Book contents
- The Cambridge Handbook of Labor and Democracy
- The Cambridge Handbook of Labor and Democracy
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Part I Labor and Democracy: Theory and Practice
- Part II History, Politics, and Law
- Part III Labor, Diversity, and Democracy
- Part IV Country and Regional Perspectives
- Part V Labor and Democracy Sectoral Case Studies: Platform Workers, Higher Education, and the Care Industry
- Index
- References
Part III - Labor, Diversity, and Democracy
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 25 January 2022
Book contents
- The Cambridge Handbook of Labor and Democracy
- The Cambridge Handbook of Labor and Democracy
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Contributors
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Part I Labor and Democracy: Theory and Practice
- Part II History, Politics, and Law
- Part III Labor, Diversity, and Democracy
- Part IV Country and Regional Perspectives
- Part V Labor and Democracy Sectoral Case Studies: Platform Workers, Higher Education, and the Care Industry
- Index
- References
Summary
A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. Please use the Get access link above for information on how to access this content.
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Cambridge Handbook of Labor and Democracy , pp. 161 - 234Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2022
References
References
Alesina, Alberto, and Glaeser, Edward. 2004. Fighting Poverty in the US and Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Alesina, Alberto, Glaeser, Edward, and Sacerdote, Bruce. 2001. “Why Doesn’t the United States Have a European-Style Welfare State?” NBER Working Paper No. 8524. National Bureau of Economics Research, Cambridge, MA, October 2001. www.nber.org/papers/w8524Google Scholar
Alesina, Alberto, Harnoss, Johann, and Rapoport, Hillel. 2013. Immigration, Diversity, and Economic Prosperity. London: Vox CEPR Policy Portal. https://voxeu.org/article/immigration-diversity-and-economic-prosperityCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anderson, Elizabeth. 2017. Private Government: How Employers Rule Our Lives. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Applebaum, Eileen, Kalleberg, Arne, and Rho, Hye Jin. 2019. Nonstandard Work Arrangements and Older Americans, 2005–2017. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute. www.epi.org/publication/nonstandard-work-arrangements-and-older-americans-2005-2017/Google Scholar
Arendt, Hannah. 1998. The Human Condition. 2nd ed. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Autor, David, Dorn, David, Hanson, Gordon, and Majlesi, Kavesh. 2017. “Importing Political Polarization: The Electoral Consequences of Rising Trade Exposure.” Working Paper No. 22637. National Bureau of Economics Research, Cambridge, MA, September 2016, revised December 2017. www.nber.org/papers/w22637CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bazelon, Emily, 2020. “Why Are Workers Struggling? Because Labor Law Is Broken,” The New York Times (February 19, 2020), www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/02/19/magazine/labor-law-unions.htmlGoogle Scholar
Blumrosen, Alfred W. 1984. “The Law Transmission System and the Southern Jurisprudence of Employment Discrimination,” Industrial Relations Law Journal 6, 3: 313–352.Google Scholar
Borjas, George J. 1999. “Immigration and Welfare Magnets,” Journal of Labor Economics 17, 4: 607–637.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Briggs, Xavier de Souza. 2007. “‘Some of My Best Friends Are…’: Interracial Friendships, Class, and Segregation in America,” City and Community 6, 4: 263–290.Google Scholar
Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2018. Contingent and Alternative Work Arrangements-May 2017. www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/conemp.pdfGoogle Scholar
Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2019. American Time Use Survey – 2018 Results. Table 8a. www.bls.gov/news.release/archives/atus_06192019.pdfGoogle Scholar
Carnes, Nicholas, and Lupu, Noam, 2017. “It’s Time to Bust the Myth: Most Trump Voters Were Not Working Class,” Washington Post (June 5, 2017), www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2017/06/05/its-time-to-bust-the-myth-most-trump-voters-were-not-working-class/Google Scholar
Chomsky, Aviva. 2019. “Sorry Conservatives – Unions Do Support the Green New Deal,” The Nation (August 7, 2019), www.thenation.com/article/archive/unions-support-green-new-deal/Google Scholar
Cohen, Jean L. 2019. “Populism and the Politics of Resentment,” Jus Cogens 1, 1: 5–39.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cohen, Jean L., and Arato, Andrew. 1992. Civil Society and Political Theory. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.Google Scholar
Cohen, Lizbeth. 1990. Making a New Deal: Industrial Workers in Chicago 1919–1939. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cohn, Nate. 2017. “The Obama-Trump Voters Are Real. Here’s What They Think,” The New York Times (August 15, 2017), www.nytimes.com/2017/08/15/upshot/the-obama-trump-voters-are-real-heres-what-they-think.htmlGoogle Scholar
Collier, Paul. 2019. Exodus: How Migration Is Changing Our World. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Costa, Dora L., and Kahn, Matthew E.. 2003. “Civic Engagement and Community Heterogeneity: An Economist’s Perspective,” Perspectives on Politics 1, 1: 103–111.Google Scholar
Cox, Daniel, Lienesch, Rachel, and Jones, Robert P.. 2017. Beyond Economics: Fears of Cultural Displacement Pushed the White Working Class to Trump. Washington, DC: Public Religion Research Institute. www.prri.org/research/white-working-class-attitudes-economy-trade-immigration-election-donald-trump/Google Scholar
Crain, Marion. 2002. “Whitewashed Labor Law, Skinwalking Unions,” Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law 23, 2: 211–258.Google Scholar
Cramer, Katherine J. 2016. The Politics of Resentment. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Darling-Hammond, Sean, Mendoza-Denton, Rodolfo, and Lee, Randy. “Interracial Contact at Work: Can Workplace Diversity Reduce Bias?” SSRN (April 2019) https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3379069Google Scholar
Donohue, John J., and Heckman, James J.. 1991a. “Continuous Versus Episodic Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic Status of Blacks,” Journal of Economic Literature 29, 4: 1603–1643.Google Scholar
Donohue, John J., and Heckman, James J.. 1991b. “The Law and Economics of Racial Discrimination in Employment: Re-Evaluating Federal Civil Rights Policy,” Georgetown Law Journal 79: 1619–1657.Google Scholar
Ehrenberg, John. 1999. Civil Society: The Critical History of an Idea. New York: New York University Press.Google Scholar
