Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-q99xh Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-28T22:11:55.306Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

3 - Frameworks

Developing and Working with Analytical Frameworks

from Part I - Developing a Methodology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  07 August 2023

By
Michele Betsill  and
Naghmeh Nasiritousi
Edited by
Hannah Hughes  and
Alice B. M. Vadrot
Hannah Hughes
Affiliation:
Aberystwyth University
Alice B. M. Vadrot
Affiliation:
Universität Wien, Austria
Get access

Summary

This chapter explores the process of developing analytical frameworks to guide empirical research on agreement-making. An analytical framework is a set of ideas that structure analysis by specifying core concepts and relationships to be explored. In some cases, a researcher may be able to use an existing framework found in the literature. More frequently, a researcher will need to adapt an existing framework or develop a new framework to address their specific research questions. In this chapter, the authors share their own experiences of developing and adapting frameworks to analyze nonstate actors’ influence and agency in agreement-making. They argue that deciding on a framework requires deep thinking about key concepts and relationships in the context of existing literature and data access. Frameworks evolve through an iterative process over the course of the research. Working with frameworks is a creative part of the research process that can help researchers navigate the messy and overwhelming world of agreement-making. The chapter thereby situates the role of frameworks in the wider research process and provides insights into different ways to go about working with analytical frameworks.

Keywords

analytical frameworksconceptsnon-state actorsagencyinfluence
Type
Chapter
Information
Conducting Research on Global Environmental Agreement-Making , pp. 43 - 57
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2023

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Further Reading

1.Powner, L. C. (2015). Empirical Research and Writing: A Political Science Student’s Practical Guide. Los Angeles: Sage/CQ Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
This book provides a concrete guide to planning, conducting, and writing up empirical social science research.Google Scholar
2.Timmermans, S., and Tavory, I. (2012). Theory construction in qualitative research: From grounded theory to abductive analysis. Sociological Theory, 30(3), 167–186.Google Scholar
This article outlines a pragmatic approach to moving between theory and empirical data to generate conceptual innovation in social science research.Google Scholar
Yin, R. K. (2015).Qualitative Research from Start to Finish. New York: Guilford Publications.Google Scholar
This book provides an excellent overview of the various choices that scholars make in the practice of conducting qualitative research, including the question of whether and how to integrate theoretical concepts into the research design.Google Scholar

References

Albin, C. (1999). Can NGOs enhance effectiveness of international negotiation? International Negotiation, 4(3), 371–387.Google Scholar
Andresen, S. and Skodvin, T. (2008). Non-state influence in the International Whaling Commission, 1970 to 2006. In Betsill, M. and Corell, E., eds., NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Nongovernmental Organizations in International Environmental Negotiations. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 119–148.Google Scholar
Bennett, A. and Checkel, J. T. (2015). Process tracing: From philosophical roots to best practice. In Bennett, A. and Checkel, J. T., eds., Process Tracing: From Metaphor to Analytical Tool. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 3–37.Google Scholar
Bernstein, S., Betsill, M. M., Hoffmann, M. J. and Paterson, M. (2010). A tale of two Copenhagens: Carbon markets and climate governance. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 39(1), 161–173.Google Scholar
Betsill, M. M. (2008). Reflections on the analytical framework and NGO diplomacy. In Betsill, M. and Corell, E., eds., NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Nongovernmental Organizations in International Environmental Negotiations. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 177–206.Google Scholar
Betsill, M. M. (2015). NGOs. In Bäckstrand, K. and Lövbrand, E., eds., Research Handbook on Climate Governance. Cheltenham: EE Elgar, pp. 251–261.Google Scholar
Betsill, M. M. and Corell, E. (2001). NGO influence in international environmental negotiations: A framework for analysis, Global Environmental Politics, 1(1), 65–85.Google Scholar
Betsill, M. M. and Corell, E., eds. (2008). NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Nongovernmental Organizations in International Environmental Negotiations. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Betsill, M. M., Dubash, N., Paterson, M. et al. (2015). Building productive linkages between the UNFCCC and the broader global climate governance landscape. Global Environmental Politics, 15(2), 1–10.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Biersteker, T. J. (1995). Constructing historical counterfactuals to assess the consequences of international regimes. In Rittberger, V., ed., Regime Theory and International Relations. Oxford: Clarendon Press, pp. 315–338.Google Scholar
Bryman, A. (2016). Social Research Methods, 5th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Corell, E. and Betsill, M. M. (2001). A comparative look at NGO influence in international environmental negotiations: Desertification and climate change. Global Environmental Politics, 1(1),86–107.Google Scholar
Corell, E. and Betsill, M. M. (2008). Analytical framework: Assessing the influence of NGO diplomats. In Betsill, M. and Corell, E., eds., NGO Diplomacy: The Influence of Nongovernmental Organizations in International Environmental Negotiations. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 19–42.Google Scholar
Cox, R. and Jacobson, H. K. (1973). The framework for inquiry. In Cox, R. and Jacobson, H., eds., The Anatomy of Influence: Decision Making in International Organization. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, pp. 1–36.Google Scholar
Creswell, J. W. and Creswell, J. D. (2017). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches, 5th ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.Google Scholar
Dellas, E., Pattberg, P. and Betsill, M. (2011). Agency in earth system governance: Refining a research agenda. International Environmental Agreements, 11(1), 85–98.Google Scholar
George, A. L. and Bennett, A. (2005). Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Keck, M. and Sikkink, K. (1999). Transnational advocacy networks in international and regional politics. International Social Science Journal, 51(159), 89–101.Google Scholar
Keohane, R. O. and Nye, J. S. (1972). Transnational Relations and World Politics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
King, G. , Keohane, R. O. and Verba, S. (1994). Designing Social Inquiry. New Haven, CT: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Knoke, D. (1990). Political Networks: The Structural Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Miles, M. B. and Huberman, A. M. (1994). Qualitative Data Analysis, 2nd ed. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE.Google Scholar
Nasiritousi, N. (2016). Shapers, Brokers and Doers: The Dynamic Roles of Non-State Actors in Global Climate Change Governance (published PhD dissertation, Linköping University Electronic Press).Google Scholar
Nasiritousi, N. (2019). NGOs and the environment. In Davies, T., ed., Routledge Handbook of NGOs and International Relations. London: Routledge, pp. 329–342.Google Scholar
Nasiritousi, N., Hjerpe, M. and Linnér, B.O. (2016). The roles of non-state actors in climate change governance: understanding agency through governance profiles. International Environmental Agreements, 16, 109–126.Google Scholar
Oppenheim, A. N. (2000). Questionnaire Design, Interviewing and Attitude Measurement, 2nd ed. London: Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd.Google Scholar
Thew, H. (2018). Youth participation and agency in the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. International Environmental Agreements, 18, 369–389.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Witter, R., Marion Suiseeya, K. R., Gruby, R. L. et al. (2015). Moments of influence in global environmental governance. Environmental Politics, 24(6), 894–912.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×