Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-8ctnn Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-27T22:23:25.681Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 12 - Right-Dislocation in Korean: An Overview

from Part III - Morphology and Syntax

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2022

By
Heejeong Ko
Edited by
Sungdai Cho  and
John Whitman
Sungdai Cho
Affiliation:
Binghamton University, State University of New York
John Whitman
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
Get access

Summary

Chapter 12 analyzes the phenomenon whereby various types of elements may appear in postverbal position in Korean: arguments such as the subject, the object, the indirect object, and clausal complements may be dislocated to the right. Moreover, a variety of non-argument projections such as adverbials, prepositional phrases, relative clauses, and small clause predicates may also appear in a postverbal position. The chapter focuses on two basic issues on RDCs: (i) whether the RDC involves a mono-clausal or bi-clausal structure and (ii) whether postverbal elements undergo movement or are base-generated. The chapter also looks into differences among sub-varieties of RDCs in Korean, as classified by the grammatical and semantic function of the Right-Dislocated material, the type of the correlate in the main clause, and the number of dislocated items. Cross-linguistic implications of the Korean data for the current research on RDCs in other languages such as English, Dutch, German, and Bangla are also discussed.

Keywords

word orderRight Dislocationcorrelateappendixhead-final languagesmovementbase-generationspecificationfragmentscrambling
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Korean Linguistics , pp. 339 - 375
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abe, Jun. 1999. On directionality of movement: A case of Japanese right dislocation. Ms., Nagoya University.Google Scholar
Abe, Jun. 2015. Two types of Japanese right dislocation under the bi-clausal analysis. Paper presented at Workshop on Altaic Formal Linguistics 11, University of York, 4–6 June.Google Scholar
Abe, Jun. 2016. Against the “repair by ellipsis” approach: The case of Japanese multiple right dislocation. In Seoul International Conference on Generative Grammar (SICOGG) 18, 3–16. Seoul: The Korean Generative Grammar Circle.Google Scholar
Ahn, Hee-Don. 2012. Cokakmwun yenkwu [Studies on Fragments]. Seoul: Hankuk Mwunhwasa.Google Scholar
Ahn, Hee-Don, and Cho, Sungeun. 2015. Right dislocation vs. fragment: A reply to Ko (2014). Studies in Generative Grammar 25: 427–46.Google Scholar
Ahn, Hee-Don, and Cho, Sungeun. 2016. A uniform analysis of right dislocation: A reply to Ko (2016). Language Research 52(2): 213–45.Google Scholar
Bhatt, Rajesh, and Dayal, Veneeta. 2007. Rightward scrambling as rightward remnant movement. Linguistic Inquiry 38: 287–301.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valentina, Bianchi, and Zamparelli, Roberto. 2004. Edge coordinations: Focus and conjunction reduction. In Tsoulas, George, Adger, David, and de Cat, Cicile, eds., Peripheries: Syntactic Edges and Their Effects. Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 313–28.Google Scholar
Bošković, Željko. 2008. On the operator freezing effect. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 26: 249–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cho, Jai-Hyoung. 1994. Scrambling in Korean: Crossover, reconstruction and binding theory. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Connecticut, Storrs.Google Scholar
Choe, Hyon-Sook. 1987. Successive-cyclic rightward movement in Korean. In Kuno, S. et al., eds., Harvard Studies in Korean Linguistics 2. Seoul: Hanshin Publishing Company, pp. 40–56.Google Scholar
