New Zealand

doi:10.1017/CHO9781139017831.045

1.41 - New Zealand

from IV. - The Pacific

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 August 2014

Pamela Chester

Edited by

Colin Renfrew and

Paul Bahn

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Pamela Chester: Affiliation:
PIC Archaeology, Wellington
Colin Renfrew: Affiliation:
University of Cambridge

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Summary

Introduction

The cultural region of southern Polynesia is situated in the vast southwestern Pacific Ocean, a remote geographic region currently known as New Zealand. The New Zealand archipelago lies between 29° and 55° S latitude and 158° E to 176° W longitude. It is south of the Tropic of Capricorn, stretching from the northernmost group of islands, the subtropical Kermadec Islands, to the southernmost group, the subantarctic Auckland Islands (Map 1.41.1). Today the political domain of New Zealand also includes the tropical Pacific islands of Tokelau, Cook Islands and Niue, and the Antarctic Ross Dependency; these areas are not part of southern Polynesia and are not covered in this chapter.

New Zealand comprises two large landmasses of approximately equal size, totalling 268,680 km2, called North Island and South Island, Te-Ika-a-Māui (the fish of Māui) and Te Waka o Maui (the canoe of Māui) or Te Wai Pounamu (the waters of greenstone) respectively in Māori, and numerous significantly smaller landmasses. Māui refers to the pan-Polynesian demigod. One of the most common themes in myths involving Māui is that he fished up land from the underworld. In the Māori version of this myth, Māui fished up North Island (Taonui 2006). Stewart Island/Rakiura (1750 km2) is the third largest landmass, Te Punga o Te Waka a Māui (anchor stone of Māui’s canoe).

Type: Chapter
Information: The Cambridge World Prehistory , pp. 651 - 673

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/CHO9781139017831.045 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2014

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