Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-m6dg7 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-03T08:52:06.360Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Sources

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 July 2010

John Gerring
Affiliation:
Boston University
Strom C. Thacker
Affiliation:
Boston University
Get access

Summary

Image of the first page of this content. For PDF version, please use the ‘Save PDF’ preceeding this image.'
Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2008

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aberbach, Joel D., Putnam, Robert, and Rockman, Bert A., 1981. Bureaucrats and Politicians in Western Democracies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Aberbach, Joel D., and Rockman, Bert A.. 1991. “Mandates or Mandarins? Control and Discretion in the Modern Administrative State.” In Pfiffner, James P. (ed.), The Managerial Presidency (Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole), 162–74.Google Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron. 2005Constitutions, Politics, and Economics: A Review Essay on Persson and Tabellini's The Economic Effects of Constitutions.” Journal of Economic Literature 43:4 (December), 1025–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Acemoglu, Daron, Johnson, Simon., and Robinson, James A.. 2003. “An African Success Story: Botswana.” In Rodrik, Dani (ed.), In Search of Prosperity: Analytic Narratives on Economic Growth (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press), 80–122.Google Scholar
Achen, Christopher H., 2002Toward a New Political Methodology: Microfoundations and ART.” Annual Review of Political Science 5, 423–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ades, Alberto, and Di Tella, Rafael, 1999Rents, Competition and Corruption.” American Economic Review 89:4, 982–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Adetunji, Jacob Ayo. 1995. “Infant Mortality Levels in Africa: Does Method of Estimation Matter?” Working Paper Series Number 95.01, Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies (June).
Aghion, Philippe, Alesina, Alberto, and Trebbi, Francesco, 2004Endogenous Political Institutions.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 119:2 (May), 565–611.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aldrich, John H. 1995. Why Parties? The Origin and Transformation of Party Politics in America. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alesina, Alberto, Devleeschauwer, Arnaud, Easterly, William, Kurlat, Sergio, and Wacziarg, Romain, 2003Fractionalization.” Journal of Economic Growth 8:2, 155–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Alt, James E., and Shepsle, Kenneth A. (eds.), 1990. Perspectives on Positive Political Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Alvarez, Mike, Cheibub, Jose Antonio, Limongi, Fernando, and Przeworski, Adam. 1999. ACLP political and economic database and ACLP political and economic database codebook (May).
,American Political Science Association, 1950. Toward a More Responsible Two-Party System. New York: Holt, Rinehart.Google Scholar
Amorim Neto, Octávio, and Santos, Fabiano, 2001The Executive Connection: Presidentially-Defined Factions and Party Discipline in Brazil.” Party Politics 7:2, 213–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anand, Sudhir, and Ravallion, Martin, 1993Human Development in Poor Countries: On the Role of Private Incomes and Public Services.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 7:1 (Winter), 133–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andeweg, Rudy B., 1988Centrifugal Forces and Collective Decision Making: The Case of the Dutch Cabinet.” European Journal of Political Research 19, 125–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Andeweg, Rudy B., 2000Consociational Democracy.” Annual Review of Political Science 3, 509–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bac, Mehmet, 2001Corruption, Connections and Transparency.” Public Choice 107 (April), 87–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bachtiger, Andre, Sporndli, Markus, and Steiner, Jurg. 2002. “The Consociational Theory and Deliberative Politics: A Conceptual Framework for a Cross-National Analysis.” In Brooks, Stephen (ed.), Conflict and Compromise in Pluralist Democracies (Westport, CT: Praeger).
Bagehot, Walter. 1867/1963. The English Constitution. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Bailyn, Bernard. 1967. The Ideological Origins of the American Revolution. Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Bailyn, Bernard. 1968. The Origins of American Politics. New York: Vintage Books.Google Scholar
Baldassare, Mark. 1998. When Government Fails: The Orange County Bankruptcy. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banfield, Edward C., 1975Corruption as a Feature of Governmental Organization.” Journal of Law and Economics 18:3, 587–605.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Banks, Arthur S. 1994. “Cross-National Time-Series Data Archive.” Center for Social Analysis, State University of New York at Binghamton. Binghamton, New York.
Barber, Kathleen L. 1995. Proportional Representation and Election Reform in Ohio. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.Google Scholar
Bardach, Eugene. 1977. The Implementation Game: What Happens after a Bill Becomes a Law. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Bardhan, Pranab, and Mookherjee, Dilip, 2000Capture and Governance at Local and National Levels.” American Economic Review 90:2 (May), 135–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barlow, Robin, and Vissandjee, Bilkis, 1999Determinants of National Life Expectancy.” Canadian Journal of Development Studies 20:1, 9–29.Google Scholar
Baron, David P., and Diermeier, Daniel 2001. “Elections, Governments, and Parliaments in Proportional Representation Systems.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 116:3, 933–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barro, Robert J., 1973The Control of Politicians: An Economic Model.” Public Choice 14, 19–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barro, Robert J., and Lee, Jong-Wha, 2000International Data on Educational Attainment: Updates and Implications.” Working Paper 7911. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Barry, Brian M., 1962 “The Use and Abuse of ‘The Public Interest.’” In Friedrich, Carl J. (ed.), Nomos V: The Public Interest (New York: Atherton), 191–204.Google Scholar
Barth, Fredrik. 1969. Ethnic Groups and Boundaries: The Social Organization of Cultural Differences. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Barzel, Yoram. 2002. A Theory of the State: Economic Rights, Legal Rights, and the Scope of the State. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bates, Robert H., Greif, Avner, Levi, Margaret, Rosenthal, Jean-Laurent, and Weingast, Barry, 1998. Analytic Narratives. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Baumol, William J. 1965. Welfare Economics and the Theory of the State. London: G. Bell and Sons.Google Scholar
Beck, Nathaniel, 2001Time-Series Cross-Section Data: What Have We Learned in the Last Few Years?Annual Review of Political Science 4, 271–93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, Nathaniel, and Katz, Jonathan N., 2001. “Throwing the Baby Out with the Bathwater: A Comment on Green, Kim, and Yoon.” International Organization 55: 2, 487–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, R. L., and Connolly, J. M., 1996Some Empirical Evidence on Rent-Seeking.” Public Choice 87:1–2, 19–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beck, Thorsten, Clarke, George, Groff, Alberto, Keefer, Philip, and Walsh, Patrick. 2000. “New Tools and New Tests in Comparative Political Economy: The Database of Political Institutions.” Policy Research Working Paper 2283. Washington: World Bank, Development Research Group. For further information, see: personal website, <http//www.worldbank.org/research/bios/pkeefer.htm>; research group website, <http//econ.worldbank.org>.
Becker, Gary S., 1968Crime and Punishment: An Economic Approach.” Journal of Political Economy 76 (March–April), 169–217.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, Gary S. 1976. The Economic Approach to Human Behavior. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Becker, Gary S., 1983A Theory of Competition among Pressure Groups for Political Influence.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 98, 371–400.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Becker, Gary S., and Stigler, George J., 1974Law Enforcement, Malfeasance, and the Compensation of Enforcers.” Journal of Legal Studies 3, 1–19.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beer, Samuel H. 1993. To Make a Nation: The Rediscovery of American Federalism. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Bellamy, Richard (ed.), 1996. Constitutionalism, Democracy and Sovereignty: American and European Perspectives. Aldershot, UK: Avebury.
Bellamy, Richard, and Castiglione, Dario (eds.), 1996. Constitutionalism in Transformation: European and Theoretical Perspectives. Oxford: Blackwell.
Belloni, Frank P., and Beller, Dennis C., (eds.), 1978. Faction Politics: Political Parties and Factionalism in Comparative Perspective. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-Clio Press.
Bensel, Richard Franklin. 1984. Sectionalism and American Political Development 1880–1980. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Bentley, Arthur. 1908/1967. The Process of Government. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Berggren, Niclas, Karlson, Nils, and Nergelius, Jokim (eds.), 2002. Why Constitutions Matter. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.
Bermeo, Nancy. 2004. “Conclusion: The Merits of Federalism.” In Amoretti, Ugo M. and Bermeo, Nancydr, (eds.), Federalism and Territorial Cleavages (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 457–82.Google Scholar
Bhagwati, Jagdish N., 1982Directly Unproductive, Profit-seeking (DUP) Activities.” Journal of Political Economy 90, 988–1002.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bhagwati, Jagdish N. 1998. A Stream of Windows. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Bhagwati, Jagdish N., Brecher, Richard A., and Srinivasan, T. N.. 1984. “DUP Activities and Economic Theory.” In Colander, David, (ed.), Neoclassical Political Economy: The Analysis of Rent-seeking and DUP Activities (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger), 17–32.Google Scholar
Bidani, Benu, and Ravallion, Martin, 1997Decomposing Social Indicators Using Distributional Data.” Journal of Econometrics 77, 125–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bilodeau, Antoine, and Blais, André. 2005. “Le vote obligatoire exerce-t-il un effet de socialisation politique?” Paper presented to the International Colloquium on Mandatory Voting, Institut d'Études Politiques de Lille, October 20–21.
Birchfield, Vicki, and Crepaz, Marcus L., 1998The Impact of Constitutional Structures and Collective and Competitive Veto Points: On Income Inequality in Industrialized Democracies.” European Journal of Political Research 34:2 (October), 175–200.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bird, Richard, and Vaillancourt, Francois (eds.), 1998. Fiscal Decentralization in Developing Countries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Blackstone, William. 1862. Commentaries on the Laws of England, Volume 1: Of the Rights of Persons, 3rd ed., ed. Kerr, Robert Malcolm.. London: John Murray.Google Scholar
Blanchard, Olivier, and Shleifer, Andrei. 2000. “Federalism with and without Political Centralization: China versus Russia.” NBER Working Paper 7616, National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
Blondel, Jean, and Manning, Nick, 2002Do Members of Government Do What They Say? Ministerial Unreliability, Collegial and Hierarchical Governments.” Political Studies 50:3, 455–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blondel, Jean, and Muller-Rommel, Ferdinand (eds.), 1993. Governing Together: The Extent and Limits of Joint Decision Making in Western European Cabinets. New York: St. Martin's.CrossRef
Blondel, Jean, and Muller-Rommel, Ferdinand, 1997. Cabinets in Western Europe. Houndsmiths, Basingstoke: Palgrave.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bogaards, Matthijs, 2000The Uneasy Relationship between Empirical and Normative Types in Consociational Theory.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 12:4, 395–423.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bohman, James. 1996. Public Deliberation: Pluralism, Complexity, and Democracy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Bohn, David E., 1980Consociational Democracy and the Case of Switzerland.” Journal of Politics 42, 165–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bollen, Kenneth A., 1993Liberal Democracy: Validity and Method Factors in Cross-National Measures.” American Journal of Political Science 37, 1207–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bos, Eduard, Vu, My, and Stephens, Patience 1992. “Sources of World Bank Estimates of Current Mortality Rates.” World Bank Working Paper Series 851. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
Bowler, Shaun, and Farrell, David, 1991Voter Behavior under STV-PR: Solving the Puzzle of the Irish Party System.” Political Behavior 13, 303–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bowler, Shaun, Farrell, David M., and Katz, Richard S. (eds.), 1999. Party Discipline and Parliamentary Government. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.
