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25 - Lexical Borrowing

from Part 4 - Lexicon

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  16 May 2024

By
Rajna Dragićević  and
Danko Šipka
Edited by
Danko Šipka  and
Wayles Browne
Danko Šipka
Affiliation:
Arizona State University
Wayles Browne
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

Section 1 gives an operational definition of loanwords and exemplifies their categories. Section 2, on types of borrowing, distinguishes loanwords, which generally adapt to the recipient language’s system, from foreign words, which do not. There are one-source loanwords and hybrid loanwords (coming from two or more languages). Unlike one-language borrowing, chained borrowing passes through one or more intermediate languages. Borrowing via cultural influence and that due to geographical contacts are defined. Section 3 outlines main sources of borrowing: sources for Proto-Slavic, and sources for individual Slavic languages and their dialects. Section 4 outlines issues of phonological, morphosyntactic, semantic, and register/style adaptation. Section 5 discusses the lexical status of loanwords in Slavic; section 6, their sociolinguistic status. Purism dominated the lexicons of Slavic standard languages, especially those which had been under German-speaking rule. Section 7, on Slavic loanword research, focuses on ‘dictionaries of foreign words’, which are abundant and prominent in all Slavic cultures, while virtually unknown in English and other cultural traditions.

Keywords

lexical borrowinglanguage contactspurismhybridscalquinginternationalismsadaptationglobalization
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Slavic Linguistics , pp. 545 - 556
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

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