Book contents
- The Cambridge History of Linguistics
- The Cambridge History of Linguistics
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations, Acronyms, Special Symbols, and Other Conventions
- Introduction
- Part I Ancient, Classical, and Medieval Periods
- Part II Renaissance to Late Nineteenth Century
- Part III Late Nineteenth-through Twentieth-Century Linguistics
- Part IIIA Late Nineteenth Century through the 1950s: Synchrony, Autonomy, and Structuralism
- Part IIIB 1960–2000: Formalism, Cognitivism, Language Use and Function, Interdisciplinarity
- 17 Chomsky and the Turn to Syntax, Including Alternative Approaches to Syntax
- 18 Functionalist Dimensions of Grammatical and Discourse Analysis
- 19 Semantics and Pragmatics
- 20 Language and Philosophy, from Frege to the Present
- 21 Lexicology and Lexicography
- 22 Generative Phonology: its Origins, its Principles, and its Successors
- 23 Phonetics and Experimental Phonology, c. 1950–2000
- 24 Historical and Universal-Typological Linguistics
- 25 Language and Society
- 26 Language and Anthropology
- 27 Language and Psychology, 1950–Present: A Brief Overview
- 28 Semiotics
- 29 Applied Linguistics
- References
- Index
23 - Phonetics and Experimental Phonology, c. 1950–2000
from Part IIIB - 1960–2000: Formalism, Cognitivism, Language Use and Function, Interdisciplinarity
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 20 July 2023
- The Cambridge History of Linguistics
- The Cambridge History of Linguistics
- Copyright page
- Dedication
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Abbreviations, Acronyms, Special Symbols, and Other Conventions
- Introduction
- Part I Ancient, Classical, and Medieval Periods
- Part II Renaissance to Late Nineteenth Century
- Part III Late Nineteenth-through Twentieth-Century Linguistics
- Part IIIA Late Nineteenth Century through the 1950s: Synchrony, Autonomy, and Structuralism
- Part IIIB 1960–2000: Formalism, Cognitivism, Language Use and Function, Interdisciplinarity
- 17 Chomsky and the Turn to Syntax, Including Alternative Approaches to Syntax
- 18 Functionalist Dimensions of Grammatical and Discourse Analysis
- 19 Semantics and Pragmatics
- 20 Language and Philosophy, from Frege to the Present
- 21 Lexicology and Lexicography
- 22 Generative Phonology: its Origins, its Principles, and its Successors
- 23 Phonetics and Experimental Phonology, c. 1950–2000
- 24 Historical and Universal-Typological Linguistics
- 25 Language and Society
- 26 Language and Anthropology
- 27 Language and Psychology, 1950–Present: A Brief Overview
- 28 Semiotics
- 29 Applied Linguistics
- References
- Index
Summary
This chapter first notes progress in finding ‘new’ sounds in languages and advances in (computer-related) instrumentation, which underpinned discoveries in phonetics and experimental phonology, 1950-2000, in three areas.
1. speech production, e.g., control of air-streams, phonation, articulation, hidden articulation (underarticulation), ‘covert contrast’, and co-articulation.
2. advances in speech acoustics, e.g., models of the relationship between articulation and the resulting sound (FFT, LPC, ‘Distinctive Regions and Modes Theory’).
3. new findings in speech perception:
a) context-sensitivity of perceptual cues;
b) categorical perception;
c) variability and the search for invariance, including the ‘quantal nature of speech’; the (connectionist) ‘Fuzzy Logical Model of Phoneme Identification’; models of speech recognition from acoustic data: LAFS (‘Lexical Access From Spectra’) and ‘TRACE’; exemplar-based approaches to phonology; the probabilistic turn in Laboratory Phonology; evidence of the importance of frequency effects and the lexical status of stimuli in perception; holistic models of speech perception, including the integration of multiple cues, which combine expectations with bottom-up acoustic processing; ‘the phoneme restoration effect’ with deleted phonemes; statistical, pattern-matching approach to speech perception; evidence that phonological representations may be rich in phonetic detail and memorized from experience.
Work of this sort might unite experimental/theoretical phonetics/phonology, in the 21st c.
Keywords
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Cambridge History of Linguistics , pp. 728 - 752Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2023