Elk, Mike. 2018. “Justice in the Factory: How Black Lives Matter Breathed New Life Into Unions,” The Guardian (February 10, 2018), www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/feb/10/black-lives-matter-labor-unions-factory-workers-uniteGoogle Scholar
Estlund, Cynthia. 2003. Working Together: How Workplace Bonds Strengthen a Diverse Democracy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Estlund, Cynthia. 2015. “Are Unions a Constitutional Anomaly?” Michigan Law Review 114, 2: 169–234.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Estlund, Cynthia. 2018. “Rethinking Autocracy at Work,” Harvard Law Review 131, 3: 795–826.Google Scholar
Fantasia, Rick. 1988. Cultures of Solidarity. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Farber, Henry S., Herbst, Daniel, Kuziemko, Ilyana, and Naidu, Suresh. 2018. “Unions and Inequality Over the Twentieth Century: New Evidence from Survey Data,” NBER Working Paper No. 24587. National Bureau of Economics Research, Cambridge, MA, May 2018. www.nber.org/papers/w24587Google Scholar
Flanders, Laura. 2013. “At Thatcher’s Funeral, Bury TINA, Too,” The Nation. (April 12, 2013). www.thenation.com/article/archive/thatchers-funeral-bury-tina-too/Google Scholar
Fishkin, Joseph, and Forbath, William. 2014. “The Anti-Oligarchy Constitution,” Boston University Law Review 94, 3: 669–696.Google Scholar
Forbath, William E. 1991. Law and the Shaping of the American Labor Movement. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Frey, William H. 2015. Diversity Explosion: How New Racial Demographics Are Remaking America. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.Google Scholar
Frymer, Paul. 2008. Black and Blue: African Americans, the Labor Movement, and the Decline of the Democratic Party. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Fung, Archon. 2003. “Associations and Democracy: Between Theories, Hopes, and Realities,” Annual Review of Sociology 29: 515–539.Google Scholar
Garden, Charlotte, and Leong, Nancy. 2013. “‘So Closely Intertwined’: Labor and Racial Solidarity,” George Washington University Law Review 81, 4: 1135–1210.Google Scholar
Goldfield, Michael. 1993. “Race and the CIO: The Possibilities for Racial Egalitarianism during the 1930s and 1940s,” International Labor and Working-Class History 44 (Fall): 1–32.Google Scholar
Guinier, Lani, and Torres, Gerald. 2002. The Miner’s Canary: Enlisting Race, Resisting Power, Transforming Democracy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Gupta, Sarita, Lerner, Stephen, and McCartin, Joseph A.. 2019. “Why the Labor Movement Has Failed – And How to Fix It,” Boston Review (June 06, 2019), http://bostonreview.net/forum/sarita-gupta-stephen-lerner-joseph-mccartin-why-labor-movement-has-failed%E2%80%94and-how-fix-itGoogle Scholar
Greenhouse, Steven. 2020a. “Overhaul US Labor Laws to Boost Workers’ Power, New Report Urges,” The Guardian (January 23, 2020), www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jan/23/overhaul-us-labor-laws-unions-workers-power-reportGoogle Scholar
Greenhouse, Steven. 2020b. “The Faces of a New Union Movement,” The New Yorker (February 28, 2020).Google Scholar
Haney-López, Ian. 2013. Dog Whistle Politics: How Coded Racial Appeals Have Reinvented Racism and Wrecked the Middle Class. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Hawkins, Stacy L. 2017. “The Long Arc of Diversity Bends towards Equality: Deconstructing the Progressive Critique of Workplace Diversity Efforts,” University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender, and Class 17, 1: 61–116.Google Scholar
Heckman, James J., and Hoult Verkerke, J.. 1990. “Racial Disparity and Employment Discrimination Law: An Economic Perspective,” Yale Law and Policy Review 8, 2: 276–298.Google Scholar
Hochschild, Jennifer L., Weaver, Velsa M., and Burch, Traci R.. 2012. Creating a New Racial Order. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ingraham, Christopher. 2016. “Two New Studies Find Racial Anxiety Is the Biggest Driver of Support for Trump,” Washington Post (June 6, 2016), www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/06/06/racial-anxiety-is-a-huge-driver-of-support-for-donald-trump-two-new-studies-find/Google Scholar
Issacharoff, Samuel. 2018. “Democracy’s Deficits,” University of Chicago Law Review 85, 2: 485–519.Google Scholar
Iverson, Torben, and Soskice, David. 2015. “Information, Inequality, and Mass Polarization: Ideology in Advanced Democracies,” Comparative Political Studies 48, 13: 1781–1813.Google Scholar
Jäntti, Markus, Jaynes, Gerald, and Roemer, John E.. 2014. “The Double Role of Ethnic Heterogeneity in Explaining Welfare-State Generosity,” Cowles Foundation Discussion Paper No. 1972. Cowles Foundation for Economic Research, New Haven, CT, December 2014. https://cowles.yale.edu/sites/default/files/files/pub/d19/d1972.pdfCrossRefGoogle Scholar
Judis, John B. 2016. The Populist Explosion: How the Great Recession Transformed American and European Politics. New York: Columbia Global Reports.Google Scholar
Katz, Harry C., and Darbishire, Owen. 2000. Converging Divergences: Worldwide Changes in Employment Systems. Ithaca, NY: ILR Press.Google Scholar
Katz, Lawrence F., and Krueger, Alan B.. 2016. “The Rise and Nature of Alternative Work Arrangements in the United States,” NBER Working Paper No. 22667. National Bureau of Economics Research, Cambridge, MA, September 2016. www.nber.org/papers/w22667.pdfGoogle Scholar
Kaushal, Neeraj. 2005. “New Immigrants’ Location Choices: Magnets without Welfare,” Journal of Labor Economics 23, 1: 59–80.Google Scholar
Kerrissey, Jasmine, and Schofer, Evan. 2013. “Union Membership and Political Participation in the United States,” Social Forces 91, 3: 895–928.Google Scholar
Kim, Soohan, Kalev, Alexandra, and Dobbin, Frank. 2012. “Progressive Corporations at Work: The Case of Diversity Programs,” NYU Review of Law and Social Change 36, 2: 171–213.Google Scholar
Klein, Ezra. 2020b. “The Ezra Klein Show: Why Ta-Nehisi Coates Is Hopeful,” Vox (June 5, 2020), www.vox.com/2020/6/5/21279530/ta-nehisi-coates-ezra-klein-show-george-floyd-police-brutality-trump-bidenGoogle Scholar
Kochan, Tomas A., Katz, Harry C., and McKersie, Robert B.. 1986. The Transformation of American Industrial Relations. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Kohler, Thomas C. 1993. “Individualism and Communitarianism at Work,” BYU Law Review 1993, 2: 727–741.Google Scholar
Kohler, Thomas C. 1995. “Civic Virtue at Work: Unions as Seedbeds of the Civic Virtues,” Boston College Law Review 36, 2: 279–304.Google Scholar
Labor and Worklife Program, Harvard Law School. 2019. Clean Slate for Worker Power: Building a Just Economy and Democracy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Law School.Google Scholar
