Consonants

doi:10.1017/9781108644198.004

3 - Consonants

from Section I - Segmental Production

Published online by Cambridge University Press: 11 November 2021

Michael Proctor

Edited by

Rachael-Anne Knight and

Jane Setter

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Rachael-Anne Knight: Affiliation:
City, University of London
Jane Setter: Affiliation:
University of Reading

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Summary

Consonants are speech sounds produced with a closure or near complete constriction of the vocal tract. All languages systematically exploit place of articulation to differentiate consonants. Eight other phonetically independent parameters are used to create consonant contrast: airstream, constriction degree, laryngeal setting, nasality, laterality, length, articulator stiffness, and respiratory strength. Aspiration, affrication, pre-stopping, secondary articulations, and other properties of ‘complex’ consonants are best described as patterns of coordination in the underlying gestures.

Keywords

consonant phonetic parameters constriction place of articulation contrast airstream

Type: Chapter
Information: The Cambridge Handbook of Phonetics , pp. 65 - 105

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/9781108644198.004 [Opens in a new window]

Publisher: Cambridge University Press

Print publication year: 2021

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