Bowler, Shaun, and Grofman, Bernard, (eds.), 2000. Elections in Australia, Ireland and Malta under the Single-Transferable Vote: Reflections on an Embedded Institution. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRef
Brancati, Dawn, 2006Decentralization: Fueling the Fire or Dampening the Flames of Ethnic Conflict?International Organization 60:3 (July), 651–85.Google Scholar
Brancati, Dawn, 2007The Origins of Regional Parties.” British Journal of Political Science (forthcoming).Google Scholar
Braun, Dietmar. 1999. “Interests or Ideas? An Overview of Ideational Concepts in Public Policy Research.” In Braun, Dietmar and Busch, Andreas (eds.), Public Policy and Political Ideas (Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar), 11–29.Google Scholar
Braun, Dietmar, Buillinger, Anne-Beatrice, and Walti, Sonja, 2002The Influence of Federalism on Fiscal Policy Making.” European Journal of Political Research 41:1 (January), 115–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brautigam, Deborah, 1997Institutions, Economic Reform, and Democratic Consolidation in Mauritius.” Comparative Politics 30:1 (October), 45–62.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brennan, H. Geoffrey, and Buchanan, James M., 1985/2000. The Reason of Rules: Constitutional Political Economy. Republished in The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan, vol. 10. Indianapolis: Liberty Fund.Google Scholar
Brennan, H. Geoffrey, and Hamlin, Alan, 1994A Revisionist View of the Separation of Powers.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 6:3 (July), 345–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breton, Albert. 1996. Competitive Governments: An Economic Theory of Politics and Public Finance. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Brewer, John. 1976. Party Ideology and Popular Politics at the Accession of George III. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brown, Michael E. 2000. “The Causes of Internal Conflict: An Overview.” In Brown, Michael E., Cote, Jr. Owen R., Lynn-Jones, Sean M., and Miller, Steven E. (eds.), Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), 3–25.Google Scholar
Bryce, James. 1905. Constitutions. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Buchanan, James M. 1980. “Reform in the Rent-Seeking Society.” In Buchanan, James M., Tollison, Robert, and Tullock, Gordon (eds.), Toward a Theory of the Rent-Seeking Society (College Station: Texas A& M University Press), 359–67.Google Scholar
Buchanan, James M. 2002. “Why Do Constitutions Matter?” In Berggren, Niclas, Karlson, Nils, and Nergelius, Jokim (eds.), Why Constitutions Matter (New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction), 1–16.Google Scholar
Buchanan, James M., and Musgrave, Richard A., 1999. Public Finance and Public Choice: Two Contrasting Visions of the State. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Buchanan, James M., Tollison, Robert, and Tullock, Gordon (eds.), 1980. Toward a Theory of the Rent-Seeking Society. College Station: Texas A&M University Press.
Buchanan, James M., and Tullock, Gordon, 1962. The Calculus of Consent: Logical Foundations of Constitutional Democracy. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bunce, Valerie. 2004. “Federalism, Nationalism, and Secession.” In Amoretti, Ugo M., and Bermeo, Nancy (eds.), Federalism and Territorial Cleavages (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 417–40.Google Scholar
Bunce, Valerie. 2005. “Promoting Democracy in Divided Societies.” Unpublished manuscript.
Bunce, Valerie, and Watts, Stephen. 2005. “Managing Diversity and Sustaining Democracy: Ethnofederal versus Unitary States in the Postsocialist World.” In Roeder, Philip and Rothchild, Donald, (eds.), Sustainable Peace: Democracy and Power-dividing Institutions after Civil Wars (Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press), 133–58.Google Scholar
Burki, Shahid Javed, Perry, Guillermo E., and Dillinger, William, 1999. Beyond the Center: Decentralizing the State. Washington, DC: World Bank.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Burns, James McGregor. 1963. The Deadlock of Democracy. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Cairns, Alain C. 1988. Constitution, Government, and Society in Canada. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.Google Scholar
Caldwell, John C., 1986Routes to Low Mortality in Poor Countries.” Population and Development Review 12:2 (June), 171–220.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, Colin. 1983. Governments under Stress: Political Executives and Key Bureaucrats in Washington, London and Ottawa. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.Google Scholar
Canning, David, and Fay, Marianne. 1993. “The Effect of Transportation Networks on Economic Growth.” Discussion Paper Series, Columbia University, Department of Economics.
Carey, John M. 2002. “Getting Their Way, or Getting in the Way? Presidents and Party Unity in Legislative Voting.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, MA (August).
Carey, John M., and Shugart, Matthew Soberg, 1995Incentives to Cultivate a Personal Vote: A Rank Ordering of Electoral Formulas.” Electoral Studies 14:4, 417–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carlsson, Sten. 1987. “From Four Estates to Two Chambers: The Riksdag in a Period of Transition, 1809–1921.” In Metcalf, Michael F., (ed.), The Riksdag: A History of the Swedish Parliament (New York: St. Martin's), 165–222.Google Scholar
Carroll, Barbara Wake, and Carroll, Terrance, 1997State and Ethnicity in Botswana and Mauritius: A Democratic Route to Development?Journal of Development Studies 33:4, 464–86.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carroll, Barbara Wake, and Jaypaul, S. K., 1993The Mauritian Senior Public Service since Independence: Some Lessons for Developing and Developed Nations.” International Review of Administrative Sciences 59:3, 423–40.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Carstairs, A. M. 1980. A Short History of Electoral Systems in Western Europe. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Casper, Gerhard, 1989An Essay in Separation of Powers: Some Early Versions and Practices.” William and Mary Law Review 30, 260–1.Google Scholar
Castles, Francis G., Lehner, Franz, and Schmidt, Manfred G. et al. (eds.), 1988. The Future of Party Government. Volume III: Managing Mixed Economies. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Castles, Frances G., and Wildenmann, Rudolf (eds.), 1986. The Future of Party Government. Volume I: Visions and Realities of Party Government. Berlin: de Gruyter.CrossRef
Chambers, Simone, 2003Deliberative Democratic Theory.” Annual Review of Political Science 6, 307–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chandler, William. 1987. “Federalism and Political Parties.” In Bakvis, Herman and Chandler, William M. (eds.), Federalism and the Role of the State (Toronto: University of Toronto Press), 149–70.Google Scholar
Charlton, Roger, 1991Bureaucrats and Politicians in Botswana's Policy Making Process.” Journal of Commonwealth and Comparative Politics 29:3, 265–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheibub, José Antonio, 1998Political Regimes and the Extractive Capacity of Governments: Taxation in Democracies and Dictatorships.” World Politics 50:3 (April), 349–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cheibub, José Antonio, 2007. Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, and Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Chhibber, Pradeep K. 1999. Democracy without Associations: Transformation of the Party System and Social Cleavages in India. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Church, Clive H., 2000Switzerland: A Paradigm in Evolution.” Parliamentary Affairs 53:1 (January), 96–113.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Citrin, Jack, and Green, Donald Philip, 1990The Self-Interest Motive in American Public Opinion.” Research in Micropolitics 3, 1–27.Google Scholar
Cohen, Frank S., 1997Proportional versus Majoritarian Ethnic Conflict Management in Democracies.” Comparative Political Studies 30:5, 607–30.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Joshua, and Sabel, Charles, 1997Directly-Deliberative Polyarchy.” European Law Journal 3:4 (December), 313–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Colander, David (ed.), 1984. Neoclassical Political Economy: The Analysis of Rent-seeking and DUP Activities. Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
Collier, Paul, 2001Ethnic Diversity: An Economic Analysis.” Economic Policy 32 (April), 129–66.Google Scholar
Collier, Ruth Berins, and Collier, David, 1991. Shaping the Political Arena: Critical Junctures, the Labor Movement, and Regime Dynamics in Latin America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Colm, Gerhard. 1962. “The Public Interest: Essential Key to Public Policy.” In Friedrich, Carl J. (ed.), Nomos V: The Public Interest (New York: Atherton), 115–28.Google Scholar
Colomer, Josep Maria. 2001. Political Institutions: Democracy and Social Choice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Commons, John R. 1907. Proportional Representation, 2nd ed. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Congleton, Roger D., and Swedenborg, Birgita (eds.), 2006. Democratic Constitutional Design and Public Policy: Analysis and Evidence. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Coppedge, Michael. 1994. Strong Parties and Lame Ducks: Presidential Partyarchy and Factionalism in Venezuela. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Cornelius, Wayne A., Eisenstadt, Todd A., and Hindley, Jane (eds.), 1999. Subnational Politics and Democratization in Mexico. La Jolla, CA: Center for U.S-Mexican Studies, University of California, San Diego.
Cornell, Svante E, 2002Autonomy as a Source of Conflict: Caucasian Conflicts in Theoretical Perspective.” World Politics 54 (January), 245–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, Gary W. 1987. The Efficient Secret: The Cabinet and the Development of Political Parties in Victorian England. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, Gary W. 1990Centripetal and Centrifugal Incentives in Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 34, 903–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cox, Gary W., and McCubbins, Mathew D., 1993. Legislative Leviathan: Party Government in the House. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Cox, Gary W., and Shugart, Matthew Soberg, 1996Strategic Voting under Proportional Representation.” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 12:2, 299–324.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crabb, Cecil Van Meter, 1992. Invitation to Struggle: Congress, the President, and Foreign Policy. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly.Google Scholar
Cremieux, P. Y., Ouellette, P., and Pilon, C., 1999Health Care Spending as Determinants of Health Outcomes.” Health Economics 8:7 (November), 627–39.3.0.CO;2-8>CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepaz, Markus M. L., 1996Consensus vs. Majoritarian Democracy: Political Institutions and Their Impact on Macroeconomic Performance and Industrial Disputes.” Comparative Political Studies 29:1 (February), 4–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepaz, Marcus M. L., 1998Inclusion versus Exclusion: Political Institutions and Welfare Expenditures.” Comparative Politics 31:1, 61–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepaz, Marcus M. L., and Birchfield, Vicki. 2000. “Global Economics, Local Politics: Lijphart's Theory of Consensus Democracy and the Politics of Inclusion.” In Crepaz, Markus M. L., Koelble, Thomas A., and Wilsford, David (eds.), Democracy and Institutions: The Life Work of Arend Lijphart (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press), 197–224.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crepaz, Markus M. L., Koelble, Thomas A., and Wilsford, David (eds.), 2000. Democracy and Institutions: The Life Work of Arend Lijphart. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRef
Crepaz, Markus M. L., and Moser, Ann, 2002The Impact of Collective and Competitive Veto Points on Redistribution in the Global Age.” School of Public and International Affairs, University of Georgia.Google Scholar
Crepaz, Markus M.L., and Moser, Ann, 2004. “The Impact of Collective and Competitive Veto Points on Public Expenditures in the Global Age.” Comparative Political Studies 37:3, 259–85.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cronin, Thomas E. 1975. “‘Everybody Believes in Democracy until He Gets to the White House …’: An Examination of White House–Departmental Relations.” In Wildavsky, Aaron, (ed.), Perspectives on the Presidency (Boston: Little, Brown), 362–92.Google Scholar
Crozier, Michael J., Huntington, Samuel P., and Watanuki, Joji, 1975. The Crisis of Democracy. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Daalder, Hans. 1974. “The Consociational Democracy Theme.” World Politics 26, 604–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dahl, Robert A. 1956. Preface to Democratic Theory. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Dahl, Robert A. 1961. Who Governs? Democracy and Power in an American City. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Dahl, Robert A. 1967. Pluralist Democracy in the United States. Chicago: Rand McNally.Google Scholar
Davis, J. Rufus. 1978. The Federal Principle: A Journey through Time in Quest of Meaning. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Haan, Jakob, Sturm, Jan-Egbert, and Beekhuis, Geert, 1999The Weak Government Thesis: Some New Evidence.” Public Choice 101:3–4 (December), 163–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Delury, George E. (ed.), 1999. World Encyclopedia of Political Systems and Parties, 3 vols. New York: Facts on File.