Choe, Hyon-Sook. 1988. Restructuring parameters and complex predicates: A transformational approach. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Choi, Jaeyoung. 2008. Economy in rightward movement. Unpublished MA thesis, SNU.Google Scholar
Choi, Youngju. 2006. Base-generated right-dislocation. In Kuno, S. et al., eds., Harvard Studies in Korean Linguistics 11. Seoul: Hanshin Publishing Company, pp. 387–400.Google Scholar
Choi, Youngsik. 2012. Argument negative polarity items redux. Studies in Modern Grammar 68: 113–36.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 1995. The Minimalist Program. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Chomsky, Noam. 2000. Minimalist inquiries: the framework. In Martin, R. et al., eds., Step by Step: Essays on Minimalist Syntax in Honor of Howard Lasnik. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 89–155.Google Scholar
Chung, Daeho. 2008. Agree but not necessarily at the same time. Studies in Generative Grammar 18: 509–24.Google Scholar
Chung, Daeho. 2009. An elliptical coordination analysis of the right dislocated construction in Korean. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal 17(4): 1–23.Google Scholar
Chung, Daeho. 2010. Replies to Lee (2009): In defense of a double clause approach to the right dislocated construction in Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar 61: 167–96.Google Scholar
Chung, Daeho. 2011. A constituency-based explanation of syntactic restrictions on Korean predicates. Linguistic Research 28(1): 199–221.Google Scholar
Chung, Daeho. 2012. Pre- vs. post-verbal asymmetries and the syntax of Korean right dislocated construction. Studies in Generative Grammar 22(4):703–21.Google Scholar
Chung, Daeho. 2015. Some notes on Ko’s (2014b, 2015) hybrid approach to the Korean RDC. Studies in Generative Grammar 25(3): 735–54.Google Scholar
Chung, Daeho. 2016. On what determines the modification relation in Korean adnominal adjunct RDCs. Linguistic Research 33(3): 351–70.Google Scholar
Kiss, Katalin. 1998. Identificational focus versus information focus. Language 74(2): 245–73.Google Scholar
Kiss, Katalin. 2010. Structural focus and exhaustivity. In Zimmermann, M. and Fery, C., eds., Information Structure: Theoretical, Typological and Experimental Perspectives. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 64–88.Google Scholar
Givón, T. 2001. Syntax Vol. 1. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar
Haegeman, Liliane. 2006. Conditionals, factives and the left periphery. Lingua 116: 1651–69.Google Scholar
Heycock, Caroline, and Kroch, Anthony. 1999. Pseudocleft connectivity: Implications for the LF interface. Linguistic Inquiry 30: 365–97.Google Scholar
Hiraiwa, Ken, and Ishihara, Shinichiro. 2012. Syntactic metamorphosis: Clefts, sluicing, and in-situ focus in Japanese. Syntax 15(2): 142–80.Google Scholar
Hornstein, Norbert. 2009. A Theory of Syntax: Minimal Operations and Universal Grammar. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Hornstein, Norbert, and Nunes, Jairo. 2008. Adjunction, labeling, and bare phrase structure. Biolinguistics 2: 57–86.Google Scholar
Im, Hongbin, and Chang, Sowon. 1995. Kukemwunpeplon 1 [Korean Grammar 1]. Seoul: Korea Broadcasting University Press.Google Scholar
Kayne, Richard S. 1994. The Antisymmetry of Syntax. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press.Google Scholar
Kim, Kwang-sup. 1999. A paradox in Korean NPI licensing. Studies in Generative Grammar 9:403–28.Google Scholar
Kim, Rhanghyeyun. 2013. On the negativity of negative fragment answers and ellipsis resolution. Studies in Generative Grammar 23:171–97.Google Scholar
Kim, Sun-Woong, and Hong, Yong-Tcheol. 2013. Hanging topic, pseudo right dislocation, and (pseudo) fragment answers. Talk presented at Dongguk University, December 7, 2013.Google Scholar
