium
Get access

Summary

At the time of writing this book, the world was in the grips of the COVID-19 pandemic. Many countries have experienced two lengthy lockdowns where contact with others was significantly curtailed. In this chapter, based on first studies done in and outside Europe, and more specifically in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, we reflect more in depth on the consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic for people living with dementia, their families and professional caregivers in different care settings: at home, day care facilities and nursing homes.

Keywords

dementiaCOVID-19social isolationpsychosocial impactcommunity-based carenursing home care
Type
Chapter
Information
Dementia and Society , pp. 193 - 210
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Alzheimer Europe. Dementia in Europe Magazine: The Alzheimer Europe Magazine. 2021 Feb;35. Luxembourg. Alzheimer Europe Office. www.alzheimer-europe.org/Publications/Dementia-in-Europe-magazines. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Tilvis, RS, Routasalo, P, Karppinen, H, Strandberg, TE, Kautiainen, H, Pitkala, KH. Social isolation, social activity and loneliness as survival indicators in old age: A nationwide survey with a 7-year follow-up. Eur Geriatr Med. 2012; 3: 18–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simonetti, A, Pais, C, Jones, M, Cipriani, MC, Janiri, D, Monti, L, et al. Neuropsychiatric symptoms in elderly with dementia during COVID-19 pandemic: Definition, treatment, and future directions. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11: 579842.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Roach, P, Zwiers, A, Cox, E, Fischer, K, Charlton, A, Josephson, CB, et al. Understanding the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on well-being and virtual care for people living with dementia and care partners living in the community. Dementia (London) 2021 Jan 1; 20(6): 2007–23. 1471301220977639CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Thyrian, JR, Kracht, F, Nikelski, A, Boekholt, M, Schumacher-Schonert, F, Radke, A, et al. The situation of elderly with cognitive impairment living at home during lockdown in the corona-pandemic in Germany. BMC Geriatr. 2020 Dec 29; 20: 540.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Heide, I, de Veer, A, van den Buuse, S, Francke, AL. Dementiemonitor mantelzorg. Utrecht, Nivel, 2020. www.nivel.nl/en/project/dementiemonitor-mantelzorg-2020. Dutch. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Huber, M, Knottnerus, JA, Green, L, van der Horst, H, Jadad, AR, Kromhout, D, et al. How should we define health? BMJ 2011 Jul 26; 343:d4163.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dröes, RM, Chattat, R, Diaz, A, Gove, D, Graff, M, Murphy, K, et al. Social health and dementia: A European consensus on the operationalization of the concept and directions for research and practice. Aging Ment Health 2017 Jan; 21(1): 4–17.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Miranda-Castillo, C, Woods, B, Galboda, K, Oomman, S, Olojugba, C, Orrell, M. Unmet needs, quality of life and support networks of people with dementia living at home. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2010 Nov 12; 8: 132.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Roest, HG, Meiland, FJ, Comijs, HC, Derksen, E, Jansen, AP, van Hout, HP, et al. What do community-dwelling people with dementia need? A survey of those who are known to care and welfare services. Int Psychogeriatr. 2009 Oct; 21(5): 949–65.Google Scholar
Cohen, G, Russo, MJ, Campos, JA, Allegri, RF. COVID-19 epidemic in Argentina: Worsening of behavioral symptoms in elderly subjects with dementia living in the community. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11: 866.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Heide, I, van den Buuse, S, Francke, AL. Dementiemonitor mantelzorg. Utrecht, Nivel; 2018. www.nivel.nl/nl/nieuws/dementiemonitor-mantelzorg-2018-de-uitkomsten. Dutch. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Van Maurik, IS, Bakker, ED, van den Buuse, S, Gillissen, F, van de Beek, M, Lemstra, E, et al. Psychosocial effects of corona measures on patients with dementia, mild cognitive impairment and subjective cognitive decline. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11: 585686.Google Scholar