Dent, Martin, 2000Nigeria: Federalism and Ethnic Rivalry.” Parliamentary Affairs 53:1 (January), 157–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Derbyshire, J. Denis, and Derbyshire, Ian, 1996. Political Systems of the World. New York: St. Martin's.Google Scholar
Dewey, John. 1938. Logic: The Theory of Inquiry. New York: Henry Holt.Google Scholar
Diamond, Larry. 1999. Developing Democracy: Toward Consolidation. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Dikshit, Ramesh Dutta. 1975. The Political Geography of Federalism: An Inquiry into Origins and Stability. Delhi: Macmillan Company of India.Google Scholar
Dimitrov, Martin. 2003. “Federalism and the Enforcement of Intellectual Property Rights (IPR) Laws.” Unpublished manuscript, Stanford University.
Dogan, Mattei (ed.), 1975. The Mandarins of Western Europe: The Political Role of Top Civil Servants. New York: Wiley.
Dominguez, Jorge. 1998. Democratic Politics in Latin America and the Caribbean. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Downs, Anthony. 1957. An Economic Theory of Democracy. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
Dreze, Jean, and Sen, Amartya, 1989. Hunger and Public Action. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Droop, Henry Richmond, 1869 “On the Political and Social Effects of Different Methods of Electing Representatives.” Pamphlets on the History of England in the 19th Century 50.
du Toit, Pierre, 1995. State Building and Democracy in Southern Africa: Botswana, Zimbabwe, and South Africa. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace.Google Scholar
Easterly, William, and Levine, Ross, 1997Africa's Growth Tragedy: Policies and Ethnic Divisions.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 112, 1203–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eaton, Kent, 2000Parliamentarism versus Presidentialism in the Policy Arena.” Comparative Politics 32:3 (October), 355–76.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eaton, Kent. 2002. Politicians and Economic Reform in New Democracies. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.Google Scholar
Eaton, Kent. 2006. “Menem and the Governors: Intergovernmental Relations in the 1990s.” In Levitsky, Steven and Murillo, M. Victoria (eds.), Argentine Democracy: The Politics of Institutional Weakness (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press).Google Scholar
Economist, The. 2002 “Finance and Economics: Thirteen into One Won't Go; Canada's Securities Markets.” July 13: 69.
Economist, The, 2003 “A Survey of Brazil: Fixing the Finances.” Februrary 22: 6–13.
Edwards, Sebastian, 1989Trade Orientation, Distortions and Growth in Developing Countries.” Journal of Development Economics 39:1, 31–57.Google Scholar
Elazar, Daniel J. 1972. American Federalism: A View from the States, 2d ed. New York: Crowell.Google Scholar
Elazar, Daniel J. (ed.), 1991. Federal Systems of the World: A Handbook of Federal, Confederal and Autonomy Arrangements. Detroit: Gale Research.
Elbadawi, Ibrahim, and Sambanis, Nicholas. 2000. “Why Are There So Many Civil Wars in Africa? Understanding and Preventing Violent Conflict.” Journal of African Economies 9:3, 244–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elgie, Robert, 1997Models of Executive Politics: A Framework for the Study of Executive Power Relations in Parliamentary and Semi-presidential Regimes.” Political Studies 45, 217–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Elgie, Robert (ed.), 1999. Semi-presidentialism in Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Elster, Jon (ed.), 1998. Deliberative Democracy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Epstein, Leon D., 1964A Comparative Study of Canadian Parties.” American Political Science Review 58, 46–59.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, Leon D. 1967/1980. Political Parties in Western Democracies. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction.Google Scholar
Esman, Milton J. 1993. Ethnic Politics. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Evans, Gord, and Manning, Nick. 2002. “Helping Governments Keep Their Promises: Making Ministers and Governments More Reliable through Improved Policy Management.” Unpublished manuscript.
Evans, Peter B., Rueschemeyer, Dietrich, and Skocpol, Theda (eds.), 1985. Bringing the State Back In. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Farrell, David M. 2001. Electoral Systems: A Comparative Introduction. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave.Google Scholar
Feigenbaum, Harvey, Samuels, Richard, and Weaver, R. Kent. 1993. “Innovation, Coordination, and Implementation in Energy Policy.” In Weaver, R. Kent and Rockman, Bert A. (eds.), Do Institutions Matter? Government Capabilities in the United States and Abroad (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution), 42–43.Google Scholar
Feldman, Stanley, 1982Economic Self-Interest and Political Behavior.” American Journal of Political Science 26:3 (August), 446–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferejohn, John, Rakove, Jack N., and Riley, Jonathan (eds.), 2001. Constitutional Culture and Democratic Rule. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Filmer, Deon, Hammer, Jeffrey S., and Pritchett, Lant H., 2000Weak Links in the Chain: A Diagnosis of Health Policies in Poor Countries.” World Bank Research Observer 15:2 (August), 199–224.CrossRef
Filmer, Deon, and Pritchett, Lant, 1999The Impact of Public Spending on Health: Does Money Matter?Social Science and Medicine 49:10 (November), 1309–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Finer, Samuel E. (ed.), 1975. Adversary Politics and Electoral Reform. London: Anthony Wigram.
Finer, Samuel E., Bogdanor, Vernon, and Rudden, Bernard, 1995. Comparing Constitutions. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Fiorina, Morris. 1977. Congress: Keystone of the Washington Establishment. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Fiorina, Morris, 1980The Decline of Collective Responsibility in American Politics.” Daedalus 109:3, 25–46.Google Scholar
Fisher, Louis. 1985. Constitutional Conflicts between Congress and the President. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Fishkin, James S. 1991. Democracy and Deliberation: New Directions for Democratic Reform. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Fisman, Raymond, and Gatti, Roberta, 2002Decentralization and Corruption: Evidence across Countries.” Journal of Public Economics 83:3 (March), 325–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Foord, Archibald. 1964. His Majesty's Opposition, 1714–1830. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Ford, Henry Jones. 1898/1967. The Rise and Growth of American Politics. New York: Da Capo.Google Scholar
Ford, Henry Jones. 1904/1974. “Municipal Corruption: A Comment on Lincoln Steffens.” In Gardiner, John A. and Olson, David J., (eds.), Theft of the City: Readings on Corruption in Urban America (Bloomington: Indiana University Press), 396–408.Google Scholar
Forrest, Alan. 1988. “Federalism.” In Lucas, Colin (ed.), The French Revolution and the Creation of Modern Political Culture. Volume 2: The Political Culture of the French Revolution (Oxford: Pergamon Press), 309–28.Google Scholar
Frankel, Jeffrey A., and Romer, David, 1999Does Trade Cause Growth?American Economic Review 89:3, 379–98.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Franks, C. E. S., 1987. The Parliament of Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freeden, Michael. 1978. The New Liberalism: An Ideology of Social Reform. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Freedman, David A, 1991Statistical Models and Shoe Leather.” Sociological Methodology 21, 291–313.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Friedman, Milton. 1962/1982. Capitalism and Freedom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Fung, Archon, 2005Deliberation before the Revolution: Toward an Ethics of Deliberative Democracy in an Unjust World.” Political Theory 33:2 (June), 397–419.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Galanter, Marc. 1984. Competing Equalities: Law and the Backward Classes in India. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Gallagher, Michael. 1988. “Conclusion.” In Gallagher, Michael and Marsh, Michael (eds.), Candidate Selection in Comparative Perspective: The Secret Garden of Politics (London: Sage), 236–83.Google Scholar
Galston, William. 2002. Liberal Pluralism: The Implications of Value Pluralism for Political Theory and Practice. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gastil, Raymond D. (ed.). [Various years]. Freedom in the World. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.
Geddes, Barbara, and Benton, Allyson. 1997. “Federalism and Party System.” Paper prepared for the conference The Transformation of Argentina: Democratic Consolidation, Economic Reforms and Institutional Design, Universidad de San Andres.
Gerring, John, 1997Ideology: A Definitional Analysis.” Political Research Quarterly 50:4 (December), 957–94.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John. 1998. Party Ideologies in America, 1828–1996. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John. 2001. Social Science Methodology: A Criterial Framework. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John, 2004What Is a Case Study and What Is It Good For?American Political Science Review 98:2 (May), 341–54.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John, 2005Minor Parties in Plurality Electoral Systems.” Party Politics 11:1, 79–107.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John. 2007. Case Study Research: Principles and Practices. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Gerring, John, Bond, Philip, Barndt, William, and Moreno, Carola, 2005Democracy and Growth: A Historical Perspective.” World Politics 57:3 (April), 323–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John, and Thacker, Strom C., 2004Political Institutions and Corruption: The Role of Unitarism and Parliamentarism.” British Journal of Political Science 34:2 (April), 295–330.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gerring, John, and Thacker, Strom C.. 2006. “Do Neoliberal Policies Kill or Save Lives?” Unpublished manuscript, Boston University.
Gerring, John, Thacker, Strom C., and Alfaro, Rodrigo. 2006. “Democracy and Human Development.” Unpublished manuscript, Boston University.