Kim, Sun-Woong, and Park, Myung-Kwan. 2010. Parallel linearization: A thought on afterthought. The Journal of Studies in Linguistics 26(3): 459–80.Google Scholar
Ko, Heejeong. 2014a. Edges in Syntax: Scrambling and Cyclic Linearization. Oxford: Oxford University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ko, Heejeong. 2014b. Remarks on right dislocation construction in Korean: Challenges to bi-clausal analyses. Language Research 50(2): 275–310.Google Scholar
Ko, Heejeong. 2015a. Two ways to the right: A hybrid approach to right-dislocation in Korean. Language Research 51(1): 3–40.Google Scholar
Ko, Heejeong. 2015b. Types of right dislocation: Copies, adjuncts, and fragments in syntax. Paper presented at the Workshop on Altaic Formal Linguistics 11, University of York, June 4–6, 2015.Google Scholar
Ko, Heejeong. 2016. Gapless right-dislocation: The role of overt correlates. Language Research 52: 1–30.Google Scholar
Ko, Heejeong. 2017. Right dislocation: Copies vs. fragments. In Halpert, Claire, Kotek, Hadas, and van Urk, Coppe, eds., A Pesky Set: A festschrift for David Pesetsky, MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 80. Cambridge, MA: MIT, Department of Linguistics and Philosophy, pp. 253–62.Google Scholar
Ko, Heejeong. 2018. Scrambling in Korean syntax. In Aronoff, Mark, ed., Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Linguistics. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Ko, Heejeong, and Choi, Jaeyoung. 2009. Rightward movement and output economy. In Seoul International Conference on Generative Grammar (SICOGG) 11, 247–55. Seoul: The Korean Generative Grammar Circle.Google Scholar
Kornfilt, Jaklin. 1998. On rightward movement in Turkish. In Johanson, L., ed., The Mainz Meeting: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Turkish Linguistics, 107–23. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.Google Scholar
Kornfilt, Jaklin. 2005. Asymmetries between pre-verbal and post-verbal scrambling in Turkish. In Sabel, Joachim and Saito, Mamoru, eds., The Free Word Order Phenomenon: Its Syntactic Sources and Diversity. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 163–80.Google Scholar
Kuno, Susumu. 1978. Danwa-no Bunpo [Grammar of Discourse]. Tokyo: Taishukan Shoten.Google Scholar
Kural, Murat. 1997. Postverbal constituents in Turkish and the linear correspondence axiom. Linguistic Inquiry 28(3): 498–519.Google Scholar
Lambrecht, Kund. 2001. Dislocation. In Haspelmath, Martin, ed., Language Typology and Language Universals: An International Handbook Vol. 2. Berlin and New York: Walter de Gruyter, pp. 1050–78.Google Scholar
Lee, Chung-Hoon. 2009. The structure of Korean afterthought constructions [written in Korean]. Emwunyenkwu 142: 31–54.Google Scholar
Lee, Chung-Hoon. 2010. Some notes on Korean after-thought constructions [written in Korean]. Studies in Generative Grammar 59: 119–32.Google Scholar
Lee, Chung-Hoon. 2013. Why are WH-afterthoughts impossible? [written in Korean]. Studies in Modern Grammar 72: 105–19.Google Scholar
Lee, Jeong-Shik. 2007. Deriving SOV from SVO in Korean. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal 15: 1–20.Google Scholar
Lee, Jeong-Shik. 2008. Notes on right dislocated constructions in Korean. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal 16: 47–68.Google Scholar
Lee, Jeong-Shik. 2009. A verb-initial single clause analysis of right-dislocated constructions in Korean. Studies in Modern Grammar 57: 1270.Google Scholar
Lee, Jeong-Shik. 2013. Replies to Chung (2012): On pre- vs. post-verbal asymmetries in Korean. Studies in Generative Grammar 23: 171–97.Google Scholar
Lee, Jeong-Shik. 2016. Right dislocated elements and fragments in Korean. Studies in Generative Grammar 26(2): 115–41.Google Scholar
Lee, Wooseung. 2009. The role of case-marked noun phrase in clause structure building. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign.Google Scholar