Pongan, E, Dorey, JM, Borg, C, Getenet, JC, Bachelet, R, Lourioux, C, et al. COVID-19: Association between increase of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia during lockdown and caregivers’ poor mental health. J Alzheimers Dis. 2021 Feb 23. Epub ahead of print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Morrisby, C, Joosten, A, Ciccarelli, M. Do services meet the needs of people with dementia and carers living in the community? A scoping review of the international literature. Int Psychogeriatr. 2018 Jan; 30(1): 5–14.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Alzheimer’s Research UK. Dementia Statistics Hub 2020. Cambridge: Alzheimer’s Research UK. www.dementiastatistics.org/statistics/impact-on-carers. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Lindeza, P, Rodrigues, M, Costa, J, Guerreiro, M, Rosa, MM. Impact of dementia on informal care: A systematic review of family caregivers’ perceptions. BMJ Support Palliat Care 2020 Oct 14. bmjspcare-2020–002242. Epub ahead of print.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wilson, RS, Krueger, KR, Arnold, SE, Schneider, JA, Kelly, JF, Barnes, LL, et al. Loneliness and risk of Alzheimer disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2007 Feb; 64(2): 234–40.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Courtin, E, Knapp, M. Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: A scoping review. Health Soc Care Community 2017 May; 25(3): 799–812.Google Scholar
National Academies of Sciences Engineering and Medicine. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults: Opportunities for the Health Care System. Washington, DC, National Academies Press, 2020.Google Scholar
Tretteteig, S, Vatne, S, Rokstad, AM. The influence of day care centres designed for people with dementia on family caregivers: A qualitative study. BMC Geriatr. 2017 Jan 5; 17(1): 5.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
MeetingDem Network. Newsletter December 2020. Amsterdam, Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, 2020.Google Scholar
Evans, SB, Bray, J, Brooker, D. How Meeting Centres continue to support people affected by dementia: Report on UK COVID-19 impact. Working with Older People 2021; 25(4): 283–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dröes, RM. In Beweging, over psychosociale hulpverlening aan demente ouderen. Academic thesis. VU University, Amsterdam. Nijkerk, Intro, 1991. Dutch.Google Scholar
Dröes, RM, Breebaart, E, Ettema, TP, van Tilburg, W, Mellenbergh, GJ. Effect of integrated family support versus day care only on behavior and mood of patients with dementia. Int Psychogeriatr. 2000 Mar; 12(1): 99–115.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dröes, RM, Meiland, FJM, van Tilburg, W. The Meeting Centres Support Programme for persons with dementia and their carers: From development to implementation. In Miesen, B, Jones, G, eds. Caregiving in Dementia IV. London, Routledge, 2006; 315–39.Google Scholar
Dröes, RM, van Mierlo, LD, van der Roest, HG, Meiland, FJM. Focus and effectiveness of psychosocial interventions for people with dementia in institutional care settings from the perspective of coping with the disease. Non-pharmacological Therapies in Dementia 2010; 1 (2): 139–61.Google Scholar
Brooker, D, Droes, R, Evans, SB. Framing outcomes of post-diagnostic psychosocial interventions in dementia: The adaptation-coping model and adjusting to change. Work Older People 2017; 21(1): 13–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Danis, K, Fonteneau, L, Georges, S, Daniau, C, Bernard-Stoecklin, S, Domegan, L, et al. High impact of COVID-19 in long-term care facilities, suggestion for monitoring in the EU/EEA, May 2020. Euro Surveill. 2020 Jun; 25(22). pii=2000956.Google Scholar
Dichter, MN, Sander, M, Seismann-Petersen, S, Kopke, S. COVID-19: It is time to balance infection management and person-centered care to maintain mental health of people living in German nursing homes. Int Psychogeriatr. 2020 Oct; 32(10): 1157–60.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Wang, L, He, W, Yu, X, Hu, D, Bao, M, Liu, H, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 in elderly patients: Characteristics and prognostic factors based on 4-week follow-up. J Infect. 2020 Jun; 80(6): 639–45.Google Scholar
Ayalon, L, Zisberg, A, Cohn-Schwartz, E, Cohen-Mansfield, J, Perel-Levin, S, Bar Asher-Sigal, E. Long term care settings in the times of COVID-19: Challenges and future directions. Int Psychogeriatr. 2020 Jul; 1: 1–14. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7373829. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Gardner, W, States, D, Bagley, N. The coronavirus and the risks to the elderly in long-term care. J Aging Soc Policy 2020 Jul–Oct; 32(4–5): 310–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laboni, A, Cockburn, A, Marcil, M, Rodrigues, K, Marshall, C, Garcia, MA, et al. Achieving safe, effective, and compassionate quarantine or isolation of older adults with dementia in nursing homes. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2020; 28(8): 835–8.Google Scholar