Gerring, John, Thacker, Strom C., and Moreno, Carola, 2005Centripetal Democratic Governance: A Theory and Global Inquiry.” American Political Science Review 99:4 (November), 567–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gewirth, Alan. 1978. Reason and Morality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Ghai, Dharam (ed.), 2000. Social Development and Public Policy: Some Lessons from Successful Experiences. London: St. Martin's.CrossRef
Gibson, Edward L., 1997The Populist Road to Market Reform: Policy and Electoral Coalitions in Mexico and Argentina.” World Politics 49 (April), 339–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goel, Rajeev K. and Nelson, Michael A., 1998Corruption and Government Size: A Disaggregated Analysis.” Public Choice 97, 107–120.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golden, Marissa Martino. 2000. What Motivates Bureaucrats?New York: Columbia University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Golden, Miriam A., and Chang, Eric C. C., 2000Competitive Corruption: Factional Conflict and Political Malfeasance in Postwar Italian Christian Democracy.” World Politics 53:4 (July), 588–622.Google Scholar
Golder, Matt, 2005Democratic Electoral Systems around the World, 1946–2000.” Electoral Studies 24, 103–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goldstein, Judith, and Keohane, Robert O. (eds.), 1993. Ideas and Foreign Policy: Beliefs, Institutions, and Political Change. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Good, Kenneth, 1994Corruption and Mismanagement in Botswana: A Best-Case Example?Journal of Modern African Studies 32, 499–521.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodin, Robert E., 1996Institutionalizing the Public Interest: The Defense of Deadlock and Beyond.” American Political Science Review 90:2 (June), 331–43.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goodnow, Frank J. 1900. Politics and Administration. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Gordon, Scott. 1999. Controlling the State: Constitutionalism from Ancient Athens to Today. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Green, Donald P., and Shapiro, Ian, 1994. Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory: A Critique of Applications in Political Science. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Grey-Johnson, Crispin, 1994Capacity Building, Strengthening, and Retention for Socio-economic Development in Africa: Lessons from Mauritius and Madagascar.” African Journal of Public Administration and Management 3:2.Google Scholar
Grofman, Bernard, Lee, Sung-Chull, and Winckler, Edwin A. (eds.), 1999. Elections in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan under the Single Non-Transferable Vote: The Comparative Study of an Embedded Institution. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRef
Gunn, J. A. W., 1969. Politics and the Public Interest in the Seventeenth Century. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
Gunther, Richard, and Mughan, Anthony.. 1993. “Political Institutions and Cleavage Managemen.” In Weaver, R. Kent and Rockman, Bert A. (eds.), Do Institutions Matter? Government Capabilities in the United States and Abroad (Washington, DC: Brookings Institution), 272–302.Google Scholar
Gurr, Ted Robert. 2000. Peoples versus States: Minorities at Risk in the New Century. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace Press.Google Scholar
Gwyn, W. B. 1965. Meaning of the Separation of Powers: An Analysis of the Doctrine from Its Origin to the Adoption of the United States Constitution. New Orleans: Tulane University Press.Google Scholar
Habermas, Jurgen. 1984. The Theory of Communicative Action. Boston: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Hackett, Steven, Schlager, Edella, and Walker, James M., 1994The Role of Communication in Resolving Commons Dilemmas: Experimental Evidence with Heterogeneous Appropriators.” Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 27, 99–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haggard, Stephan, and McCubbins, Mathew D., (eds.), 2001. Presidents, Parliaments, and Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Halpern, Sue M., 1986The Disorderly Universe of Consociational Democracy.” West European Politics 9, 161–97.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Halstead, Scott B., Walsh, Julia A., and Warren, Kenneth S. (eds.), 1985. Good Health at Low Cost: A Conference Report. New York: The Rockefeller Foundation.Google Scholar
Hamilton, Alexander, Madison, James, and Jay, John, 1787–88/1992. The Federalist, ed. Brock, William R.. London: Everyman/J. M. Dent.Google Scholar
Hammond, Thomas H., and Miller, Gary J., 1987The Core of the Constitution.” American Political Science Review 81, 1155–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hardgrave, Robert, 1994. “India: The Dilemmas of Diversity.” In Diamond, Larry and Plattner, Marc F. (eds.), Nationalism, Ethnic Conflict and Democracy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 71–85.Google Scholar
Hardin, Charles M. 1989. Constitutional Reform in America: Essays on the Separation of Powers. Ames: Iowa State University Press.Google Scholar
Hardin, Russell. 1982. Collective Action. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Hardin, Russell. 1997. “Economic Theories of the State.” In Mueller, Dennis C. (ed.), Perspectives on Public Choice: A Handbook (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 21–34.Google Scholar
Hardin, Russell. 1999. Liberalism, Constitutionalism, and Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harrison, Brian. 1996. The Transformation of British Politics, 1860–1995. New York: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hart, Jenifer. 1992. Proportional Representation: Critics of the British Electoral System, 1820–1945. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Haspel, Moshe, Remington, Thomas F., and Smith, Steven S., 1998Electoral Institutions and Party Cohesion in the Russian Duma.” Journal of Politics 60, 417–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hayek, Friedrich A. 1944. The Road to Serfdom. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Healey, John. 1995. “Multi-party Electoral Politics: Comparative Experience and Conclusions.” In Healey, John and Tordoff, William, (eds.), Votes and Budgets: Comparative Studies in Accountable Governance in the South (Houndsmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Macmillan), 237–55.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heclo, Hugh. 1974. Modern Social Policies in Britain and Sweden: From Relief to Income Maintenance. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Heclo, Hugh. 1977. A Government of Strangers: Executive Politics in Washington. Washington, DC: Brookings.Google Scholar
Heclo, Hugh. 1986. “The Political Foundations of Antipoverty Policy.” In Danziger, Sheldon H. and Weinberg, Daniel H. (eds.), Fighting Poverty: What Works and What Doesn't (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press), 312–40.Google Scholar
Hedstrom, Peter, and Swedberg, Richard (eds.), 1998. Social Mechanisms: An Analytical Approach to Social Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Heitshusen, Valerie, Young, Garry, and Wood, David M.. 2002. “MP Constituency Activity in Westminster-Style Parliaments: Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, and the UK.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, August– September.
Henisz, Witold J., 2000The Institutional Environment for Economic Growth.” Economics and Politics 12:1, 1–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Henisz, Witold J., 2002The Institutional Environment for Infrastructure Investment.” Industrial and Corporate Change 11:2, 355–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Herring, Pendleton. 1940. The Politics of Democracy: American Parties in Action. New York:Norton.Google Scholar
Hess, Stephen. 1976. Organizing the Presidency. Washington, DC: Brookings.Google Scholar
Heston, Alan, Summers, Robert, and Aten, Bettina, 2002. Penn World Tables Version 6.1. Center for International Comparisons at the University of Pennsylvania (CICUP).
Hewitt de Alcantara, Cynthia, 1998Uses and Abuses of the Concept of Governance.” International Social Science Journal 50:155 (March), 105–13.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hicken, Allen D., and Kasuya, Yuko, 2001A Guide to the Constitutional Structures and Electoral Systems of East, South, and Southeast Asia.” Electoral Studies 22, 121–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, Kenneth, 1991Approaches in the Measurement of Childhood Mortality: A Comparative Review.” Population Index 57:3 (Fall), 368–82.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hill, Kenneth, Pande, Rohini, Mahy, Mary, and Jones, Gareth, 1999. Trends in Child Mortality in the Developing World: 1960 to 1996. New York: UNICEF.Google Scholar
Hine, David, 1982Factionalism in West European Parties: A Framework for Analysis.” West European Politics 5, 36–52.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirst, Paul Q. (ed.), 1989. The Pluralist Theory of the State: Selected Writings of G. D. H. Cole, J. N. Figgis, and H. J. Laski. New York: Routledge.
Hojnacki, William P. 1996. “Politicization as a Civil Service Dilemma.” In Bekke, Hans A. G. M. et al. (eds.), Civil Service Systems in Comparative Perspective (Bloomington: Indiana University Press), 137–64.Google Scholar
Holm, John D., 1994Botswana: One African Success Story.” Current History 93:583 (May), 198–202.Google Scholar
Holm, John D. 2000. “Curbing Corruption through Democratic Accountability: Lessons from Botswana.” In Hope, Sr. Ronald Kepme, and Chikulo, Bornwell C., (eds.), Corruption and Development in Africa (Houndsmills, Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan), 288–304.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Holm, John D., and Molutsi, Patrick (eds.), 1989. Democracy in Botswana. Athens: Ohio University Press.
Holsey, Cheryl M., and Borcherding, Thomas E.. 1997. “Why Does Government's Share of National Income Grow? An Assessment of the Recent Literature on the U.S Experience.” In Mueller, Dennis C. (ed.), Perspectives on Public Choice: A Handbook (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 562–90.Google Scholar
Horowitz, Donald L. 1985. Ethnic Groups in Conflict. Berkeley:University of California Press.Google Scholar
Horowitz, Donald L. 1991. A Democratic South Africa? Constitutional Engineering in a Divided Society. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Huber, Evelyne. 1995. “Assessments of State Strength.” In Smith, Peter H. (ed.), Latin America in Comparative Perspective: New Approaches to Methods and Analysis (Boulder, CO: Westview), 163–194.Google Scholar
Humphreys, Macartan, 2005Natural Resources, Conflict, and Conflict Resolution: Uncovering the Mechanisms.” Journal of Conflict Resolution 49:4, 508–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huntington, Samuel P. 1968. Political Order in Changing Societies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Huntington, Samuel P. 1981. American Politics: The Promise of Disharmony. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Huther, Jeff, and Shah, Anwar, 1998 “Applying a Simple Measure of Good Governance to the Debate on Fiscal Decentralization.” World Bank Operations Evaluation Department Policy Research Working Paper No. 1894. Washington, DC: World Bank.
Immergut, Ellen M. 1992. Health Politics: Interests and Institutions in Western Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
International Year Book and Statesmen's Who's Who, 48th ed. 2001. East Grinstead, West Sussex, UK: Bowker, Saur.
Janda, Kenneth. 1992. “The American Constitutional Framework and the Structure of American Political Parties.” In Nardulli, Peter F. (ed.), The Constitution and American Political Development: An Institutional Perspective (Urbana: University of Illinois Press), 179–206.Google Scholar
Jasanoff, Sheila. 1997. “American Exceptionalism and the Political Acknowledgement of Risk.” In Burger, Edward (ed.), Risk (Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press), 61–82.Google Scholar
Jasper, James M. 1990. Nuclear Politics: Energy and the State in the United States, Sweden, and France. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jervis, Robert. 1997. System Effects: Complexity in Political and Social Life. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Jochem, Sven. 2003. “Veto Players or Veto Points? The Politics of Welfare State Reforms in Europe.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Philadelphia (August).
Johnstone, Patrick. 1993. Operation World. Grand Rapids, MI: Zondervan.Google Scholar
Jones, Charles I, 1997On the Evolution of the World Income Distribution.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 11:3 (Summer), 19–36.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jones, Mark P. 1995. Electoral Laws and the Survival of Presidential Democracies. Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Mark P., Sanguinetti, Pablo, and Tommasi, Mariano, 2000Politics, Institutions and Fiscal Performance in a Federal System: An Analysis of the Argentine Provinces.” Journal of Development Economics 61:2, 305–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kagan, Robert A. 1995. “Adversarial Legalism and American Government.” In Landy, Marc K. and Levin, Martin A. (eds.), The New Politics of Public Policy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 88–120.Google Scholar
Kagan, Robert A. 2001. Adversarial Legalism: The American Way of Law. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Kagan, Robert A., and Axelrad, Lee. 1997. “Adversarial Legalism: An International Perspective.” In Nivola, Pietro S. (ed.), Comparative Disadvantages? Social Regulations and the Global Economy (Washington, DC: Brookings), 146–81.Google Scholar
Karvonen, Lauri, 2004Preferential Voting.” International Political Science Review 25:2, 203–26.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katz, Richard S. 1980. A Theory of Parties and Electoral Systems. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Katz, Richard S, 1986 “Intraparty Preference Voting.” In Grofman, Bernard and Lijphart, Arend (eds.), Electoral Laws and Their Political Consequences (New York: Agathon Press), 85–103.Google Scholar
Katz, Richard S. (ed.), 1987. The Future of Party Government. Volume I: Party Governments: European and American Experiences. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
Katz, Richard S., and Mair, Peter (eds.), 1992. Party Organizations: A Data Handbook. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Katz, Richard S., and Mair, Peter, 1995Changing Models of Party Organization and Party Democracy: The Emergence of the Cartel Party.” Party Politics 1:1, 5–28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Katzenstein, Peter J. (ed.), 1978. Between Power and Plenty: Foreign Economic Policies of Advanced Industrial States. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Kaufman, Chaim, 1996Possible and Impossible Solutions to Ethnic Civil Wars.” International Security 20:4, 133–75.Google Scholar
Keefer, Philip, and Stasavage, David, 2002Checks and Balances, Private Information, and the Credibility of Monetary Commitments.” International Organization 56:4 (Autumn), 751–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kelman, Steven. 1981. Regulating America, Regulating Sweden: A Comparative Study of Occupational Safety and Health Policy. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kelman, Steven. 1990. Procurement and Public Management: The Fear of Discretion and the Quality of Government Performance. Washington, DC: AEI Press.Google Scholar
Keman, Hans (ed.), 1997. Politics of Problem-Solving in Postwar Democracies: Institutionalizing Conflict and Consensus. Basingstoke, Hampshire, UK: Palgrave.CrossRef
Key, V. O., 1949. Southern Politics in State and Nation. New York: Vintage.
