Book contents
- Cognitive Changes and the Aging Brain
- Cognitive Changes and the Aging Brain
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- Chapter 2 Anatomic and Histological Changes of the Aging Brain
- Chapter 3 Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms for Age-Related Cognitive Decline
- Chapter 4 Neuroimaging of the Aging Brain
- Chapter 5 Changes in Visuospatial, Visuoperceptual, and Navigational Ability in Aging
- Chapter 6 Chemosensory Function during Neurologically Healthy Aging
- Chapter 7 Memory Changes in the Aging Brain
- Chapter 8 Aging-Related Alterations in Language
- Chapter 9 Changes in Emotions and Mood with Aging
- Chapter 10 Aging and Attention
- Chapter 11 Changes in Motor Programming with Aging
- Chapter 12 Alterations in Executive Functions with Aging
- Chapter 13 Brain Aging and Creativity
- Chapter 14 Attractor Network Dynamics, Transmitters, and Memory and Cognitive Changes in Aging
- Chapter 15 Mechanisms of Aging-Related Cognitive Decline
- Chapter 16 The Influence of Physical Exercise on Cognitive Aging
- Chapter 17 Pharmacological Cosmetic Neurology
- Chapter 18 Cognitive Rehabilitation in Healthy Aging
- Chapter 19 Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia
- Index
- References
Chapter 3 - Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms for Age-Related Cognitive Decline
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 30 November 2019
- Cognitive Changes and the Aging Brain
- Cognitive Changes and the Aging Brain
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Contributors
- Chapter 1 Introduction
- Chapter 2 Anatomic and Histological Changes of the Aging Brain
- Chapter 3 Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms for Age-Related Cognitive Decline
- Chapter 4 Neuroimaging of the Aging Brain
- Chapter 5 Changes in Visuospatial, Visuoperceptual, and Navigational Ability in Aging
- Chapter 6 Chemosensory Function during Neurologically Healthy Aging
- Chapter 7 Memory Changes in the Aging Brain
- Chapter 8 Aging-Related Alterations in Language
- Chapter 9 Changes in Emotions and Mood with Aging
- Chapter 10 Aging and Attention
- Chapter 11 Changes in Motor Programming with Aging
- Chapter 12 Alterations in Executive Functions with Aging
- Chapter 13 Brain Aging and Creativity
- Chapter 14 Attractor Network Dynamics, Transmitters, and Memory and Cognitive Changes in Aging
- Chapter 15 Mechanisms of Aging-Related Cognitive Decline
- Chapter 16 The Influence of Physical Exercise on Cognitive Aging
- Chapter 17 Pharmacological Cosmetic Neurology
- Chapter 18 Cognitive Rehabilitation in Healthy Aging
- Chapter 19 Preventing Cognitive Decline and Dementia
- Index
- References
Summary
Aging is often associated with a progressive decline of cognitive functions, due in part to the susceptibility of specific brain regions to stressors of aging. However, chronological age is a poor predictor of cognition. Cognitive decline is variable in terms of onset and progression, suggesting that biological age, due to differences in biological mechanisms that regulate vulnerability, is a better predictor of cognitive decline. As with humans, animal models exhibit variability in age-related cognitive decline, and this variability has been employed to determine biomarkers and mechanisms of cognitive impairment. Based on these animal models, theories of age-related cognitive decline have evolved. Recent work has focused on senescent physiology, rather than cell death associated with neurodegenerative disease. The results suggest that age-related alterations in redox stress modify Ca2+ regulation to alter learning and memory mechanisms, as well as signaling cascades from the synapse to the nucleus. Furthermore, the stressors of aging, senescent physiology, and environmental factors interact with epigenetic mechanisms contributing variability in gene transcription, resulting in variability in resiliency, onset, and the progression of the aging phenotype.
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- Cognitive Changes and the Aging Brain , pp. 16 - 27Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2019
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