Kruse, F, Abma, I, Jeurissen, P. The impact of COVID-19 on long-term care in the Netherlands. LTCcovid, International Long-Term Care Policy Network, CPEC-LSE. 2020 May 26; https://ltccovid.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/COVID19-Long-Term-Care-situation-in-the-Netherlands-25-May-2020-1.pdf. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Verbeek, H, Gerritsen, DL, Backhaus, R, de Boer, BS, Koopmans, R, Hamers, JPH. Allowing visitors back in the nursing home during the COVID-19 crisis: A Dutch national study into first experiences and impact on well-being. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020 Jul; 21(7): 900–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leontjevas, R, Knippenberg, IAH, Smalbrugge, M, Plouvier, AOA, Teunisse, S, Bakker, C, et al. Challenging behavior of nursing home residents during COVID-19 measures in the Netherlands. Aging Ment Health 2020 Dec; 9 : 1–6.Google Scholar
O’Caoimh, R, O’Donovan, MR, Monahan, MP, Dalton O’Connor, C, Buckley, C, Kilty, C, et al. Psychosocial impact of COVID-19 nursing home restrictions on visitors of residents with cognitive impairment: A cross-sectional study as part of the Engaging Remotely in Care (ERiC) Project. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11: 585373.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Roest, HG, Prins, M, van der Velden, C, Steinmetz, S, Stolte, E, van Tilburg, TG, et al. The impact of COVID-19 measures on well-being of older long-term care facility residents in the Netherlands [Research Letter]. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2020 Sep 10; 21(11): 1569.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Van der Roest, HG, Prins, M, van der Velden, C, Steinmetz, S, Stolte, E, van Tilburg, TG, et al. De impact van sociale isolatie onder bewoners van verpleeg- en verzorgingshuizen ten tijde van het nieuwe coronavirus. Utrecht: Trimbos-instituut, 2020. www.trimbos.nl/aanbod/webwinkel/product/af1789-de-impact-van-sociale-isolatie-onder-bewoners-van-verpleeg-en-verzorgingshuizen-ten-tijde-van-het-nieuwe-coronavirus. Dutch. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Benzinger, P, Kuru, S, Keilhauer, A, Hoch, J, Prestel, P, Bauer, JM, et al. [Psychosocial effects of the pandemic on staff and residents of nursing homes as well as their relatives: A systematic review]. Z Gerontol Geriatr. 2021; 23: 1–5. German.Google Scholar
Van der Ploeg, ES, Bax, D, Boorsma, M, Nijpels, G, van Hout, HP. A cross-sectional study to compare care needs of individuals with and without dementia in residential homes in the Netherlands. BMC Geriatr. 2013 May 24; 13: 51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Brooks, SK, Webster, RK, Smith, LE, Woodland, L, Wessely, S, Greenberg, N, et al. The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. Lancet. 2020 Mar 14; 395(10227): 912–20.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gerritsen, DL, Oude Voshaar, RC. The effects of the COVID-19 virus on mental healthcare for older people in the Netherlands. Int Psychogeriatr. 2020 Jun 3; 1–4. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7300185. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Klomp, C, van Houwelingen, H, van der Mee, T. Sterfte onder bewoners verpleeghuizen en instellingen bijna verdubbeld. Algemeen Dagblad. 2020. www.ad.nl/binnenland/sterfte-onder-bewoners-verpleeghuizen-en-instellingen-bijna-verdubbeld~a5c411d2. Dutch. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Dubey, S, Biswas, P, Ghosh, R, Chatterjee, S, Dubey, MJ, Chatterjee, S, et al. Psychosocial impact of COVID-19. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2020 May 27; 14(5):779–88.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Abraha, I, Rimland, JM, Trotta, FM, Dell’Aquila, G, Cruz-Jentoft, A, Petrovic, M, et al. Systematic review of systematic reviews of non-pharmacological interventions to treat behavioural disturbances in older patients with dementia: The SENATOR-OnTop series. BMJ Open 2017 Mar 16; 7(3): e012759.Google Scholar
Livingston, G, Rostamipour, H, Gallagher, P, Kalafatis, C, Shastri, A, Huzzey, L, et al. Prevalence, management, and outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infections in older people and those with dementia in mental health wards in London, UK: A retrospective observational study. Lancet Psych. 2020 Dec; 7(12): 1054–63.Google ScholarPubMed
Lai, FH, Yan, EW, Yu, KK, Tsui, WS, Chan, DT, Yee, BK. The protective impact of telemedicine on persons with dementia and their caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Geriatr Psychiatry 2020 Nov; 28(11): 1175–84.Google Scholar
British Geriatrics Society. COVID-19: Managing the COVID-19 Pandemic in Care Homes for Older People. London, British Geriatrics Society, 2020. www.bgs.org.uk/resources/covid-19-managing-the-covid-19-pandemic-in-care-homes. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar
Agentschap Zorg en Gezondheid. Algemene principes voor de bezoekregeling in woonzorgcentra, centra voor kort verblijf type-1, centra voor herstelverblijf en groepen van assistentiewoningen en serviceflatgebouwen infrastructureel gelinkt aan een woonzorgcentrum. Brussels, Vlaamse overheid, 2020. www.zorg-en-gezondheid.be/sites/default/files/atoms/files/kaderrichtlijn_bezoek_WZC_sjabloonVAZG_metlinksdef(003).pdf.Dutch. (Accessed 15 March 2021)Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×