Lamont, Michèle, Park, Bo Yun, and Ayala-Hurtado, Elena. 2017. “Trump’s Electoral Speeches and His Appeal to the American White Working Class,” British Journal of Sociology 68, supplement S1: S153–S180.Google Scholar
Lee, Sophia Z. 2014. The Workplace Constitution from the New Deal to the New Right. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1959. “Democracy and Working-Class Authoritarianism,” American Sociological Review 24, 4: 482–501.Google Scholar
Llewellyn, Karl. 1957. “What Law Cannot Do for Inter-Racial Peace,” Villanova Law Review 30, 1: 30–36.Google Scholar
Marshall, F. Ray. 1968. “The Negro in Southern Unions,” in Jacobson, Julius, ed. The Negro and the American Labor Movement. Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1968, pp. 128–154.Google Scholar
McUsic, Molly S., and Selmi, Michael. 1997. “Postmodern Unions: Identity Politics in the Workplace (An Essay),” Iowa Law Review 82, 5: 1339–1374.Google Scholar
Mill, John Stuart. 2009. Considerations on Representative Government. Auckland: The Floating Press. First Published 1861 by Parker, Son, and Bourn (London).Google Scholar
Moffit, Benjamin. 2016. The Global Rise of Populism. Redwood City, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar
Monnat, Shannon M., and Brown, David L.. 2017. “More than a Rural Revolt: Landscapes of Despair and the 2016 Presidential Election,” Journal of Rural Studies 55: 227–236.Google Scholar
Müller, Jan-Werner. 2016. What Is Populism? Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Oswalt, Michael M. 2019. “Alt-Bargaining,” Law and Contemporary Problems 82, 3: 89–139.Google Scholar
Parker, Kim, Horowitz, Juliana, Brown, Anna, Fry, Richard, Cohn, D’Vera, and Igielnik, Ruth. 2018. “What Unites and Divides Urban, Suburban, and Rural Communities,” Pew Research Center, Washington, DC, May 2018. www.pewsocialtrends.org/2018/05/22/what-unites-and-divides-urban-suburban-and-rural-communities/Google Scholar
Pain, Paromita, and Chen, Gina Masullo. 2019. “The President Is In: Public Opinion and the Presidential Use of Twitter,” Social Media + Society 5, 2: 87–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Paluck, Elizabeth Levy, Green, Seth A., and Green, Donald P.. 2019. “The Contact Hypothesis Reevaluated,” Behavioural Public Policy 3, 2: 129–158.Google Scholar
Pew Research Center. 2016. The State of American Jobs. www.pewsocialtrends.org/2016/10/06/1-changes-in-the-american-workplace/Google Scholar
Pope, James Gray. 2016. “Why Is There No Socialism in the United States? Law and the Racial Divide in the American Working Class, 1676–1964,” Texas Law Review 94, 7: 1555–1590.Google Scholar
Post, Robert C. 1991. “Racist Speech, Democracy, and the First Amendment,” William and Mary Law Review 32, 2: 267–327.Google Scholar
Purdy, Jedediah. 2017. “Wealth and Democracy,” in Knight, Jack and Schwartzberg, Melissa, eds. Wealth – Nomos LVIII. New York: New York University Press, pp. 235–260.Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Reich, Robert B. 2020. The System: Who Rigged It, How We Fix It. New York: Penguin Random House.Google Scholar
Rodrik, Dani. 2018. “Populism and the Economics of Globalization,” Journal of International Business and Policy 1, 1-2: 12–33.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Rosenfeld, Jake. 2014. What Unions No Longer Do. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scheiber, Noam. 2019. “In a Strong Economy, Why Are So Many Workers on Strike?” The New York Times (Oct. 19, 2019), www.nytimes.com/2019/10/19/business/economy/workers-strike-economy.htmlGoogle Scholar
Scholzman, Kay Lehman, Verba, Sidney, and Brady, Henry E.. 2012. The Unheavenly Chorus. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Shierholz, Heidi, and Poydock, Margaret. 2020. Continued Surge in Strike Activity Signals Worker Dissatisfaction and Wage Growth. Washington, DC: Economic Policy Institute. www.epi.org/publication/continued-surge-in-strike-activity/Google Scholar
Sitraman, Ganesh. 2017. The Crisis of the Middle-Class Constitution: Why Economic Inequality Threatens Our Republic. New York: Penguin Random House.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, Joseph E. 2012. The Price of Inequality: How Today’s Divided Society Endangers Our Future. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, Joseph E. 2015. Rewriting the Rules of the American Economy. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Stiglitz, Joseph E. 2018. Globalization and Its Discontents Revisited. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Taylor, Matthew. 2019. “Trade Unions Around the World Support Global Climate Strike,” The Guardian (September 19, 2019), www.theguardian.com/environment/2019/sep/19/trade-unions-around-the-world-support-global-climate-strikeGoogle Scholar
Tomaskovic-Deney, Donald, Stainbeck, Kevin, Taylor, Tiffany, Zimmer, Catherine, Robinson, Corre, and McTague, Tricia. 2006. “Documenting Desegregation: Segregation in American Workplaces by Race, Ethnicity, and Sex, 1966–2003,” American Sociological Review 71, 4: 565–588.Google Scholar
Tropp, Thomas, and Pettigrew, Lind. 2006. “A Meta-Analytic Test of Intergroup Contact Theory,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 90, 5: 751–783.Google Scholar
Wachter, Michael L., and Cohen, George M.. 1988. “The Law and Economics of Collective Bargaining: An Introduction and Application to the Problems of Subcontracting, Partial Closure, and Relocation,” University of Pennsylvania Law Review 136, 5: 1349–1417.Google Scholar
Wang, Tova. 2020. “Union Impact on Voter Participation – And How to Expand It,” Harvard Kennedy School Ash Center for Democratic Governance and Innovation, Cambridge, MA, June 2020. https://ash.harvard.edu/files/ash/files/300871_hvd_ash_union_impact_v2.pdfGoogle Scholar
Wilson, William Julius. 1996. When Work Disappears: The World of the New Urban Poor. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.Google Scholar
Wilson, William Julius. 1999. The Bridge Over the Racial Divide. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Worland, Justin. 2020. “America’s Long Overdue Awakening to Systemic Racism,” Time (June 11, 2020), https://time.com/5851855/systemic-racism-america/Google Scholar
Zavodny, Madeline. 1999. “Determinants of Recent Immigrants Locational Choices,” International Migration Review 33, 4: 1014–1030.Google Scholar
References
AFL-CIO. 2017. AFL-CIO Labor Commission on Racial and Economic Justice Report. Racial-justice.aflcio.org.Google Scholar
AFT. 2015. Reclaiming the Promise of Racial Equity. www.aft.org/sites/default/files/racial_equity_taskforce_10-8-15.pdfGoogle Scholar
Ahlquist, John S., Clayton, Amanda B., and Levi, Margaret 2014. “Provoking Preferences: Unionization, Trade Policy, and the ILWU Puzzle,” International Organization 68, 1: 33–75.Google Scholar
