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Chapter 2 - Phonology: An Overview

from Part I - Korean Overview

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  30 September 2022

By
Young-Key Kim-Renaud
Edited by
Sungdai Cho  and
John Whitman
Sungdai Cho
Affiliation:
Binghamton University, State University of New York
John Whitman
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

Chapter 2 discusses some of the most salient and yet persistently controversial and significant phenomena in Korean phonology: lenis obstruent voicing, stop neutralization, consonant cluster simplification, consonant assimilation, consonantal fortition, Saisiot, vowel deletion and insertion, vowel devoicing and assimilation, monophthongization, vowel harmony, and sound symbolism. The chapter focuses on the Seoul Standard Dialect. One salient and recurrent theme is the theoretical issue of the relative strength of each sound, both inherent and in its environment. Some sounds are held to be “stronger” than others; we see that these sounds are exploited not only in sound symbolism but also in the application or non-application of certain rules. Boundaries play a significant role in Korean phonology and are analyzed as prosodic units in contemporary analyses. The Korean-specific basis of articulation, particularly obligatory unreleasing, results in many interesting weakening effects, including consonant cluster simplification, various assimilatory phenomena, and various consonant and vowel insertions by backward generalizations.

Keywords

Tri-partite distinction of obstruentsbright and dark vowelslenis obstruent voicingneutralizationdevoicingassimilationsaisiottensificationvowel deletionand insertionstrong and weak positionssyllablesvowel harmonysound symbolismprosody+K22
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Korean Linguistics , pp. 17 - 62
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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References

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Traditional Editions, by Title

Hwunmin ceng’um 訓民正音 훈민정음 (Correct sounds for the instruction of the people). Comp. King Sejong 世宗大王. Original xylographic ed. 1446, together with Hwunmin ceng’um haylyey (see next). Photolithographic reprint. Seoul: Cosen’e hakhoy, 1946. (Ledyard 1997: 82)Google Scholar
Hwunmin ceng’um haylyey 訓民正音解例 훈민정음해례 (Explanations and examples of the correct sounds for the instruction of the people). Comp. Ceng Inci 鄭麟趾, Sin Swukcwu 申叔舟, et al. Original xylographic ed. 1446, together with Hwunmin ceng’um (see preceding). Photolithographic reprint. Seoul: Cosen’e hakhoy, 1946. (Ledyard 1997: 82)Google Scholar

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