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43 - Applications of Proteomics to Metastasis Diagnosis and Individualized Therapy

from PART II - CLINICAL RESEARCH

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 June 2012

By
Mariaelena Pierobon ,
Alessandra Luchini ,
Alessandra Silvestri ,
Virginia Espina ,
Emanuel F. Petricoin  and
Lance A. Liotta
Edited by
David Lyden ,
Danny R. Welch  and
Bethan Psaila
Mariaelena Pierobon
Affiliation:
George Mason University, United States
Alessandra Luchini
Affiliation:
George Mason University, United States
Alessandra Silvestri
Affiliation:
George Mason University, United States
Virginia Espina
Affiliation:
George Mason University, United States
Emanuel F. Petricoin
Affiliation:
George Mason University, United States
Lance A. Liotta
Affiliation:
George Mason University, United States
David Lyden
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
Danny R. Welch
Affiliation:
Weill Cornell Medical College, New York
Bethan Psaila
Affiliation:
Imperial College of Medicine, London
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Summary

APPLICATION OF PROTEOMICS AND NANOTECHNOLOGY TO CANCER BIOMARKER DISCOVERY: CLINICAL NEED VERSUS PHYSIOLOGIC ROADBLOCKS

Proteomics Has Potential to Address Need for Specific Cancer Biomarkers

Cancer is too often diagnosed and treated too late, when the tumor cells have already invaded and metastasized. At this stage, therapeutic modalities are limited in their success. Detecting cancers at their earliest stages, even in the premalignant state, means that current or future treatment modalities might have a higher likelihood of a true cure. For example, ovarian cancer is usually treated at an advanced stage. The resulting five-year survival rate is 35 percent to 40 percent for patients with late-stage disease who receive the best possible surgical and chemotherapeutic intervention. In contrast, if ovarian cancer is detected at an early stage, conventional therapy produces a high rate of five-year survival (95%) [1]. Thus, early detection, by itself, could have a profound effect on the successful treatment of this disease. A clinically useful biomarker for early cancer detection should be measurable in a readily accessible body fluid, such as serum [2], urine [3], or saliva [4]. Clinical proteomic methods are especially well suited to discovering such biomarkers [5]. Serum or plasma has been the preferred medium for discovery, because this fluid is a protein-rich information reservoir that contains the traces of what has been encountered by the blood during its constant perfusion and percolation throughout the tissues [6].

Type
Chapter
Information
Cancer Metastasis
Biologic Basis and Therapeutics
 , pp. 475 - 485
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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