Ahlquist, John S., and Levi, Margaret 2013. In the Interest of Others: Organizations and Social Activism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Arnesen, Eric. 2002. Brotherhoods of Color: Black Railroad Workers and the Struggle for Equality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Arnesen, Eric. 1991. Waterfront Workers of New Orleans: Race, Class, and Politics, 1863–1923. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Baron, , Reuben, M., and David, A. Kenny, 1986. “The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research – Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations,” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51, 6, 1173–1182.Google Scholar
Bates, Beth Tompkins. 2001. Pullman Porters and the Rise of Protest Politics in Black America, 1925–1945. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Biondi, Martha. 2006. To Stand and Fight: The Struggle for Civil Rights in Post-War New York City. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Bonacich, Edna. 1972. “A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor Market,” American Sociological Review 37, 5: 547–559.Google Scholar
Bronfenbrenner, Kate, and Dorian, T. Warren. 2007. “Race, Gender, and the Rebirth of Trade Unionism,” New Labor Forum 16, 142–148.Google Scholar
Bucknor, Cherrie. 2016. “Black Workers, Unions, and Inequality,” Center for Economic and Policy Research. https://cepr.net/images/stories/reports/black-workers-unions-2016-08.pdf?v=2Google Scholar
Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2020. “Union Members, 2019.” www.bls.gov/news.release/pdf/union2.pdfGoogle Scholar
Chen, Anthony S. 2009. The Fifth Freedom: Jobs, Politics, and Civil Rights in the United States, 1941–1972. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Du Bois, W. E. B. 1935. Black Reconstruction: An Essay toward a History on the Part Which Black Folk Played in the Attempt to Reconstruct Democracy. New York: Harcourt Brace.Google Scholar
Du Bois, W. E. B. 1948. “Race Relations in the United States, 1917-1947,” Phylon 9, 3: 234-247.Google Scholar
Estlund, Cynthia. 2002. “The Ossification of American Labor Law,” Columbia Law Review 102, 6, 1527–1612.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eveland, William P. 2004. “The Effect of Political Discussion in Producing Informed Citizens: The Roles of Information, Motivation, and Elaboration,” Political Communication 21, 2: 177–193.Google Scholar
Fine, Janice, and Tichenor, Daniel J.. 2009. “A Movement Wrestling: American Labor’s Enduring Struggle with Immigration, 1866–2007,” Studies in American Political Development 23: 84–113.Google Scholar
Fletcher, Bill Jr. 2020. “Race Is About More than Discrimination,” Monthly Review. https://monthlyreview.org/2020/07/01/race-is-about-more-than-discrimination/Google Scholar
Frymer, Paul. 1999. Uneasy Alliances: Race and Party Competition in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Frymer, Paul. 2005. “Racism Revised: Courts, Labor Law, and the Construction of Racial Animus,” American Political Science Review 99, 3: 373–387.Google Scholar
Frymer, Paul. 2008. Black and Blue: African Americans, the Labor Movement, and the Decline of the Democratic Party. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Frymer, Paul. 2017. Building an American Empire: The Era of Territorial and Political Expansion. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Frymer, Paul, and Jacob, M. Grumbach. 2021. “Labor Unions and White Racial Politics,” American Journal of Political Science 65, 1: 225–240.Google Scholar
Garcia, Ruben J. 2019. “Right-to-Work Laws: Ideology and Impact,” Annual Review of Law and Social Science 15, 509–519.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gilroy, Paul. 1987. “There Ain’t No Black in the Union Jack”: The Cultural Politics of Race and Nation. New York: Verso.Google Scholar
Goldfield, Michael. 1993. “Race and the CIO: The Possibilities for Racial Egalitarianism during the 1930s and 1940s,” International Labor and Working-Class History 44: 1–32.Google Scholar
Goldfield, Michael. 2020. The Southern Key: Class, Race, and Radicalism in the 1930s and 1940s. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Goldfield, Michael, and Bromsen, Amy. 2013. “The Changing Landscape of US Unions in Historical and Theoretical Perspective,” Annual Review of Political Science 16, 231–257.Google Scholar
Gould, William B. 1977. Black Workers in White Unions: Job Discrimination in the United States. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Griffith, Barbara S. 1988. The Crisis of American Labor: Operation Dixie and the Defeat of the CIO. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Hacker, Jacob S., and Pierson, Paul 2011. Winner-Take-All Politics: How Washington Made the Rich Richer – And Turned its Back on the Middle Class. New York: Simon and Schuster.Google Scholar
Haider, Asad. 2018. Mistaken Identity: Race and Class in the Age of Trump. New York: Verso.Google Scholar
Hamlin, Rebecca. 2008. “Immigrants at Work: Labor Unions and Noncitizen Members,” in Karthick Ramakrishnan, S. and Bloemraad, Irene, eds. Civic Hopes and Political Realities: Immigrants, Community Organizations, and Civic Engagement. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Haus, Leah. 1995. “Openings in the Wall: Transnational Migrants, Labor Unions, and US Immigration Policy,” International Organization 49, 2: 285–313.Google Scholar
Hertel-Fernandez, Alex, and Gould-Werth, Alix. 2020. “Labor Organizations and Unemployment Insurance: A Virtuous Circle Supporting US Workers’ Voices and Reducing Disparities in Benefits,” Washington Center for Equitable Growth. https://equitablegrowth.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/100920-ui-workerpower-ib.pdfGoogle Scholar
Honey, Michael. 1992. “Operation Dixie: Labor and Civil Rights in the Post-War South,” Mississippi Quarterly 45, 4: 439–452.Google Scholar
Jeffery, Steven. 2007. “Why Do Unions Find Fighting Workplace Racism Difficult?” European Review of Labour and Research 13, 3: 377–395.Google Scholar
Jones, Jacqueline. 1998. American Work: Four Centuries of Black and White Labor. New York: W. W. Norton.Google Scholar
Katznelson, Ira. 2005. When Affirmative Action Was White: An Untold History of Racial Inequality in Twentieth-Century America. New York: Norton.Google Scholar
Kelley, Robin D. G. 1990. Hammer and Hoe: Alabama Communists during the Great Depression. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Kim, Sung Eun, and Yotam, Margalit. 2017. “Informed Preferences? The Impact of Unions on Workers’ Policy Views,” American Journal of Political Science 61, 3: 728–743.Google Scholar
