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23 - Problem-Solving and Intelligence

from Part V - Intelligence and Information Processing

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  13 December 2019

By
David Z. Hambrick ,
Alexander P. Burgoyne  and
Erik M. Altmann
Edited by
Robert J. Sternberg
Robert J. Sternberg
Affiliation:
Cornell University, New York
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Summary

In this chapter we discuss the link between intelligence and problem-solving. To preview, we argue that the ability to solve problems is not just an aspect or feature of intelligence – it is the essence of intelligence. We briefly review evidence from psychometric research concerning the nature of individual differences in intelligence, and then review evidence for how intelligence relates to complex problem-solving. We also consider the question of what mechanisms might underlie both problem-solving and intelligence, focusing on fluid intelligence and some of our own research on placekeeping ability. We then discuss the predictive validity of intelligence as it relates to job performance, mortality, expertise, and academic achievement. We also discuss practical uses of intelligence tests. Finally, we consider the question of whether intelligence as problem-solving ability can be improved through training. We close with directions for future research.

Keywords

problem-solvingintelligenceindividual differencespredictive validityplacekeeping abilitytransfer of trainingjob performanceacademic achievementexpertise
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Intelligence , pp. 553 - 579
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2020

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