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Introduction

from Section III - Challenges of Research on Implicit Bias

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  21 December 2024

Jon A. Krosnick
Affiliation:
Stanford University, California
Tobias H. Stark
Affiliation:
Utrecht University, The Netherlands
Amanda L. Scott
Affiliation:
The Strategy Team, Columbus, Ohio
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Summary

In previous sections, we saw that implicit measures of prejudice were not consistent predictors of behavior, a conclusion in line with meta-analyses documenting relatively weak associations between implicit measures and behavior (Greenwald et al., 2009, 2015; Kurdi et al., 2018; Oswald et al., 2015). If we take implicit bias scores too literally, this can lead to the labeling of some people as prejudiced when they do not manifest prejudiced behavior. Some observers wonder whether such mismatch instances are the results of base rate knowledge.

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Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2025

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References

Greenwald, A. G., Banaji, M. R., & Nosek, B. A. (2015). Statistically small effects of the Implicit Association Test can have societally large effects. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(4), 553561. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000016CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Greenwald, A. G., Poehlman, T. A., Uhlmann, E. L., et al. (2009). Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 97(1), 1741. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015575CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
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Kurdi, B., Seitchik, A. E., Axt, J. R., et al. (2018). Relationship between the Implicit Association Test and intergroup behavior: A meta-analysis. American Psychologist, 74(5), 569586. https://doi.org/10.1037/amp0000364CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitchell, G., & Tetlock, P. E. (2017). Popularity as a poor proxy for utility. In Lilienfeld, S. O. & Waldman, I. D. (Eds.), Psychological Science Under Scrutiny: Recent Challenges and Proposed Solutions (pp. 164195). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119095910.ch10CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Oswald, F. L., Mitchell, G., Blanton, H., et al. (2015). Using the IAT to predict ethnic and racial discrimination: Small effect sizes of unknown societal significance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 108(4), 562571. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspa0000023CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed

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