Korstad, Robert. 2003. Civil Rights Unionism: Tobacco Workers and the Struggle for Democracy in the Mid-Twentieth Century South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Korstad, Robert, and Lichtenstein, Nelson. 1988. “Opportunities Found and Lost: Labor, Radicals, and the Early Civil Rights Movement,” Journal of American History 75, 3: 786–811.Google Scholar
Lichtenstein, Nelson. 2001. State of the Unions. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
MacDonald, David. 2020. “Labor Unions and White Democratic Partisanship,” Political Behavior, https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11109–020-09624-3Google Scholar
MacLean, Nancy. 2008. Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Marable, Manning. 1999. How Capitalism Underdeveloped Black America: Problems in Race, Political Economy, and Society. New York: Haymarket Press.Google Scholar
McCall, Leslie. 2001. “Sources of Racial Wage Inequality in Metropolitan Labor Markets: Racial, Ethnic, and Gender Differences,” American Sociological Review 66, 4: 520–541.Google Scholar
McCann, Michael W., with George, I. Lovell. 2020. Union by Law: Filipino American Labor Activists, Rights Radicalism, and Racial Capitalism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Milkman, Ruth. 2006. LA Story: Immigrant Workers and the Future of the US Labor Movement. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Milkman, Ruth, and Luce, Stephanie. 2019. “The State of the Unions 2019: A Profile of Organized Labor in New York City, New York State, and the United States.” https://slu.cuny.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Union_Density-2019.pdfGoogle Scholar
Minchin, Timothy J. 2001. The Color of Work: The Struggle for Civil Rights in the Southern Paper Industry, 1945–1980. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Minchin, Timothy J. 2013. “‘Labor Is Back?’: The AFL-CIO during the Presidency of John J. Sweeney, 1995-2009,” Labor History 54, 4: 393-420.Google Scholar
Minchin, Timothy J. 2016. “A Pivotal Role? The AFL-CIO and the 2008 Presidential Election,” Labor History 57, 3, 299–322.Google Scholar
Mink, Gwendolyn. 1986. Old Labor and New Immigrants in American Political Development: Union, Party, and State, 1875–1920. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Mishel, Lawrence. 2017. “Diversity in the New York City Union and Nonunion Construction Sectors,” Economic Policy Institute. 1–27.Google Scholar
Mutz, Diana C. 2002. “Cross-Cutting Social Networks: Testing Democratic Theory in Practice,” The American Political Science Review 96, 1: 111–126.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nelson, Bruce. 2009. Divided We Stand: American Workers and the Struggle for Black Equality. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Ngai, Mae M. 2004. Impossible Subjects: Illegal Aliens and the Making of Modern America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Northwest Carpenters Union. 2020. “EST Shapiro’s Statement on BLM and Racism in the Industry.” www.nwcarpenters.org/est-shapiros-statement-on-blm-racism-in-the-industry/Google Scholar
Office of Speechwriting, and Weiss, Lowell. 2020. “AFL-CIO [2],” Clinton Digital Library, accessed September 22, 2020. https://clinton.presidentiallibraries.us/items/show/47367Google Scholar
Parker, Christopher S., and Baretto, Matt A. 2014. Change They Can’t Believe In: The Tea Party and Reactionary Politics in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Prasad, Monica. 2006. The Politics of Free Markets: The Rise of Neoliberal Economic Policies in Britain, France, Germany, and the United States. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Rainey, Rebecca, and Otterbein, Holly. 2020. “Local Unions Defy AFL-CIO in Push to Oust Police Unions,” Politico (June 30, 2020). https://politi.co/38i4ieJGoogle Scholar
Robinson, Cedric. 1983. Black Marxism: The Making of the Black Radical Tradition. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Roediger, David. 1991. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the White Working Class. New York: Verso.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, Jake. 2014. What Unions No Longer Do. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Rosenfeld, Jake, and Kleykamp, Meredith 2012. “Organized Labor and Racial Wage Inequality in the United States,” American Journal of Sociology 117, 5: 1460–1502.Google Scholar
Schickler, Eric. 2016. Racial Realignment: The Transformation of American Liberalism, 1932–1965. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Schiller, Reuel. 2015. Forging Rivals: Race, Class, and the Fate of Postwar Liberalism. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Sobieraj, Sarah, and White, Deborah. 2004. “Taxing Political Life: Reevaluating the Relationship between Voluntary Association Membership, Political Engagement, and the State,” Sociological Quarterly 45, 4: 739–764.Google Scholar
Stein, Judith. 1998. Running Steel, Running America: Race, Economic Policy, and the Decline of Liberalism. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Sullivan, Patricia. 1996. Days of Hope: Race and Democracy in the New Deal Era. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar
Tingley, Dustin, Teppei, Yamamoto, Kentaro, Hirose, Luke, Keele, and Kosuke, Imai. 2014. “Mediation: R Package for Causal Mediation Analysis,” Journal of Statistical Software 59, 5, 1–38.Google Scholar
Trotter, Joe William, Jr. 2019. Workers on Arrival: Black Labor in the Making of America. Berkeley: University of California.Google Scholar
Watts, Julie. 2002. Immigration Policy and the Challenge of Globalization: Unions and Employers in Unlikely Alliance. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Western, Bruce, and Rosenfeld, Jake. 2011. “Unions, Norms, and the Rise of US Wage Inequality,” American Sociological Review 76, 4: 513–537.Google Scholar
References
Agarwal, Neel. 2021. “Biden’s Unfulfilled Promise to End 287(g) Agreements with Local Law Enforcement,” Immigration Impact (June 24, 2021). https://immigrationimpact.com/2021/06/24/biden-287g-agreements-police/#.YPSLTuhKjcsGoogle Scholar
Bacon, David, and Hing, Bill Ong. 2010. “The Rise and Fall of Employer Sanctions,” 38 Fordham Urban Law Journal 38, 1: 77–105.Google Scholar
Becker, Jeff. 2011. “Organized Labor’s Role in Democratic Transitions,” Center for American Progress, June 20, 2011. www.americanprogress.org/issues/security/news/2011/06/20/9744/organized-labors-role-in-democratic-transitions/Google Scholar
Budiman, Abby. 2020. “Key Findings About US Immigrants,” Pew Research Center (August 20, 2020). www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2020/08/20/key-findings-about-u-s-immigrants/Google Scholar
Bynum, Russ. 2006. “Immigration Raids Leave Georgia Town Bereft, Stunned,” Seattle Times (Sept. 16, 2006).Google Scholar