Khan, Mushtaq. 2000. “Rents, Efficiency, and Growth.” In Khan, Mushtaq H. and Jomo, K.S. (eds.), Rents, Rent-Seeking and Economic Development (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 21–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Khan, Mushtaq H., and Jomo, K.S. (eds.), 2000. Rents, Rent-Seeking and Economic Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Kim, Kwangkee, and Moody, Philip M., 1992More Resources Better Health? A Cross-National Perspective.” Social Science and Medicine 34:8 (April), 837–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
King, Anthony (ed.), 1983. Both Ends of the Avenue. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute.
Kingdon, John W. 1993. “Politicians, Self-Interest, and Ideas.” In Marcus, George E. and Hanson, Russell L. (eds.), Reconsidering the Democratic Public (University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press), 73–89.Google Scholar
Kitschelt, Herbert, 2000Citizens, Politicians, and Party Cartelization: Political Representation and State Failure in Post-industrial Democracies.” European Journal of Political Research 37:2 (March), 149–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kittel, Bernhard, 2006A Crazy Methodology? On the Limits of Macroquantitative Social Science Research.” International Sociology 21, 647–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Knack, Stephen, and Keefer, Philip, 1995Institutions and Economic Performance: Cross-Country Tests Using Alternative Institutional Measures.” Economics and Politics 7:3, 207–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kramnick, Isaac. 1968. Bolingbroke and His Circle: The Politics of Nostalgia in the Age of Walpole. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Krasner, Stephen D. 1978. Defending the National Interest: Raw Materials Investments and U.S Foreign Policy. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Krause, George A. 1999. A Two-Way Street: The Institutional Dynamics of the Modern Administrative State. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Krueger, Anne O, 1974The Political Economy of the Rent-Seeking Society.” The American Economic Review 64:3 (June), 291–303.Google Scholar
Krueger, Anne O, 1997Trade Policy and Economic Development: How We Learn.” American Economic Review 87:1, 1–22.Google Scholar
Kymlicka, Will. 1998. “Is Federalism a Viable Alternative to Secessionism?” In Lehning, Percy B. (ed.), Theories of Secession (New York: Routledge), 111–50.Google Scholar
Lake, David A., and Baum, Matthew A., 2001The Invisible Hand of Democracy: Political Control and the Provision of Public Services.” Comparative Political Studies 34:6 (August), 587–621.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lake, David A., and Rothchild, Donald. 1997. “Containing Fear: The Origins and Management of Ethnic Conflict.” In Brown, Michael E., Cote, Jr. Owen R., Lynn-Jones, Sean M., and Miller, Steven E. (eds.) Nationalism and Ethnic Conflict (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), 126–62.Google Scholar
Lal, Brij V., and Larmour, Peter (eds.), 1997. Electoral Systems in Divided Societies: The Fiji Constitution Review. Canberra: National Centre for Development Studies, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University.
Lambsdorff, Johann Graf, 2002Corruption and Rent-Seeking.” Public Choice 113, 97–125.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lancaster, Thomas D, 1986Electoral Structures and Pork Barrel Politics.” International Political Science Review 7 (January), 67–81.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lande, Carl H. 1965. Leaders, Factions and Parties: The Structure of Philippine Politics. Monograph Series No. 6. New Haven, CT: Yale University Southeast Asian Studies.Google Scholar
Laski, Harold J. 1917. Studies in the Problem of Sovereignty. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Laski, Harold J. 1919. Authority in the Modern State. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Laski, Harold J. 1921. Foundations of Sovereignty and Other Essays. New York: Harcourt, Brace.Google Scholar
Laver, Michael, and Shepsle, Kenneth A. (eds.), 1994. Cabinet Ministers and Parliamentary Government. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lawson, Chappell, and Thacker, Strom C.. 2003. “Democracy? In Iraq?” Hoover Digest no. 3: 24–33.
Grand, Julian, 1991The Theory of Government Failure.” British Journal of Political Science 21, 423–42.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leff, Carol Skalnik, 1999Democratization and Disintegration in Multi-national States: The Breakup of the Communist Federations.” World Politics 51:2, 205–35.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lehmbruch, Gerhard, 1993Consociational Democracy and Corporatism in Switzerland.” Publius: The Journal of Federalism 23 (Spring), 43–60.Google Scholar
Levi, Margaret. 1988. Of Rule and Revenue. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Levi, Margaret. 1997. Consent, Dissent and Patriotism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levitsky, Steven. 2003. Transforming Labor-Based Parties in Latin America: Argentine Peronism in Comparative Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Levy, Leonard W. 1988. Original Intent and the Framers' Constitution. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Lewin, Leif. 1991. Self-Interest and Public Interest in Western Politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lieberman, Evan S, 2002Taxation Data as Indicators of State-Society Relations: Possibilities and Pitfalls in Cross-National Research.” Studies in Comparative International Development 36:4 (Winter), 89–115.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1968. The Politics of Accommodation: Pluralism and Democracy in the Netherlands. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1977. Democracy in Plural Societies. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1984a. “A Note on the Meaning of Cabinet Durability: A Conceptual and Empirical Evaluation.” Comparative Political Studies 17:2, 265–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1984b. Democracies: Patterns of Majoritarian and Consensus Government in Twenty-One Countries. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lijphart, Arend. 1999. Patterns of Democracy: Government Forms and Performance in Thirty-Six Countries. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Lijphart, Arend (ed.), 1992. Parliamentary versus Presidential Government. New York: Oxford University Press.
Linz, Juan, 1990The Perils of Presidentialism.” Journal of Democracy 1, 51–69.Google Scholar
Linz, Juan. 1994. “Presidential or Parliamentary Democracy: Does It Make a Difference?” In Linz, Juan J. and Valenzuela, Arturo (eds.), The Failure of Presidential Democracy (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 3–90.Google Scholar
Linz, Juan J., and Stepan, Alfred (eds.), 1978. The Breakdown of Democratic Regimes: Crisis, Breakdown, and Reequilibration. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Lippmann, Walter. 1955. The Public Philosophy. New York: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Lowell, A. Lawrence. 1889. Essays on Government. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Lowi, Theodore. 1969. The End of Liberalism. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Lustick, Ian S, 1979Stability in Deeply Divided Societies: Consociationalism versus Control.” World Politics 31:3 (April), 325–44.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lustick, Ian S, 1997Lijphart, Lakatos, and Consociationalism.” World Politics 50, 88–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Luther, Kurt Richard, and Deschouwer, Kris (eds.), 1999. Party Elites in Divided Societies: Political Parties in Consociational Democracy. London: Routledge.CrossRef
MacIntyre, Andrew. 2003. Power of Institutions: Political Architecture and Governance. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Mackintosh, John P. 1962. The British Cabinet, 2nd ed. London: Methuen.Google Scholar
Madison, James. 1973. The Mind of the Founder: Sources of the Political Thought of James Madison, ed. Meyers, Marvin. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.Google Scholar
Mainwaring, Scott P., and Samuels, David, 2004. “Strong Federalism, Constraints on the Central Government, and Economic Reform in Democratic Brazil.” In Gibson, Edward L. (ed.), Federalism and Democracy in Latin America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 85–130.Google Scholar
Mainwaring, Scott, and Scully, Timothy (eds.), 1995. Building Democratic Institutions: Party Systems in Latin America. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Mainwaring, Scott P., and Shugart, Matthew J. (eds.), 1997. Presidentialism and Democracy in Latin America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Manning, Nick, Barma, Naazneen, Blondel, Jean, Pilichowski, Elsa, and Wright, Vincent, 1999. Strategic Decisionmaking in Cabinet Government: Institutional Underpinnings and Obstacles. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
Mansbridge, Jane. 1983. Beyond Adversarial Democracy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Mansbridge, Jane (ed.), 1990. Beyond Self-Interest. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Marshall, Geoffrey. 1971. Constitutional Theory. Oxford: Clarendon Press.Google Scholar
Marshall, Monty. 1999. “Major Armed Conflicts and Conflict Regions, 1946–1997.” Dataset from CIDCM, University of Maryland. Obtained via the State Failure Task Force dataset, <http://gking.harvard.edu/data.shtml>, accessed April 25, 2005.
Marshall, Monty G., and Jaggers, Keith. 2002. “Polity IV Dataset Project: Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 1800–1999.” <http://www.bsos.umd.edu/cidcm/polity>.
Martiniello, Marco, 1997 “The Dilemma of Separation versus Union: The New Dynamics of Nationalist Politics in Belgium.” In Wicker, H. R. (ed.), Rethinking Nationalism and Ethnicity: The Struggle for Meaning and Order in Europe. Oxford: Berg, 287–302.Google Scholar
Massicote, Louis, and Blais, Andre, 1999Mixed Electoral Systems: A Conceptual and Empirical Survey.” Electoral Studies 18:3 (September), 341–66.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mathur, Raj. 1997a. “Parliamentary Representation of Minority Communities: The Mauritian Experience.” Africa Today 44:1 (January–March), 61–82.Google Scholar
Mathur, Raj. 1997b. “Party Cooperation and the Electoral System in Mauritius.” In Lal, Brij V. and Larmour, Peter (eds.), Electoral Systems in Divided Societies: The Fiji Constitution Review (Canberra: National Centre for Development Studies, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University), 135–46.Google Scholar
McConnell, Grant. 1966. Private Power and American Democracy. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
McGarry, John, and O'Leary, Brendan (eds.), 1993. The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation. London: Routledge.
McGuire, James W. “Politics, Policy, and Mortality Decline in East Asia and Latin America.” Unpublished manuscript, Department of Government, Wesleyan University.
McHenry, Dean E. 1997. “Federalism in Africa: Is It a Solution to, or a Cause of, Ethnic Problems?” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the African Studies Association, Columbus, OH (November).
McKeown, Thomas. 1967. The Role of Medicine: Dream, Mirage or Nemesis. London: Nuffield Hospitals Trust.Google Scholar
McRae, K. D. (ed.), 1974. Consociational Democracy: Political Accommodation in Segmented Societies. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.CrossRef
Mecham, R. Quinn, 2004From the Ashes of Virtue, a Promise of Light: The Transformation of Political Islam in Turkey.” Third World Quarterly 25:2 (March), 339–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Meerman, Jacob. 1979. Public Expenditure in Malaysia: Who Benefits and Why. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mehrotra, S., and Jolly, Richard (eds.), 1997. Development with a Human Face: Experiences in Social Achievement and Economic Growth. Oxford: Clarendon.
