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Chapter 24 - Pharmacogenomics and the Management of Mood Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2024

By
Roos van Westrhenen
Edited by
Allan Young ,
Marsal Sanches ,
Jair C. Soares  and
Mario Juruena
Allan Young
Affiliation:
Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London
Marsal Sanches
Affiliation:
Baylor College of Medicine, Texas
Jair C. Soares
Affiliation:
McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas
Mario Juruena
Affiliation:
King's College London
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Summary

Due to the chronic relapsing nature of mental disorders and increased life expectancy, the societal burden of these non-communicable diseases will increase. Treatments for mental disorders are available, but their effect is limited due to patients’ (genetic) heterogeneity, low treatment compliance and frequent side effects. Today, medication selection in psychiatry relies on a trial-and-error approach based mainly on physicians’ experience. Pharmacogenetic testing can help in this process by determining the person-specific genetic factors that may predict clinical response and side effects associated with genetic variants that impact drug-metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters or drug targets .

Pharmacogenetics is a discipline that investigates genetic factors that affect the absorption, metabolism, and transport of drugs, thereby affecting therapy outcome. These genetic factors can, among other things, lead to differences in the activity of enzymes that metabolize drugs. Recent studies in depressed patients show that genotyping of drug-metabolizing enzymes can increase the effectiveness of treatment, which could benefit millions of patients worldwide.

Keywords

pharmacogenomicspharmacogeneticsmetabolizer statusphenotypedosing guidelinespharmacogenomicspharmacogeneticsmetabolizer statusphenotypedosing guidelines
Type
Chapter
Information
Clinical Textbook of Mood Disorders , pp. 251 - 262
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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