Davidson, Joe. 2016. “Border Patrol Agents Union Endorses Trump.” The Washington Post (March 30, 2016). www.washingtonpost.com/news/powerpost/wp/2016/03/30/border-patrol-agents-union-endorses-trump/Google Scholar
Elk, Mike. 2018. “Undocumented Workers Find New Ally as Unions Act to Halt Deportations,” The Guardian (March 22, 2018). www.theguardian.com/us-news/2018/mar/22/unions-undocumented-workers-immigration-deportation-paintersGoogle Scholar
Feffer, John. 2018. “Donald Trump’s War on Democracy,” The Nation (Sept. 24, 2018). www.thenation.com/article/archive/donald-trumps-war-on-democracy/Google Scholar
Figueroa, Hector. 2019. “The Labor Movement Can Rise Again,” The New York Times (July 12, 2019) www.nytimes.com/2019/07/12/opinion/hector-figueroa.htmlGoogle Scholar
Garcia, Ruben J. 2012. Ten Years After Hoffman Plastic Compounds, Inc. v. NLRB: The Power of a Labor Law Symbol, Cornell Journal of Law & Public Policy 21: 659 (2011–2012).Google Scholar
Grant-Thomas, Andrew, and Powell, John A.. 2006. “Toward a Structural Racism Framework,” Poverty & Race 15, 6: 3–6.Google Scholar
Hennelly, Bob. 2019. “There’s a Future for Organized Labor – If It Welcomes Immigrants and Supports Them,” Salon (Sept. 1, 2019). www.salon.com/2019/09/01/theres-a-future-for-organized-labor-if-it-welcomes-immigrants-and-supports-them/Google Scholar
Hing, Bill Ong. 2004. Defining America through Immigration Policy. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Hing, Bill Ong. 2006. Deporting Our Souls: Values, Morality, and Immigration Policy. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hing, Bill Ong. 2009. “Institutional Racism, ICE Raids, and Immigration Reform,” USF Law Review 44, 2: 307–352.Google Scholar
Hing, Bill Ong. 2010. Ethical Borders: NAFTA, Globalization, and Mexican Migration. Philadelphia: Temple University Press.Google Scholar
Jones, Jeffrey M. 2019. “As Labor Day Turns 125, Union Approval Near 50-Year High,” Gallup, August 28, 2019. https://news.gallup.com/poll/265916/labor-day-turns-125-union-approval-near-year-high.aspxGoogle Scholar
Jordan, Miriam. 2020. “After a Pandemic Pause, ICE Resumes Deportation Arrests,” The New York Times (Sept. 14, 2020). www.nytimes.com/2020/09/12/us/ice-immigration-sweeps-deportation.html#:~:text=The%20Trump%20administration%20says%20it,caught%20up%20in%20immigration%20sweepsGoogle Scholar
Kahlenberg, Richard D, and Marvit, Moshe Z.. 2019. “Making Labor Organizing a Civil Right,” in Bales, Richard, and Garden, Charlotte, (Eds.) 2019. The Cambridge Handbook of US Labor Law for the Twenty-First Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Lawrence, Charles R. 1987. “The Id, the Ego, and Equal Protection: Reckoning with Unconscious Racism,” Stanford Law Review 39, 2: 317–388.Google Scholar
Magee, Rhonda V. 2009. “Slavery as Immigration.” University of San Francisco Law Review 44, 2: 273–306.Google Scholar
Milkman, Ruth. 2009. “Immigrant Workers and the Future of American Labor,” ABA Journal of Labor & Employment Law 26, 2: 295–310.Google Scholar
Mindock, Clark. 2018. “US Workplace Immigration Raids Surge 400% in 2018,” The Independent (Dec. 12, 2018). www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/ice-immigration-workplace-migrants-undocumented-immigrants-raids-trump-obama-2018-a8678746.htmlGoogle Scholar
McMullin, Evan. 2018. “An Attack on the Rule of Law,” The Atlantic (Apr. 13, 2018). www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2018/04/assault-on-democracy/557912/Google Scholar
Moreno, Edward. 2020. “Sally Yates Appears at Democratic Convention to Rip Trump Travel Ban,” The Hill (Aug. 18, 2020). https://thehill.com/homenews/campaign/512634-sally-yates-appears-at-democratic-convention-to-rip-trump-travel-banGoogle Scholar
National Commission on ICE Misconduct & Violations of Fourth Amendment, Commission Hearing, Boston (2008) (unpublished transcript on file with author).Google Scholar
Putnam, Robert. 2000. Bowling Alone: The Collapse and Revival of American Community. New York: Simon & Schuster.Google Scholar
Pham, Huyen. 2018. “287(g) Agreements in the Trump Era,” Washington & Lee Law Review 75, 3: 1253–1286.Google Scholar
Preston, Julia, “Immigrant, Pregnant, Is Jailed Under Pact,” The New York Times, July 20, 2008.Google Scholar
Rathod, Jayesh M. 2014. “Riding the Wave: Uplifting Labor Organization through Immigration Reform,” UC Irvine Law Review 4, 2: 625–654.Google Scholar
Rose, Joel. 2020. “Federal Court Orders Trump Administration to Accept New DACA Applications,” NPR (July 17, 2020). www.npr.org/2020/07/17/892413311/federal-court-orders-trump-administration-to-accept-new-daca-applicationsGoogle Scholar
Totenberg, Nina. 2017. “Trump’s Criticism Of Judges Out of Line With Past Presidents.” NPR (Feb. 11, 2017). www.npr.org/2017/02/11/514587731/trumps-criticism-of-judges-out-of-line-with-past-presidentsGoogle Scholar
United Food and Commercial Workers Union. 2009. “Raids on Workers: Destroying Our Rights.”Google Scholar
Wishnie, Michael. 2004. “Introduction: The Border Crossed Us: Current Issues in Immigrant Labor,” NYU Review of Law & Social Change 28, 3: 389–395.Google Scholar
References
All Our Kin. 2020. A Strong Economy Needs Strong Family Child Care: Principles and State Policy Recommendations. New Haven, CT: All Our Kin. http://allourkin.org/sites/default/files/A%20Strong%20Economy%20Needs%20Strong%20Family%20Child%20Care%20-%20All%20Our%20Kin.pdfGoogle Scholar
Alon, Tittan, Doepke, Matthias, Olmstead-Rumsey, Jane, and Tertile, Michele. 2020. “The Impact of Covid-19 on Gender Equality,” in Center for Economic Policy Research, Covid Economics: Vetted and Real-Time Papers 4: 62–85.Google Scholar
Andrew, Alison, Cattan, Sarah, Dias, Monica Costa, Farquharson, Christine, Kraftman, Lucy, Krutikova, Sonya, Phimister, Angus, and Sevilla, Almudena. 2020. “The Gendered Division of Paid and Domestic Work under Lockdown,” in Center for Economic Policy Research, Covid Economics: Vetted and Real-Time Papers 39: 109–138.Google Scholar
Ashar, Sameer M., and Fisk, Catherine L.. 2019. “Democratic Norms and Governance Experimentalism in Worker Centers.” Law and Contemporary Problems 81, 3: 141–190.Google Scholar
Barzilay, Arianne Renan. 2012. “Back to the Future: Introducing Constructive Feminism for the Twenty-First Century: A New Paradigm for the Family and Medical Leave Act.” Harvard Law & Policy Review 6, 2: 407–436.Google Scholar
Blau, David M. 2001. The Child Care Problem: An Economic Analysis. New York: The Russell Sage Foundation.Google Scholar
Blau, Francine D., and Kahn, Lawrence M.. 2017. “The Gender Wage Gap: Extent, Trends, and Explanations.” Journal of Economic Literature 55, 3: 789–865.Google Scholar
Boris, Eileen. 2014. “Where’s the Care?” Labor: Studies in Working-Class History of the Americas 11, 3: 43–47.Google Scholar
