from Part III - The Long Twelfth Century
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 16 January 2020
The period between the mid-eleventh and early fourteenth centuries witnessed seismic changes within Irish Church and society. From the middle of the eleventh century, reforming prelates, papal legates, and ecclesiastical synods sought to transform Irish Church structures, reinvigorating them along the lines of the Continental movement broadly known as the Gregorian reform. The Irish monastic presence on the Continent, already established from the sixth century onward, experienced a revival, and Irish monasteries in Germany and Italy acted as important conduits for the circulation of ideas, texts, and personnel. The Anglo-Norman incursion of 1169 initiated a period of rapid conquest, colonization, and consolidation that continued for just over a century. All of these developments had major consequences for Irish monastic and religious life.
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