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13 - Machine Learning, Cognitive Sovereignty and Data Protection Rights with Respect to Automated Decisions

from Part II - Information and Communication Technologies and Human Rights

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  17 May 2022

Marcello Ienca
Affiliation:
College of Humanities, EPFL Lausanne
Oreste Pollicino
Affiliation:
Bocconi University Faculty of Law, Italy
Laura Liguori
Affiliation:
Portolano Cavallo
Elisa Stefanini
Affiliation:
Portolano Cavallo
Roberto Andorno
Affiliation:
University of Zurich Faculty of Law
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Summary

Human behaviour is increasingly governed by automated decisional systems based on machine learning (ML) and ‘Big Data’. While these systems promise a range of benefits, they also throw up a congeries of challenges, not least for our ability as humans to understand their logic and ramifications. This chapter maps the basic mechanics of such systems, the concerns they raise, and the degree to which these concerns may be remedied by data protection law, particularly those provisions of the EU General Data Protection Regulation that specifically target automated decision-making. Drawing upon the work of Ulrich Beck, the chapter employs the notion of ‘cognitive sovereignty’ to provide an overarching conceptual framing of the subject matter. Cognitive sovereignty essentially denotes our moral and legal interest in being able to comprehend our environs and ourselves. Focus on this interest, the chapter argues, fills a blind spot in scholarship and policy discourse on ML-enhanced decisional systems, and is vital for grounding claims for greater explicability of machine processes.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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