Boris, Eileen, and Klein, Jennifer. 2012. Caring for America: Home Care Workers in the Shadow of the Welfare State. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Bornstein, Stephanie. 2012. “The Law of Gender Stereotyping and the Work-Family Conflicts of Men.” Hastings Law Journal 63, 5: 1297–1344.Google Scholar
Boydston, Jeanne. 1990. Home and Work: Housework, Wages, and the Ideology of Labor in the Early Republic. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Budig, Michelle J., and England, Paula. 2001. “The Wage Penalty for Motherhood.” American Sociological Review 66, 2: 204–225.Google Scholar
Carlson, Daniel, Petts, Richard, and Pepin, Joanna. 2020. “US Couples’ Divisions of Housework and Childcare during COVID-19 Pandemic.” SocArXiv Papers. https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/jy8fnGoogle Scholar
Cobble, Dorothy Sue. 2004. The Other Women’s Movement: Workplace Justice and Social Rights in Modern America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Cooper, Melinda. 2017. Family Values: Between Neoliberalism and the New Social Conservatism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, Zone Books.Google Scholar
Cunningham-Parmeter, Keith. 2013. “Men at Work, Fathers at Home: Uncovering the Masculine Face of Caregiver Discrimination.” Columbia Journal of Gender & Law 24, 3: 253–301.Google Scholar
Dauber, Michele Landis. 2012. Sympathetic State: Disaster Relief and the Origins of the American Welfare State. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Dinner, Deborah. 2010. “The Universal Childcare Debate: Rights Mobilization, Social Policy, and the Dynamics of Feminist Activism, 1966–1974.” Law & History Review 28, 3: 577–628.Google Scholar
Dinner, Deborah. 2017a. “Beyond ‘Best Practices’: Employment Discrimination Law in the Neoliberal Era.” Indiana Law Journal 92, 3: 1059–1118.Google Scholar
Dinner, Deborah. 2017b. “Equal by What Measure? The Lost Struggle for Universal State Protective Labor Standards,” in Fineman, Martha Albertson and Fineman, Jonathan W., eds., Vulnerability and the Legal Organization of Work. New York: Routledge: 283–304.Google Scholar
Dinner, Deborah. 2022 (forthcoming). The Sex Equality Dilemma: Work, Family, and Legal Change in Neoliberal America. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Dowd, Nancy E. 2008. “Masculinities and Feminist Legal Theory.” Wisconsin Journal of Law, Gender & Society 23, 1: 201–248.Google Scholar
Eichner, Maxine. 2020. The Free-Market Family: How the Market Crushed the American Dream (and How It Can Be Restored). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Esping-Andersen, Gøsta. 1990. The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
England, Paula, and Folbre, Nancy. 1999. “The Cost of Caring.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 561, 1: 39–51.Google Scholar
Fineman, Martha Albertson. 1995. The Neutered Mother, the Sexual Family, and Other Twentieth Century Tragedies. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar
Fineman, Martha Albertson. 2001. “Contract and Care.” Chicago-Kent Law Review 76, 3: 1403–1440.Google Scholar
Fineman, Martha Albertson. 2004. The Autonomy Myth: A Theory of Dependency. New York: The New Press.Google Scholar
Fineman, Martha Albertson. 2005. “The Social Foundations of Law.” Emory Law Journal 54, 5: 201–237.Google Scholar
Folbre, Nancy, Yoon, Jayoung, Finnoff, Kade, and Fuligni, Allison Side. 2005. “By What Measure? Family Time Devoted to Children in the United States.” Demography 42, 2: 373–390.Google Scholar
Folbre, Nancy. 2006. “Measuring Care: Gender, Empowerment, and the Care Economy.” Journal of Human Development 7, 2: 183–199.Google Scholar
Fraser, Nancy, and Gordon, Linda. 1992. “Contract Versus Charity: Why Is There No Social Citizenship in the United States?” Socialist Review 22, 3: 45–67.Google Scholar
Garcia, Kelli K. 2012. “The Gender Bind: Men as Inauthentic Caregivers.” Duke Journal of Gender Law & Policy 20, 1: 1–43.Google Scholar
Giddings, Paula. 1984. When and Where I Enter: The Impact of Black Women on Race and Sex. New York: HarperCollins.Google Scholar
Grossman, Joanna L., and Thomas, Gillian L.. 2009. “Making Pregnancy Work: Overcoming the Pregnancy Discrimination Act’s Capacity-Based Model.” Yale Journal of Law & Feminism 2, 1: 15–50.Google Scholar
Guarnizo, Luis Eduardo, and Rodriguez, Guadalupe. 2017. “Paid Domestic Work, Globalization, and Informality.” Population, Space and Place: 1–16.Google Scholar
Hacker, Jacob S. 2002. The Divided Welfare State: The Battle over Public and Private Social Benefits in the United States. New York: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Harbach, Meredith J. 2015. “Childcare Market Failure.” Utah Law Review 2015, 3: 659–719.Google Scholar
Harrison, Cynthia. 1988. On Account of Sex: The Politics of Women’s Issues, 1945–68. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Hochschild, Arlie, and Machung, Anne. 1989. The Second Shift: Working Parents and the Revolution at Home. New York: Viking Press.Google Scholar
Hunter, Tera W. 1997. To ’Joy My Freedom: Southern Black Women’s Lives and Labors After the Civil War. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Jessen-Howard, Steven, and Workman, Simon. 2020. “Coronavirus Pandemic Could Lead to Permanent Loss of Nearly 4.5 Million Childcare Slots,” Center for American Progress, April 23, 2020. www.americanprogress.org/issues/early-childhood/news/2020/04/24/483817/coronavirus-pandemic-lead-permanent-loss-nearly-4-5-million-child-care-slots/Google Scholar
Jones, Jacqueline. 2009. Labors of Love, Labors of Sorrow: Black Women, Work, and the Family, from Slavery to the Present. New York: Basic Books.Google Scholar
Katznelson, Ira. 2013. Fear Itself: The New Deal and the Origins of Our Time. New York: W. W. Norton & Company.Google Scholar
Kennedy, Elizabeth J., and Runnels, Michael B.. 2013 “Bringing New Governance Home: The Need for Regulation in the Domestic Workplace.” University of Missouri-Kansas City Law Review 81, 4: 899–941.Google Scholar
Kessler, Laura T. 2008. “The Politics of Care.” Wisconsin Journal of Law, Gender, & Society 23, 2: 169–199.Google Scholar
Kessler-Harris, Alice. 2001. In Pursuit of Equity: Women, Men, and the Quest for Economic Citizenship in Twentieth-Century America. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Korpi, Walter. 2010. “Class and Gender Inequalities in Different Types of Welfare States: The Social Citizenship Indicator Program.” International Journal of Social Welfare 19: S14–S24.Google Scholar
Kymlikca, Will, and Norman, Wayne. 1994. “Return of the Citizen: A Survey of Recent Work on Citizenship Theory.” Ethics 104, 2: 352–381.Google Scholar
Lefkovits, Alison. 2018. Strange Bedfellows: Marriage in the Age of Women’s Liberation. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