Merriam, Charles E. 1900. History of the Theory of Sovereignty since Rousseau. New York: Columbia University Press.Google Scholar
Mill, John Stuart. 1865/1958. Considerations on Representative Government, 3d ed., ed. Shields, Curren V.. Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill.Google Scholar
Mitchell, J., and Seyd, B.. 1999. “Fragmentation in the Party and Political System.” In Hazell, R. (ed.), Constitutional Futures (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 86–110.Google Scholar
Moe, Terry M. 1989. “The Politics of Bureaucratic Structure.” In Chubb, John E. and Peterson, Paul E. (eds.), Can the Government Govern? (Washington, DC: Brookings), 267–329.Google Scholar
Moe, Terry M. 1990a. “Political Institutions: The Neglected Side of the Story.” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 6, 213–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Moe, Terry M. 1990b. “The Politics of Structural Choice: Towards a Theory of Public Bureaucracy.” In Williamson, Oliver (ed.), Organization Theory: From Chester Barnard to the Present and Beyond (New York: Oxford University Press), 116–53Google Scholar
Moe, Terry M. 1991. “The Politicized Presidency.” In Pfiffner, James P. (ed.), The Managerial Presidency (Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole), 135–57.Google Scholar
Moe, Terry M., and Caldwell, Michael 1994The Institutional Foundations of Democratic Government: A Comparison of Presidential and Parliamentary Systems.” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 150, 171–95.Google Scholar
Mogi, Sobei. 1931. The Problem of Federalism, 2 vols. London: Allen and Unwin.Google Scholar
Moon, Bruce E. 1991. The Political Economy of Basic Human Needs. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Moreno, Erika, Crisp, Brian F., and Shugart, Matthew Soberg.. 2003. “The Accountability Deficit in Latin America.” In Mainwaring, Scott and Welna, Christopher (eds.), Democratic Accountability in Latin America (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 79–131.Google Scholar
Moser, Robert G. 2001. Unexpected Outcomes: Electoral Systems, Political Parties, and Representation in Russia. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.Google Scholar
Ram, Mudambi, Navarra, Petro, and Sobbrio, Giuseppe (eds.), 2001. Rules and Reason: Perspectives on Constitutional Political Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Mueller, Dennis C. 1996. Constitutional Democracy. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Mueller Dennis, C. (ed.), 1997. Perspectives on Public Choice: A Handbook. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Muhuri, Pradip K, 1995Health Programs, Maternal Education, and Differential Child Mortality in Matlab, Bangladesh.” Population and Development Review 21:4 (December), 813–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muller, Wolfgang C, 2000Political Parties in Parliamentary Democracies: Making Delegation and Accountability Work.” European Journal of Political Research 37, 309–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Murphy, Kevin M., Shleifer, Andrei, and Vishny, Robert W., 1993Why Is Rent-Seeking So Costly to Growth?American Economic Review 83:2, 409–14.Google Scholar
Musgrave, Richard A., and Peacock, Alan T. (eds.), 1958. Classics in the Theory of Public Finance. London: Macmillan.CrossRef
Musgrove, Philip. 1996. “Public and Private Roles in Health: Theory and Financing Patterns.” World Bank Discussion Paper No. 339. Washington, DC: World Bank.Google Scholar
Myrdal, Gunnar. 1968. Asian Drama: An Inquiry into the Poverty of Nations, 3 vols. New York: Pantheon.Google Scholar
Nathan, Richard P. 1983. The Administrative Presidency. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Neustadt, Richard E. 1980. Presidential Power: The Politics of Leadership from FDR to Carter. New York: Wiley.Google Scholar
Newey, Whitney K., and West, Kenneth D., 1987A Simple, Positive Semi-Definite, Heteroskedasticity and Autocorrelation Consistent Covariance Matrix.” Econometrica 55:3 (May), 703–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Niskanen, William. 1971. Bureaucracy and Representative Government. Chicago: Aldine.Google Scholar
Niskanen, William. 1994. Bureaucracy and Public Economics. Aldershot, UK: Edward Elgar.Google Scholar
Nohlen, Dieter, Grotz, Florian, and Harmann, Christof (eds.), 2002. Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook, 2 vols. New York: Oxford University Press.
Nohlen, Dieter, Krennerich, Michael, and Thibaut, Berhard (eds.), 1999. Elections in Africa: A Data Handbook. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Noiret, Serge (ed.), 1990. Political Strategies and Electoral Reforms: Origins of Voting Systems in Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Baden-Baden: Nomos.
Noll, Roger G., and Rosenbluth, Frances M.. 1995. “Telecommunications Policy: Structure, Process, Outcomes.” In Cowhey, Peter F. and McCubbins, Mathew D. (eds.), Structure and Policy in Japan and the United States (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 119–76.Google Scholar
Nordlinger, Eric. 1972. Conflict Regulation in Divided Societies. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Center for International Affairs.Google Scholar
Norris, Pippa. 2002. “Ballots Not Bullets: Testing Consociational Theories of Ethnic Conflict, Electoral Systems and Democratization.” In Reynolds, Andrew (ed.), The Architecture of Democracy (New York: Oxford University Press), 206–47.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Norris, Pippa. 2004. Electoral Engineering: Voting Rules and Political Behavior. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
North, Douglass C. 1981. Structure and Change in Economic History. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
North, Douglass C, 1993Institutions and Credible Commitment.” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 149:1, 11–23.Google Scholar
North, Douglass C., and Weingast, Barry R., 1989Constitutions and Commitment: The Evolution of Institutions Governing Public Choice in Seventeenth-Century England.” Journal of Economic History 49, 803–32.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nousiainen, Jaakko, 1988Bureaucratic Tradition, Semi-Presidential Rule and Parliamentary Government: The Case of Finland.” European Journal of Political Research 16 (March), 229–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nousiainen, Jaakko, 2001From Semi-Presidentialism to Parliamentary Government: Political and Constitutional Developments in Finland.” Scandinavian Political Studies 24, 95–109.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ockey, James, 1994Political Parties, Factions, and Corruption in Thailand.” Modern Asian Studies 28:2, 251–77.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O'Donnell, Guillermo. 1999. “Horizontal Accountability in New Democracies.” In Schedler, Andreas, Diamond, Larry, and Plattner, Marc F. (eds.), The Self-Restraining State: Power and Accountability in New Democracies (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner), 29–52.Google Scholar
O'Duffy, Brendan. 1993. “Containment or Regulation? The British Approach to Ethnic Conflict in Northern Ireland.” In McGarry, John and O'Leary, Brendan (eds.), The Politics of Ethnic Conflict Regulation (London: Routledge), 128–150.Google Scholar
O'Neill, Michael, 2000Belgium: Language, Ethnicity and Nationality.” Parliamentary Affairs 53:1 (January), 114–34.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oates, Wallace E. 1972. Fiscal Federalism. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich.Google Scholar
Oates, Wallace E, 1999An Essay on Fiscal Federalism.” Journal of Economic Literature 37:3, 1120–49.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Olson, Mancur. 1965. The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Goods. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Olson, Mancur. 1982. The Rise and Decline of Nations. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Olson, Mancur, 1986A Theory of the Incentives Facing Political Organizations: Neo-corporatism and the Hegemonic State.” International Political Science Review 7, 165–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ordeshook, Peter, 1996Russia's Party System: Is Russian Federalism Viable?Post-Soviet Affairs 12:3, 195–217.Google Scholar
Ostrom, Elinor, 1983A Public Choice Approach to Metropolitan Institutions: Structure, Incentives, and Performance.” Social Science Journal 20, 79–96.Google Scholar
Ostrom, Elinor. 1990. Governing the Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ostrom, Elinor, and Walker, James. 1997. “Neither Markets nor States: Linking Transformation Processes in Collective Action Arenas.” In Mueller, Dennis C. (ed.), Perspectives on Public Choice: A Handbook (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 35–72.Google Scholar
Ostrom, Vincent. 1973. The Intellectual Crisis of Public Administration. Tuscaloosa:University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar
Ozbudun, Ergun. 1970. Party Cohesion in Western Democracies: A Causal Analysis. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Page, Edward C., and Wright, Vincent (eds.), 2000. Bureaucratic Elites in Western European States. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Paine, Thomas. 1776/1953. “Common Sense.” In Common Sense and Other Political Writings (New York: Macmillan).Google Scholar
Palda, Filip, 1999Property Rights vs. Redistribution: Which Path to National Wealth?Public Choice 101:1–2, 129–45.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pascal, Blaise. 1958. Pascal's Pensees. New York: E. P. Dutton.Google Scholar
Patterson, Samuel C., and Mughan, Anthony (eds.), 1999. Senates: Bicameralism in the Contemporary World. Columbus: Ohio State University Press.
Patzelt, Werner J. 2000. “What Can an Individual MP Do in German Parliamentary Politics?” In Longley, Lawrence D. and Hazan, Reuven Y. (eds.), The Uneasy Relationships between Parliamentary Members and Leaders (London: Frank Cass), 23–52.Google Scholar
Peltzman, Sam, 1976Towards a More General Theory of Regulation.” Journal of Law and Economics 20, 322–40.Google Scholar
Pempel, T. J. (ed.). 1990. Uncommon Democracies: The One-Party Dominant Regimes. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
Penfold-Becerra, Michael. 2004. “Federalism and Institutional Change in Venezuela.” In Gibson, Edward L. (ed.), Federalism and Democracy in Latin America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 197–225.Google Scholar
Pennock, J. Roland, 1962Responsible Government, Separated Powers, and Special Interests: Agricultural Subsidies in Britain and America.” American Political Science Review 56 (September), 621–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Persson, Torsten, Roland, Gerard, and Tabellini, Guido, 1997Separation of Powers and Political Accountability.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 112, 1163–202.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Persson, Torsten, and Tabellini, Guido, 2003. The Economic Effects of Constitutions: What Do the Data Say?Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Peters, B. Guy. 1997. “The Separation of Powers in Parliamentary Systems.” In Mettenheim, Kurt (ed.), Presidential Institutions and Democratic Politics: Comparing Regional and National Contexts (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 67–83.Google Scholar
Peterson, Paul E., and Rom, Mark C., 1990. Welfare Magnets: A New Case for a National Standard. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.Google Scholar
Pierson, Paul. 2004. Politics in Time. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pitkin, Hanna Fenichel. 1967. The Concept of Representation. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Pocock, J. G. A, 1957/1987. The Ancient Constitution and the Feudal Law: A Study of English Historical Thought in the Seventeenth Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Pocock, J. G. A, 1975. The Machiavellian Moment: Florentine Political Thought and the Atlantic Republican Tradition. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Poikolainen, Kari, and Eskola, Juhani, 1988Health Services Resources and Their Relation to Mortality from Causes Amenable to Health Care: A Cross-National Study.” International Journal of Epidemiology 17, 86–9.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pole, J. R. 1966. Political Representation in England and the Origins of the American Republic. Berkeley: University of California Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Posner, Richard A, 1974Theories of Economic Regulation.” Bell Journal of Economics and Management 5:2, 335–58.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Powell, G. Bingham. 2000. Elections as Instruments of Democracy: Majoritarian and Proportional Visions. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Pressman, Jeffrey L., and Wildavsky, Aaron, 1973. Implementation. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Pritchett, Lant, and Summers, L. H., 1996Wealthier Is Healthier.” Journal of Human Resources 31:4 (Fall), 841–68.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Prud'homme, Remy, 1995The Dangers of Decentralization.” World Bank Research Observer 10:2 (August), 201–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Przeworski, Adam. 2003. States and Markets: A Primer in Political Economy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Rae, Nicol C. 1994. Southern Democrats. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ranis, Gustav, and Stewart, Frances, 2000Strategies for Success in Human Development.” Journal of Human Development 1:1, 49–70.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ranis, Gustav, Stewart, Frances, and Ramirez, Alejandro, 2000Economic Growth and Human Development.” World Development 28:2 (February), 197–219.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ranney, Austin. 1962. The Doctrine of Responsible Party Government: Its Origins and Present State. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.Google Scholar
Ranney, Austin. 1965. Pathways to Parliament: Candidate Selection in Britain. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.Google Scholar
Rasmusen, Eric, and Ramseyer, J. Mark, 1992Cheap Bribes and the Corruption Ban: A Coordination Game among Rational Legislators.” Public Choice 78, 305–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ravallion, Martin, 1997Good and Bad Growth: The Human Development Reports.” World Development 25, 631–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rawls, John. 1971. A Theory of Justice. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Ray, Amal. 1987. “Federalism and Political Development in India: Past Trends and Present Issues.” In Bose, Tarun Chandra (ed.), Indian Federalism: Problems and Issues (Calcutta: K. P. Bagchi).Google Scholar
Reilly, Ben. 2001. Democracy in Divided Societies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reiss, Julian. 2003. “Practice Ahead of Theory: Instrumental Variables, Natural Experiments and Inductivism in Econometrics.” Unpublished manuscript, Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, London School of Economics.