Lee, Wooseung. 2010. The architecture of right dislocation constructions. Studies in Generative Grammar 20: 521–43.Google Scholar
Lidz, Jeffrey. 1999. The morphosemantics of object case in Kannada. In Bird, Sonya, Carnie, Andrew, Haugen, Jason D., and Norquest, Peter, eds., West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL) 18. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press, pp. 325–36.Google Scholar
Mahajan, Anoop Kumar. 1988. Scrambling, weak crossover and binding. Ms., MIT, Cambridge, MA [recited from Mahajan 1997].Google Scholar
Mahajan, Anoop Kumar. 1990. The A/A’-distinction and movement theory. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Mahajan, Anoop Kumar. 1997. Rightward scrambling. In Beerman, Dorothee et al., eds., Rightward Movement. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 185–213.Google Scholar
Manetta, Emily. 2012. Reconsidering rightward scrambling: Postverbal constituents in Hindi-Urdu. Linguistic Inquiry 43(1): 43–74.Google Scholar
Merchant, Jason. 2004. Fragments and ellipsis. Linguistics and Philosophy 27: 661–738.Google Scholar
Nunes, Jairo. 2001. Sideward movement. Linguistic Inquiry 32: 303–44.Google Scholar
Ott, Dennis, and de Vries, Mark. 2016. Right-dislocation as deletion. Natural Language & Linguistic Theory 34(2): 641–90.Google Scholar
Pak, Miok D. 2008. Types of clauses and sentence end particles in Korean. Korean Linguistics 14(1): 113–56.Google Scholar
Park, Bum-Sik. 2005. Island-insensitive fragment answers in Korean. In Alderete, John, Han, Chung-hye, and Kochetov, Alexei, eds., West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL) 24. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press, pp. 317–25.Google Scholar
Park, Bum-Sik, and Kim, Hyosik. 2016. Case-drop, left-branch extraction and multiplicity in the right-dislocation construction. Linguistic Research 33(2): 259–97.Google Scholar
Park, Bum-Sik, and Sei-Rang, Oh. 2017a. On the island-(in)sensitivity in the right-dislocation construction in Korean. The Journal of Linguistic Science 83: 135–53.Google Scholar
Park, Bum-Sik, and Sei-Rang, Oh. 2017b. On the nature of the gap in the gapped RDC. Studies in Generative Grammar 27(4): 735–78.Google Scholar
Park, Myung-Kwan. 2012. Left branch extraction in fragment and truncated cleft construction in Korean. Studies in Generative Grammar 22(1): 219–33.Google Scholar
Park, Myung-Kwan. 2013. On amwuto “anyone” and its kin in Korean: Their status and licensing as a fragment answer. Studies in Generative Grammar 23: 171–97.Google Scholar
Park, Myung-Kwan, and Kim, Sun-Woong. 2009. The syntax of afterthoughts in Korean: Move and delete. The Linguistic Association of Korea Journal 17: 25–53.Google Scholar
Park, So-Young. 2013. Polarity mismatches in Korean fragments. Studies in Generative Grammar 23(4): 867–81.Google Scholar
Rizzi, Luigi. 1997. The fine structure of the left periphery. In Haegeman, L., ed., Elements of Grammar. Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 281–337.Google Scholar
Rizzi, Luigi. 2006. On the form of chains: Criterial positions and ECP effects. In Cheng, L. and Corver, N., eds., Wh-Movement: Moving On. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, pp. 97–133.Google Scholar
Rizzi, Luigi. 2015. Cartography, criteria, and labeling. In Shlonsky, Ur, ed., Beyond Functional Sequence: The Cartography of Syntactic Structures Vol. 10. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 314–38.Google Scholar
Ross, John. R. 1967. Constraints on variables in syntax. Ph.D. dissertation, MIT, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Saito, Mamoru. 1989. Scrambling as semantically vacuous A’-movement. In Baltin, M. and Kroch, A., eds., Alternative Conceptions of Phrase Structure. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, pp. 182–200.Google Scholar
