Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-586b7cd67f-t7fkt Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-24T18:31:04.904Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

5 - The han

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

Harold Bolitho
Affiliation:
Harvard University
John Whitney Hall
Affiliation:
Yale University, Connecticut
Get access

Summary

The han, or daimyo domains, covered some three-quarters of the total area of the Japanese islands. They presided over most of Japan's wealth and garnered most of its taxes. Under their control came the greater part of Japan's military forces, as at least three-quarters of the samurai class were in their service. For the majority of the common people, the only form of government they knew was provided by their han. Its borders, seldom if ever passed, formed the edge of their known world, and its officials were the only ones they could ever expect to see. The han gave the majority of Japanese their roads, their bridges, their laws, and their order. When villages quarreled over water supply or rights to forage in the mountains, it was the han that stepped in to separate them. When crops failed, the han doled out rations. Should a river burst its banks, then the responsibility for relief and restoration fell to the han.

This is not to say that those who lived in the han were not conscious of higher forms of authority. Above the han was the Tokugawa bakufu, presided over by a shogun from whom every daimyo, or han chief, derived his legitimacy. One step beyond that again stood the emperor and his court, powerless in fact but nevertheless the symbolic fount of all authority, even that of the bakufu itself. Yet to most people living in the han – the farmers, craftsmen, shopkeepers, servants, day laborers, and fishermen – shogun and emperor would have been little more than abstractions, dimly perceived and of no immediate relevance.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1991

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Aizu-Wakamatsu-shi, shuppan iinkai, ed., Aizu-Wakamatsu-shi (Aizu-Wakamatsu: Aizu-Wakamatsu-shi, 1967), vo. 9.
gakkai, Hoseishi, ed., Tokugawa kinreikō (hereafter cited as TKRK), II vols. (Tokyo: Sobunsha, 1958–61), vol. 4.
Kōen, Ikeda, Tokugawa jidai shi (Tokyo: Waseda daigaku shuppanbu, 1909)
Madoka, Kanai, ed., Dokai kōshuki (Tokyo: Jimbutsu ōraisha, 1967).
Mitsuyuki, Shindō, “Hansei kaikaku no kenkyū; - jōkamachi shōgyo no kiki o tsūjite mita Nakatsu han hōken kōzō no hōkai katei,” Keizai-gaku kenkyū 21 (1955)Google Scholar
Miura, Toshiaki. “Hamamatsu-han ryōiki no keisei to shukueki joseikin”. Chihōshi kenkyō 79 (1966).Google Scholar
Miyaji, Naokazu. “Hō taikō to Hōkoku daimyōjin”. In Miyaji Naokazu, Jingi to kokushi . Tokyo: Kokon shoin, 1926.Google Scholar
Mizuta, Norihisa and Arisaka, Takamichi, eds. Tominaga Nakamoto - Yamagata Bantō. Vol. 43 of Nihon shisō taikei. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1973.Google Scholar
Mogami, Takayoshi, ed. Haka no shūzoku. Vol. 4 of Sōsō bosei kenkyū shūsei. Tokyo: Meicho shuppan, 1979.Google Scholar
Moku, Kondō and Jun, Hiraoka, eds., Kuwana-shi shi, 2 vols. (Kuwana: Kuwana-shi kyōiku iinkai, 1959), vol. 1
Mototsugu, Kurita, Sōgō Nihonshi gaisetsu ge (Tokyo: Chubunkan, 1943).
Nagahara, Keiji, ed. Sengoku-ki no kenryoku to shakai. Tokyo: Tōkyō daigaku shuppankai, 1976.
Naitō, Akira. Edo no machi. 2 vols. Tokyo: Sōshisha, 1982.
Nakazawa, Morito and Mori, Kazuo. Nihon no kaimei shisō. Tokyo: Kinokuniya shoten, 1970.
Nihon, koten bungaku daijiten henshū iinkai, ed. Nihon koten bungaku daijiten. 6 vols. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1983–5.
Nihon, shiryō shūsei hensankai, ed. Chūgoku, Chōsen no shiseki ni okeru Nihon shiryō shūsei: Min jitsuroku no bu; Richō jitsuroku no bu; Seishi no bu. Tokyo: Kokusho kankōkai, 1975.
Ōishi, Shinzaburo. Kyōhō kaikaku no keizai seisaku. Tokyo: Ochanomizu shobō, 1961.
PiresThomaz, A.. “O Japan no seculoXVI. Pt. 1. O Instituto 53 (1906).Google Scholar
Ryōichi, Furuta hakase kanreki kinen-kai, ed., Tōhoku shi no shin kenkyū (Sendai, 1963), p.
Sasaki, Junnosuke. Hyakushō ikki to uchikowashi. Tokyo: Sanseidō, 1974.
Satō, Takayuki. “Kinsei zenki no nengu shūshu to nōson kin'yū”. Tokugawa rinseishi kenkyūjo kenkyū kiyō (1979).Google Scholar
Schütte, Josef Franz, SJ, ed. Textus catalogorum Japoniae, 1553–1654. Monumenta Historica Japoniae 1, Monumenta Missionum Societatis 34, Monumenta Historica Societatis Iesu. Vol. 111 (1975), nos..
Shōzō, Imaizumi, Nagaoka no rekishi, 6 vols. (Sanjō: Yashima Shuppan, 1968–9), vol. 1.
Smith, Thomas C.Pre-modern Economic Growth: Japan and the West.” Past and Present 43 (1973).Google Scholar
Sumio, Taniguchi, Okayama han (Tokyo: Yoshikawa kōbunkan, 1964).
Takase, Tamotsu. “Kaga han no beika hyō”. In Takeshi, Toyoda, ed. Nihonkai chiikishi kenkyū. Vol. 1. Tokyo: Bunken shuppan, 1980.Google Scholar
Takatsuka, Masanori, and Stubbs, David, trans, This Scheming World. Tokyo: Tuttle, 1965.
Thompson, Edward M.., ed. Diary of Richard Cocks. London: Hakluyt Society, 1933.
Toshiaki, Miura, “Hamamatsu-han ryōiki no keisei to shukueki joseikin,” Chihō-shi kenkyū 79 (1966).Google Scholar
Toyama, Mikio. Chūseiō no Kyūshu. Tokyo: Kyōikusha, 1978.
Toyoda, Takeshi and Sugiyama, Hiroshi, with Morris, V. Dixon, “The Growth of Commerce and the Trades.” In Hall, John W. and Toyoda, Takeshi, eds. Japan in the Muromachi Age. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1977.Google Scholar
Tsuji, Zennosuke. Nihon bunkashi. 7 vols. Tokyo: Shunjūsha, 1952–3.
Tsuji, Tatsuya. “Edo Bakufu Policy in the Late Eighteenth Century”. Yokohama shiritsu daigaku ronsō 19 (1967).Google Scholar
Valignano, Alejandro SJ. Sumario de las cosas de Japón (1583), Adiciones del sumario de Japón (1592). Vol. I. Ed. by Alvarez–Taladriz, Josē–Luis. Monumenta Nipponica Monographs, no. 9. Tokyo: Sophia University, 1954.Google Scholar
Yamamura, Kozo. “The Role of the Samurai in the Development of Modern Banking in Japan,Journal of Economic History 27 (June 1967).Google Scholar
Yoshikawa, Kōjirō, Akihiro, Satake, and Tatsuo, Hino, eds. Motoori Norinaga. Vol. 40 of Nihon shisō taikei. Tokyo: Iwanami shoten, 1978.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×