Remmer, Karen L., and Wibbels, Erik, 2000The Subnational Politics of Economic Adjustment: Provincial Politics and Fiscal Performance in Argentina.” Comparative Political Studies 33 (May), 419–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Reynolds, Andrew, and Reilly, Ben, 1997. The International IDEA Handbook of Electoral System Design. Stockholm: Information Services, International IDEA.Google Scholar
Rhodes, R. A. W., and Dunleavy, Patrick (eds.), 1995. Prime Minister: Cabinet and Core Executive. London: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRef
Riggs, Fred W. 1994. “Bureaucracy: A Profound Perplexity for Presidentialism.” In Farazmand, Ali (ed.), Handbook on Bureaucracy (New York: Marcel Dekker), 97–148.Google Scholar
Riggs, Fred W, 1997Presidentialism versus Parliamentarism: Implications for Representativeness and Legitimacy.” International Political Science Review 18:3, 253–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Riker, William H. 1964. Federalism: Origin, Operation, Significance. Boston: Little, Brown.Google Scholar
Riker, William H. 1982. Liberalism against Populism: A Confrontation between the Theory of Democracy and the Theory of Social Choice. San Francisco: W. H. Freeman.Google Scholar
Riley, James C. 2001. Rising Life Expectancy: A Global History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robbins, Caroline. 1959/1968. The Eighteenth-Century Commonwealthman: Studies in the Transmission, Development, and Circumstances of English Liberal Thought from the Restoration of Charles II until the War with the Thirteen Colonies. New York: Atheneum.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Robertson, David Brian, 1989The Bias of American Federalism: The Limits of Welfare-State Development in the Progressive Era.” Journal of Policy History 1:3, 261–91.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rockman, Bert A, 1981America's Departments of State: Irregular and Regular Syndromes of Policy Making.” American Political Science Review 75, 911–27.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rodden, Jonathan, and Eskeland, Gunnar S.. 2003. “Lessons and Conclusions.” In Rodden, Jonathan, Eskeland, Gunnar, and Litvack, Jennie (eds.), Fiscal Decentralization and the Challenge of Hard Budget Constraints (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), 431–66.Google Scholar
Rodden, Jonathan, Eskeland, Gunnar, and Litvack, Jennie (eds.), 2003. Fiscal Decentralization and the Challenge of Hard Budget Constraints. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Rodriguez, Francisco, and Rodrik, Dani. 2001. “Trade Policy and Economic Growth: A Skeptic's Guide to Cross-National Evidence.” In Bernanke, Ben and Rogoff, Ken (eds.), NBER Macroeconomics Annual 2000 (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press), 261–324.Google Scholar
Rodrik, Dani. 1997. Has Globalization Gone Too Far?Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics.Google Scholar
Rodrik, Dani. 1999. Making Openness Work: The New Global Economy and the Developing Countries. Washington, DC: The Overseas Development Council.Google Scholar
Roeder, Phillip G, 1991Soviet Federalism and Ethnic Mobilization.” World Politics 43:2, 196–232.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rogers, R. G., and Wofford, S., 1989Life Expectancy in Less Developed Countries: Socioeconomic Development or Public Health?Journal of Biosocial Science 21:2 (April), 245–52.Google Scholar
Rogowski, Ronald, 1987Trade and the Variety of Democratic Institutions.” International Organization 41:2 (Spring), 203–23.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Roller, Edeltraud. 2006. The Performance of Democracies: Political Institutions and Public Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ross, Marc Howard. 1993. The Culture of Conflict: Interpretations and Interests in Comparative Perspective. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rothstein, Bo, and Steinmo, Sven (eds.), 2002. Restructuring the Welfare State: Political Institutions and Policy Change. New York: Palgrave.CrossRef
Roubini, Nouriel, and Sachs, Jeffrey, 1989Government Spending and Budget Deficits in the Industrial Countries.” Economic Policy 8 (April), 100–32.Google Scholar
Rourke, Francis. 1991. “Presidentializing the Bureaucracy: From Kennedy to Reagan.” In Pfiffner, James P. (ed.), The Managerial Presidency (Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/Cole), 123–34.Google Scholar
Rubin, Jeffrey W, 1996Decentering the Regime: Culture and Regional Politics in Mexico.” Latin American Research Review 31, 85–126.Google Scholar
Rustow, Dankwart A. 1955. The Politics of Compromise: A Study of Parties and Cabinet Government in Sweden. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sachs, Jeffrey D., and Warner, Andrew, 1995Economic Reform and the Process of Global Integration.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 95:1, 1–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sagar, Ambuj D., and Najam, Adil, 1998The Human Development Index: A Critical Review.” Ecological Economics 25, 249–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Saideman, Stephen M., Lanoue, David J., Campenni, M., and Stanton, S., 2002Democratization, Political Institutions, and Ethnic Conflict: A Pooled Time-Series Analysis, 1985–1998.” Comparative Political Studies 35, 103–29.Google Scholar
Samuels, David J. 2000a. “Concurrent Elections, Discordant Results: Presidentialism, Federalism, and Governance in Brazil.” Comparative Politics 33:1 (October), 1–20.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuels, David J. 2000b. “The Gubernatorial Coattails Effect: Federalism and Congressional Elections in Brazil.” Journal of Politics 62:1 (February), 240–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuels, David J. 2003. Ambition, Federalism, and Legislative Politics in Brazil. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Samuels, David J. 2007. “Separation of Powers.” In Boix, Carles and Stokes, Susan (eds.), Oxford Handbook of Comparative Politics (Oxford: Oxford University Press), 703–26.Google Scholar
Samuels, Warren, and Mercuro, Nicholas. 1984. “A Critique of Rent-Seeking Theory.” In Colander, David (ed.), Neoclassical Political Economy: The Analysis of Rent-seeking and DUP Activities (Cambridge, MA: Ballinger), 55–70.Google Scholar
Samuelson, Paul A, 1954The Pure Theory of Public Expenditure.” Review of Economics and Statistics 36, 387–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sanyal, Bishwapriya, and Mukhija, Vinit, 2001Institutional Pluralism and Housing Delivery: A Case of Unforeseen Conflicts in Mumbai, India.” World Development 29:12 (December), 2043–57.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sartori, Giovanni. 1976. Parties and Party Systems: A Framework for Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sartori, Giovanni. 1987. The Theory of Democracy Revisited. Chatham, NJ: Chatham House.Google Scholar
Sartori, Giovanni. 1994. Comparative Constitutional Engineering: An Inquiry into Structures, Incentives and Outcomes. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Sawers, Larry. 1998. The Other Argentina: The Interior and National Development. Boulder, CO: Westview.Google Scholar
Schamis, Hector E. 2002. Re-Forming the State: The Politics of Privatization in Latin America and Europe. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schantz, Harvey L. 1996. “Sectionalism in Presidential Elections.” In Schantz, Harvey L. (ed.), American Presidential Elections: Process, Policy, and Political Change (Albany: State University of New York Press), 93–133.Google Scholar
Scharpf, Fritz W, 1988The Joint Decision Trap: Lessons from German Federalism and European Integration.” Public Administration 66 (Autumn), 239–78.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schattschneider, E. E. 1942. Party Government. New York: Rinehart.Google Scholar
Schattschneider, E. E. 1960. The Semi-Sovereign People. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.Google Scholar
Scheiber, Harry N, 1975Federalism and the American Economic Order, 1789–1910.” Law and Society Review 10 (Fall), 57–118.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schiavo-Campo, Salvatore, and Sundaram, Pachampet, 2001. To Serve and to Preserve: Improving Public Administration in a Competitive World. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank.Google Scholar
Schmidt, Steffen W., et al. (eds.), 1977. Friends, Followers, and Factions: A Reader in Political Clientelism. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Schneider, Ben Ross, 1993The Career Connection: A Comparative Analysis of Bureaucratic Preferences and Insulation.” Comparative Politics 25:3, 331–50.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schumpeter, Joseph A. 1942/1950. Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy, 3d ed. New York: Harper and Brothers.Google Scholar
Schwartz, Thomas, 1994Representation as Agency and the Pork Barrel Paradox.” Public Choice 78, 3–21.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scully, Gerald W, 1991Rent-seeking in U.S. Government Budgets, 1900–88.” Public Choice 70, 99–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scully, Gerald W. 1992. Constitutional Environments and Economic Growth. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sekhon, Jasjeet S, 2004Quality Meets Quantity: Case Studies, Conditional Probability and Counterfactuals.” Perspectives in Politics 2:2 (June), 281–93.Google Scholar
Selowsky, Marcelo. 1979. Who Benefits from Government Expenditure? A Case Study of Colombia. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Shalhope, Robert E, 1972Toward a Republican Synthesis: The Emergence of an Understanding of Republicanism in American Historiography.” William and Mary Quarterly 29:1 (January), 49–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shalhope, Robert E, 1982Republicanism and Early American Historiography.” William and Mary Quarterly 39:2 (April), 334–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shleifer, Andrei, and Vishny, Robert W., 1993Corruption.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 108:3 (August), 599–617.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shleifer, Andrei, and Vishny, Robert W., 1998. The Grabbing Hand: Government Pathologies and Their Cures. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Shugart, Matthew Soberg, and Carey, John M., 1992. Presidents and Assemblies: Constitutional Design and Electoral Dynamics. New York: Cambridge University Press.CrossRef
Shugart, Matthew Soberg, and Wattenberg, Martin P. (eds.), 2001. Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds?Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Shvetsova, Olga, 1999A Survey of Post-Communist Electoral Institutions, 1990–1998.” Electoral Studies 18, 397–409.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sikkink, Kathryn. 1991. Ideas and Institutions: Developmentalism in Brazil and Argentina. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Sisk, Timothy. 1995. Democratization in South Africa: The Elusive Social Contract. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Skach, Cindy. 2006. Borrowing Constitutional Designs: Constitutional Law in Weimar Germany and the French Fifth Republic. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Skocpol, Theda. 1985. “Bringing the State Back In: Strategies of Analysis in Current Research.” In Evans, Peter B., Rueschemeyer, Dietrichdr, and Skocpol, Theda (eds.), Bringing the State Back In (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press), 3–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Adam. 1776/1939. An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. New York: Modern Library.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Snyder, Jack L. 2000. From Voting to Violence: Democratization and Nationalist Conflict. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Snyder, Richard. 2001. Politics after Neoliberalism: Reregulation in Mexico. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Somide, Adegboyega. 2001. “Federalism, State Creation and Ethnic Management in Nigeria.” In Ojo, Bamidele A. (ed.), Problems and Prospects of Sustaining Democracy in Nigeria (Huntington, NY: Nova Science Publishers), 19–36.Google Scholar
Srinivasan, T. N, 1994Human Development: A New Paradigm or Reinvention of the Wheel?American Economic Review 84:2 (May), 238–43.Google Scholar
Srinivasan, T. N., and Bhagwati, Jagdish. 1999. “Outward-Orientation and Development: Are Revisionists Right?” Discussion Paper No. 806, Economic Growth Center, Yale University.