Saito, Mamoru. 1992. Long-distance scrambling in Japanese. Journal of East Asian Linguistics 1: 69–118.Google Scholar
Sells, Peter. 1999. Japanese postposing involves no movement. Paper presented at the meeting of the Linguistic Association of Great Britain, Lancaster.Google Scholar
Sells, Peter, and Kim, Shin-Sook. 2006. Korean NPIs scope over negation. Language Research 42(2): 275–97.Google Scholar
Seo, Saetbyol. 2017. The syntax of jussives: Speaker and hearer at the syntax-discourse interface. Ph.D. dissertation, Seoul National University.Google Scholar
Simpson, Andrew, and Choudhury, Arunima. 2015. The nonuniform syntax of postverbal elements in SOV languages: Hindi, Bangla, and the rightward scrambling debate. Linguistic Inquiry 46(3): 533–51.Google Scholar
Sohn, Keun-Won. 1995. Negative polarity items, scope, and economy. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Connecticut, Storrs.Google Scholar
Takano, Yuji. 2007. Making rightward scrambling possible. In Kawano, Y. and Takahashi, H., eds., Kinjo gakuin daigaku ronshu [Studies in Humanities] Vol. 3. Nagoya, Japan: Kinjo Gakuin University, pp. 17–58.Google Scholar
Takano, Yuji. 2014. A comparative approach to Japanese postposing. In Saito, M., ed., Japanese Syntax in Comparative Perspective. New York: Oxford University Press, pp. 139–80.Google Scholar
Takita, Kensuke. 2011. Argument ellipsis in Japanese right dislocation. In McClure, W. and den Dikken, M., eds., Japanese/Korean Linguistics 18. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications, pp. 380–91.Google Scholar
Takita, Kensuke. 2014. Pseudo-right dislocation, the bare-topic construction, and hanging topic constructions. Lingua 140: 137–57.Google Scholar
Tanaka, Hidekazu. 2001. Right-dislocation as scrambling. Journal of Linguistics 37: 551–79.Google Scholar
Watanabe, Akira. 1992. Wh-in-situ, subjacency, and chain formation: MIT occasional papers in linguistics 2. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Watanabe, Akira. 2004. The genesis of negative concord: Syntax and morphology of negative doubling. Linguistic Inquiry 35: 559–612.Google Scholar
Whitman, John. 2000. Right dislocation in English and Japanese. In Takami, et al., eds., Syntactic and Functional Exploration: In Honor of Susumu Kuno. Tokyo: Kurosio Publishers, pp. 445–70.Google Scholar
Yamashita, Hideaki. 2011. An(other) argument for the “repetition” analysis of Japanese right dislocation: Evidence from distribution of thematic topic -wa. In McClure, W. and den Dikken, M., eds., Japanese/Korean Linguistics 18. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications, pp. 410–22.Google Scholar
Yim, Changguk. 2013. Bi-clausal evidence for right dislocation in Korean. Studies in Generative Grammar 23(1): 25–39.Google Scholar
Yoon, James Hye Suk. 2013. Implications of constraints on null constituents for analyses of the right dislocation construction. Paper presented at the Department of English Colloquium, Dongguk University.Google Scholar
Yoon, James. 2016. Implications of constraints on null constituents for analyses of the right dislocation construction. In Kenstowicz, Mike, Levin, Ted, and Masuda, Ryo, eds., Japanese-Korean Linguistics 23. Stanford, CA: CSLI Publications.Google Scholar
Yoon, James, and Lee, Wooseung. 2005. Conjunction reduction and its consequences for noun phrase morphosyntax in Korean. In Alderete, John, Han, Chung-hye, and Kochetov, Alexei, eds., West Coast Conference on Formal Linguistics (WCCFL) 24. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Press, 379–87.Google Scholar
Yun, Suyeon. 2013. Post-verbal arguments in Korean: Syntax, prosody, and information structure. Ms., MIT, Cambridge, MA.Google Scholar
Zwart, Jan-Wouter. 2011. The Syntax of Dutch. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×