Lin, Shirley. 2016. “‘And Ain’t I a Woman?’: Feminism, Immigrant Caregivers, and New Frontiers for Equality.” Harvard Journal of Law and Gender 39, 1: 67–114.Google Scholar
Maclean, Nancy. 2008. Freedom Is Not Enough: The Opening of the American Workplace. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Malik, Rasheed, Hamm, Katie, Lee, Won F., Davis, Elizabeth E., and Sojourner, Aaron. 2020. “The Coronavirus Will Make Childcare Deserts Worse and Exacerbate Inequality.” Center for American Progress.Google Scholar
Marshall, T.H. 1950. Citizenship and Social Class and Other Essays. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
McClain, Linda C. 2001. “Care as a Public Value: Linking Responsibility, Resources, and Civic Republicanism.” Chicago-Kent Law Review 76, 3: 1673–1731.Google Scholar
McCluskey, Martha T. 2003. “Efficiency and Social Citizenship: Challenging the Neoliberal Attack on the Welfare State.” Indiana Law Journal 78, 2: 783–876.Google Scholar
McGinley, Ann C. 2011. “Work, Caregiving, and Masculinities.” Seattle University Law Review 34, 3 (2011): 703–723.Google Scholar
Mettler, Suzanne. 1998. Dividing Citizens: Gender and Federalism in New Deal Public Policy. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.Google Scholar
Michel, Sonya. 1999. Children’s Interest/Mothers’ Rights: The Shaping of America’s Child Care Policy. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Morgan, Kimberly J. 2001. “A Child of the Sixties: The Great Society, the New Right, and the Politics of Federal Child Care.” Journal of Policy History 13, 2: 215–250.Google Scholar
Nadasen, Premilla. 2015. Household Workers Unite: The Untold Story of African American Women Who Built a Movement. Boston, MA: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Nakano Glenn, Evelyn. 1992. “From Servitude to Service Work: Historical Continuities in the Racial Division of Paid Reproductive Labor.” Signs: Journal of Women in Culture and Society 18, 1: 1–43.Google Scholar
Nakano Glenn, Evelyn. 2000. “Citizenship and Inequality: Historical and Global Perspectives.” Social Problems 47, 1: 1–20.Google Scholar
National Academy of Social Insurance. 2019. Designing Universal Family Care: State-Based Social Insurance Programs for Early Childcare and Education, Paid Family and Medical Leave, and Long-Term Services and Supports.Google Scholar
O’Leary, Ann. 2007. “How Family Leave Laws Left Out Low-Income Workers.” Berkeley Journal of Employment and Labor Law 28, 1: 6–8.Google Scholar
Palmer, Phyllis. 1995. “Outside the Law: Agricultural and Domestic Workers under the Fair Labor Standards Act.” Journal of Policy History 7, 4: 416–440.Google Scholar
Pew Research Center. 2013. On Pay Gap, Millennial Women Near Parity – For Now. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.Google Scholar
Polikoff, Nancy D. 2008. Beyond (Straight and Gay) Marriage: Valuing All Families Under the Law. New York: Beacon Press.Google Scholar
Powell, Catherine. 2020. “Color of Covid: The Racial Justice Paradox of Our New Stay-at-Home Economy,” CNN Opinion. www.cnn.com/2020/04/10/opinions/covid-19-people-of-color-labor-market-disparities-powell/index.htmlGoogle Scholar
Rivchin, Julie Yates. 2004. “Building Power among Low-Wage Immigrant Workers: Some Legal Considerations for Organizing Structures and Strategies.” New York University Review of Law and Social Change 28, 3–4: 397.Google Scholar
Robertson, Campbell, and Gebeloff, Robert. 2020. “How Millions of Women Became the Most Essential Workers in America.” The New York Times, April 18, 2020.Google Scholar
Rohac, Dalibor, Kennedy, Liz, and Singh, Vikram. 2018. “Drivers of Authoritarian Populism in the United States.” Center for American Progress.Google Scholar
Sassen, Saskia. 1991. The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Sayer, Liana C., Bianchi, Suzanne M., and Robinson, John P.. 2004. “Are Parents Investing Less in Children? Trends in Mothers’ and Fathers’ Time with Children.” American Journal of Sociology 110, 1: 1–43.Google Scholar
Schultz, Vicki. 2015. “Taking Sex Discrimination Seriously.” Denver University Law Review 91, 5: 995–1119.Google Scholar
Smith, Peggie R. 2000. “Organizing the Unorganizable: Private Paid Household Workers and Approaches to Employee Representation.” North Carolina Law Review 79, 1: 45–110.Google Scholar
Smith, Peggie R. 2007. “Aging and Caring in the Home: Regulating Paid Domesticity in the Twenty-First Century.” Iowa Law Review 92, 5: 1835–1900.Google Scholar
Smith, Peggie R. 2008. “The Publicization of Home-Based Care Work in State Labor Law.” Minnesota Law Review 92, 5: 1390–1423.Google Scholar
Sohn, Emily. 2020. “When Child Care Centers Close, Parents Scramble to Adapt.” The New York Times, June 10. www.nytimes.com/2020/06/10/parenting/virus-day-care-bright-horizons.htmlGoogle Scholar
Siegel, Reva B. 1994. “Home as Work: The First Woman’s Rights Clams Concerning Wives’ Household Labor, 1850-1880.” Yale Law Journal 103, 5: 1073–1217.Google Scholar
Swinth, Kirsten. 2018. Feminism’s Forgotten Fight: The Unfinished Struggle for Work and Family. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Turk, Katherine. 2016. Equality on Trial: Gender and Rights in the Modern American Workplace. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.Google Scholar
US Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2008. Women in Labor Force: A Databook. Washington, DC: US Bureau of Labor Statistics. www.bls.gov/cps/wlf-table7-2008.pdfGoogle Scholar
US Bureau of Labor Statistics. 2020. Employment Characteristics of Families Survey. Washington, DC: US Bureau of Labor Statistics. www.bls.gov/news.release/famee.nr0.htmGoogle Scholar
Waldfogel, Jane. 1997. “The Effects of Children on Women’s Wages.” American Sociological Review 62, 2: 209–217.Google Scholar
Woloch, Nancy. 2015. A Class by Herself: Protective Laws for Women Workers, 1890s–1990s. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Williams, Joan C. 2008. Reshaping the Work-Family Debate: Why Men and Class Matter. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Witt, John Fabian. 2009. The Accidental Republic. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
Young, Iris Marion. 1990. Justice and the Politics of Difference. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.Google Scholar
Zigler, Edward, Marsland, Katherine, and Lord, Heather. 2009. The Tragedy of Childcare in America. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.Google Scholar
Zimmerman, M. K., Litt, J. S., and Bose, C. E.. 2006. “Globalization and Multiple Crises of Care,” in Zimmerman, M. K., Litt, J. S., and Bose, C. E., eds. Global Dimensions of Gender and Carework. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press: 9–27.Google Scholar