Steinberg, Jonathan. 1996. Why Switzerland?, 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinmo, Sven. 1993. Taxation and Democracy: Swedish, British and American Approaches to Financing the Modern State. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Steinmo, Sven, 2001 “Institutionalism.” In International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences, ed. Polsby, Nelson (London: Elsevier Science), 7554–8.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stepan, Alfred. 2004. “Toward a New Comparative Politics of Federalism, Multinationalism, and Democracy: Beyond Rikerian Federalism.” In Gibson, Edward L. (ed.), Federalism and Democracy in Latin America (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press), 29–84.Google Scholar
Stepan, Alfred, and Skach, Cindy, 1993Constitutional Frameworks and Democratic Consolidation: Parliamentarianism versus Presidentialism.” World Politics 46, 1–22.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stigler, George J, 1972Economic Competition and Political Competition.” Public Choice 13, 91–106.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoker, Laura, 1992Interests and Ethics in Politics.” American Political Science Review 86 (September), 369–80.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stoner-Weiss, Kathryn, 2001The Limited Reach of Russia's Party System: Under-Institutionalization in Dual Transitions.” Politics and Society 29:3 (September), 385–414.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Stratmann, Thomas, and Baur, Martin, 2002Plurality Rule, Proportional Representation, and the German Bundestag: How Incentives to Pork-Barrel Differ across Electoral Systems.” American Journal of Political Science 46:3 (July), 506–14.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strom, Kaare. 1990. Minority Government and Majority Rule. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Suberu, Rotimi T. 2001. Federalism and Ethnic Conflict in Nigeria. Washington, DC: United States Institute of Peace.Google Scholar
Suleiman, Ezra N. (ed.), 1984. Bureaucrats and Policy Making: A Comparative Overview. New York: Holmes and Meier.
Susskind, Lawrence, and Cruikshank, Jeffrey, 1987. Breaking the Impasse: Consensual Approaches to Resolving Public Disputes. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Susskind, Lawrence, McKearnan, Sarah, and Thomas-Larmer, Jennifer, 1999. The Consensus Building Handbook: A Comprehensive Guide to Reaching Agreement. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Taagepera, Rein, and Shugart, Matthew S., 1989. Seats and Votes: The Effects and Determinants of Electoral Systems. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Taras, Ray (ed.), 1997. Post-Communist Presidents. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Ter-Minassian, Teresa (ed.), 1997. Fiscal Federalism in Theory and Practice. Washington, DC: International Monetary Fund.
Thomas, John Clayton. 1975. The Decline of Ideology in Western Political Parties: A Study of Changing Policy Orientations. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Thomas, John Clayton, 1979The Changing Nature of Partisan Divisions in the West: Trends in Domestic Policy Orientations in Ten Party Systems.” European Journal of Political Research 7, 397–413.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tiebout, Charles M, 1956A Pure Theory of Local Government Expenditure.” Journal of Political Economy 64, 416–24.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tomkins, Adam. 2001. “Separations of Powers, Ancient and Modern.” Unpublished manuscript, St. Catherine's College, Oxford.
Treisman, Daniel S, 1999Russia's Tax Crisis: Explaining Falling Revenues in a Transitional Economy.” Economics and Politics 11, 145–69.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Treisman, Daniel S. 2003. “Political Decentralization: A Formal Analysis.” Unpublished manuscript, Princeton University.
Truman, David B. 1951. The Governmental Process. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Truman, David B. 1955. “Federalism and the Party System.” In MacMahon, Arthur W. (ed.), Federalism: Mature and Emergent (New York: Columbia University Press), 115–36.Google Scholar
Tsebelis, George, 1990Elite Interaction and Constitution Building in Consociational Societies.” Journal of Theoretical Politics 2:1, 5–29.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsebelis, George, 1995Decision Making in Political Systems: Veto Players in Presidentialism, Parliamentarism, Multicameralism and Multipartism.” British Journal of Political Science 25:3, 289–326.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsebelis, George, 2000Veto Players in Institutional Analysis.” Governance 13:4 (October), 441–74.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsebelis, George. 2002. Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tsebelis, George, and Money, Jeannette, 1997. Bicameralism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tullock, Gordon. 1980. “Rent Seeking as a Negative-Sum Game.” In Buchanan, James M., Tollison, Robert, and Tullock, Gordon (eds.), Toward a Theory of the Rent-Seeking Society (College Station: Texas A&M University Press), 16–38.Google Scholar
Turner, Frederick Jackson. 1932. Sections in American History. New York: Henry Holt.Google Scholar
,United Nations, 1991. Child Mortality in Developing Countries. New York: United Nations.Google Scholar
,United Nations. 1999. “Guidelines on Tracking Child and Maternal Mortality.” New York: United Nations Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs.Google Scholar
Urwin, Derek W. 1982. “Germany: From Geographical Expression to Regional Accommodation.” In Rokkan, Stein and Urwin, Derek (eds.), The Politics of Territorial Identity (Beverly Hills, CA: Sage), 165–250.Google Scholar
Vallin, Jacques, and Lopez, Alan D. (eds.), 1985. Health Policy, Social Policy, and Mortality Prospects. Liege: International Union for the Scientific Study of Population.
Walle, ,Dominique, , and Nead, Kimberly (eds.), 1995. Public Spending and the Poor: Theory and Evidence. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press/World Bank.
Vanhanen, Tatu. 1990. The Process of Democratization: A Comparative Study of 147 States, 1980–88. New York: Crane Russak.Google Scholar
Vanhanen, Tatu, 2000A New Dataset for Measuring Democracy, 1810–1998.” Journal of Peace Research 37:2, 251–65.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vengroff, Richard, 1994The Impact of Electoral Systems on the Transition to Democracy in Africa: The Case of Mali.” Electoral Studies 13, 29–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Vile, M. J. C, 1967/1998. Constitutionalism and the Separation of Powers. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund.Google Scholar
Vogel, David J. 1986. National Styles of Regulation. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Mettenheim, , Kurt, , (ed.). 1997. Presidential Institutions and Democratic Politics: Comparing Regional and National Contexts. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Wald, Kenneth D. 1987. Religion and Politics in the United States. New York: St Martin's.Google Scholar
Ward, Alan J. 1994. The Irish Constitutional Tradition: Responsible Government and Modern Ireland, 1782–1992. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press.Google Scholar
Ware, Alan. 1987. Citizens, Parties and the State. Cambridge, UK: Polity Press.Google Scholar
Watts, Ronald. 1997. Comparing Federal Systems in the 1990s. Montreal: McGill–Queen's University Press.Google Scholar
Weaver, R. Kent, and Rockman, Bert A. (eds.), 1993. Do Institutions Matter? Government Capabilities in the United States and Abroad. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
Weber, Max. 1978. Economy and Society: An Outline of Interpretive Sociology, 2 vols., ed. Roth, Guenther and Wittich, Claus. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Weingast, Barry R, 1993Constitutions as Governance Structures: The Political Foundations of Secure Markets.” Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics 149:1, 286–311.Google Scholar
Weingast, Barry R, 1995The Economic Role of Political Institutions: Market-Preserving Federalism and Economic Development.” Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 11:1, 1–31.Google Scholar
Weingast, Barry R, 2000A Comparative Theory of Federal Economic Performance.” APSA-CP: Newsletter of the Organized Section in Comparative Politics of the American Political Science Association 11:1 (Winter) 6–11.Google Scholar
Wennemo, Irene, 1993Infant Mortality, Public Policy, and Inequality: A Comparison of 18 Industrialised Countries.” Sociology of Health and Illness 15, 429–46.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Weyland, Kurt. 1996. Democracy without Equity: The Failures of Reform in Brazil. Pittsburgh: Pittsburgh University Press.Google Scholar
Weyland, Kurt. 2003. “‘Good Governance’ and Development: A Skeptical View.” Unpublished manuscript, Department of Political Science, University of Texas at Austin.
Wheare, K. C. 1963. Federal Government, 4th ed. London: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Whitaker, Reginald, 1987Between Patronage and Bureaucracy: Democratic Politics in Transition.” Journal of Canadian Studies 22, 55–71.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
White, Leonard D. 1955. Introduction to the Study of Public Administration. New York: Macmillan.Google Scholar
Wibbels, Erik, 2000Federalism and the Politics of Macroeconomic Policy and Performance.” American Journal of Political Science 44, 687–702.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Williamson, Oliver E. 1996. Mechanisms of Governance. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Wilson, Bradford P., and Schramm, Peter W. (eds.), 1994. Separation of Powers and Good Government. Lanham, MD: Rowman and Littlefield.
Wilson, James Q. 1989. Bureaucracy: What Government Agencies Do and Why They Do It. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Wilson, James Q. 1992. American Government: Institutions and Policies. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.Google Scholar
Wilson, John. 1983. “On the Dangers of Bickering in a Federal State: Some Reflections on the Failure of the National Party System.” In Kornberg, Allan and Clarke, Harold D. (eds.), Political Support in Canada: The Crisis Years (Durham, NC: Duke University Press), 171–224.Google Scholar
Wilson, Sven E., and Butler, Daniel M.. 2003. “Too Good to Be True? The Promise and Peril of Panel Data in Political Science.” Unpublished manuscript, Department of Political Science, Brigham Young University.
Wilson, Woodrow. 1879/1965. “Cabinet Government in the United States.” International Review 7 (August). Reprinted in The Political Thought of Woodrow Wilson, ed. E. David Cronon (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill), 29–53.
Wilson, Woodrow. 1885/1956. Congressional Government. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar
Wilson, Woodrow. 1887/1978. “The Study of Administration.” Political Science Quarterly 2:1 (June). Reprinted in Jay M. Shafritz and Albert C. Hyde (eds.), Classics of Public Administration (Oak Park, IL: Moore Publishing Company), 3–16.Google Scholar
Wittman, Donald A. 1995. The Myth of Democratic Failure: Why Political Institutions Are Efficient. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Wood, Gordon S. 1969. The Creation of the American Republic, 1776–1787. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Wooldridge, Jeffrey. 2002. Introductory Econometrics: A Modern Approach. Cincinnati, OH: South-Western College Publishers.Google Scholar
,World Bank, 2002. World Bank World Development Indicators 2002. CD-rom.
,World Bank. 2003a. World Bank World Development Indicators 2003. CD-rom.
,World Bank. 2003b. World Development Report 2003: Sustainable Development in a Dynamic World: Transforming Institutions, Growth, and Quality of Life. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Yee, Albert S, 1996The Effects of Ideas on Policies.” International Organization 50:1 (Winter), 69–111.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zartman, William I. 1995. “Introduction: Posing the Problem of State Collapse.” In Zartman, William I. (ed.), Collapsed States: The Disintegration and Restoration of Legitimate Authority (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner), 1–14.Google Scholar
Zuckerman, Alan. 1979. The Politics of Faction: Christian Democratic Rule in Italy. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

  • Sources
  • John Gerring, Boston University, Strom C. Thacker, Boston University
  • Book: A Centripetal Theory of Democratic Governance
  • Online publication: 06 July 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511756054.015
Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

  • Sources
  • John Gerring, Boston University, Strom C. Thacker, Boston University
  • Book: A Centripetal Theory of Democratic Governance
  • Online publication: 06 July 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511756054.015
Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

  • Sources
  • John Gerring, Boston University, Strom C. Thacker, Boston University
  • Book: A Centripetal Theory of Democratic Governance
  • Online publication: 06 July 2010
  • Chapter DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511756054.015
Available formats
×