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Chapter 24 - Perfusion MR imaging in adult neoplasia

from Section 3 - Adult neoplasia

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2013

By
Meng Law
Edited by
Jonathan H. Gillard ,
Adam D. Waldman  and
Peter B. Barker
Jonathan H. Gillard
Affiliation:
University of Cambridge
Adam D. Waldman
Affiliation:
Imperial College London
Peter B. Barker
Affiliation:
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
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Summary

Introduction

Perfusion MR imaging is able to characterize brain tumor biology and other central nervous system (CNS) disorders through the underlying pathological and physiological changes that occur with tumor vasculature. Although the biology underlying brain tumor angiogenesis and vascular recruitment, along with the feedback loop with tumor hypoxia and necrosis, is extremely complex, there are some aspects of tumor physiology that can be quantified using perfusion MR imaging. In particular, some perfusion metrics can be used as surrogate markers of tumor angiogenesis and vascular permeability. Previous chapters describe the various techniques available for acquiring perfusion MRI data. The two most common techniques currently used in both clinical and research settings are T1-weighted steady-state dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) and T2*-weighted dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI (DSC-MRI). The advantages and disadvantages of each technique for characterizing tumor biology will be discussed; however-DSC-MRI is in more widespread use.

The effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)/vascular permeability factor and other growth factors on vascular permeability have been under investigation since Folkman first described the association between tumoral growth and angiogenesis.[1] Recent evidence suggests that vascular permeability and the presence of VEGF are important mediators of tumor growth in addition to angiogenesis.[2–5] Perfusion MRI can now measure parameters such as cerebral blood volume (CBV) and vascular permeability, which can be directly correlated with these histopathological changes as well as molecular markers such as VEGF.[6–9]

Type
Chapter
Information
Clinical MR Neuroimaging
Physiological and Functional Techniques
 , pp. 341 - 368
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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