Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-mlc7c Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-02T19:13:31.560Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

2.3 - Intimate Partner Violence

from Part II - Psychology and Criminal Behaviour

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  02 December 2021

By
Elizabeth Gilchrist
Edited by
Jennifer M. Brown  and
Miranda A. H. Horvath
Jennifer M. Brown
Affiliation:
London School of Economics and Political Science
Miranda A. H. Horvath
Affiliation:
University of Suffolk
Get access

Summary

This chapter seeks to review the current definitions, laws, thinking and theorising around intimate partner violence, from a UK perspective. The breadth of the behaviours included within this type of offending and the importance and centrality of control within many definitions is highlighted. Differences between 2 key approaches to intimate partner violence or domestic abuse are explored an and the tension between traditional psychological/individually focused approaches and feminist/explanation at a societal/structural level are identified. Heterogeneity across perpetrators and the range of typologies that have been developed to address these differences are described and critiques and issues linked to male victims and female perpetrators and IPV within same sex couples if briefly reviewed.Links between substance use and IPV are considered and a range of models, including the multiple thresholds model, are reviewed. The need for integrated theories is considered. General risk factors for IPV are described and individual risk markers for some perpetrators of IPV are identified.Current commonly used risk assessment tools are described and targets for intervention are briefly explored.

Keywords

Intimate PartnerViolenceAbuseDomesticPerpetrators
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Forensic Psychology , pp. 218 - 245
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Adewunmi, B. (2014, April 2). Kimberlé Crenshaw on intersectionality : “I wanted to come up with an everyday metaphor that anyone could use.” New Statesman. www.newstatesman.com/lifestyle/2014/04/kimberl-crenshaw-intersectionality-i-wanted-come-everyday-metaphor-anyone-could.Google Scholar
Afifi, T. O., Henriksen, C. A., Asmundson, G. J., & Sareen, J. (2012). Victimization and perpetration of intimate partner violence and substance use disorders in a nationally representative sample. The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 200(8), 684–691.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arroyo, K., Lundahl, B., Butters, R., Vanderloo, M., & Wood, D. S. (2017). Short-term interventions for survivors of intimate partner violence: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse, 18(2), 155–171.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Babcock, J. C., Green, C. E., & Robie, C. (2004). Does batterers’ treatment work? A meta-analytic review of domestic violence treatment. Clinical psychology review, 23(8), 1023–1053.Google Scholar
Bates, E. A. (2020). “Walking on egg shells”: A qualitative examination of men’s experiences of intimate partner violence. Psychology of Men and Masculinity, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1037/men0000203Google Scholar
Bland, R., & Orn, H. (1986). Family violence and psychiatric disorder. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 1, 129–137.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bandura, A. (1977). Social learning theory. Prentice-Hall.Google Scholar
Bornstein, R. F. (2006). The complex relationship between dependency and domestic violence: Converging psychological factors and social forces. American Psychologist, 61(6), 595.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Bowen, E., Gilchrist, E. A., & Beech, A. R. (2005). An examination of the impact of community-based rehabilitation on the offending behaviour of male domestic violence offenders and the characteristics associated with recidivism. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.1348/135532505X36778Google Scholar
Burman, M., & Brooks-Hay, O. (2018). Aligning policy and law? The creation of a domestic abuse offence incorporating coercive control. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 18(1), 67–83.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Caetano, R., Vaeth, P. A. C., & Ramisetty-Mikler, S. (2008). Intimate partner violence victim and perpetrator characteristics among couples in the United States. Journal of Family Violence, 23(6), 507–518.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Campbell, J. C. (1995). Assessing dangerousness: Violence by sexual offenders, batterers, and child abusers. Sage.Google Scholar
Campbell, J. C. (2002). Health consequences of intimate partner violence. The Lancet, 359(9314), 1331–1336.Google Scholar
Campbell, J. C., Webster, D. W., & Glass, N. (2009). The Danger Assessment. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24(4), 653–674.Google Scholar
Capaldi, D. M., & Clark, S. (1998). Prospective family predictors of aggression toward female partners for at-risk young men. Developmental Psychology, 34(6), 1175.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Capaldi, D. M., Dishion, T. J., Stoolmiller, M., & Yoerger, K. (2001). Aggression toward female partners by at-risk young men: The contribution of male adolescent friendships. Developmental Psychology, 37(1), 61.Google Scholar
Capaldi, D. M., Knoble, N. B., Shortt, J. W., & Kim, H. K. (2012). A systematic review of risk factors for intimate partner violence. Partner Abuse, 3(2), 231–280.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Carney, M., Buttell, F., & Dutton, D. (2007). Women who perpetrate intimate partner violence: A review of the literature with recommendations for treatment. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 12(1), 108–115.Google Scholar
Carton, H., & Egan, V. (2017). The dark triad and intimate partner violence. Personality and Individual Differences, 105, 84–88.Google Scholar
Carvalho, A. F., Lewis, R. J., Derlega, V. J., Winstead, B. A., & Viggiano, C. (2011). Internalized sexual minority stressors and same-sex intimate partner violence. Journal of Family Violence, 26(7), 501–509.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cascardi, M., Langhinrichsen, J., & Vivian, D. (1992). Marital aggression: Impact, injury, and health correlates for husbands and wives. Archives of Internal Medicine, 152(6), 1178–1184.Google Scholar
Cattaneo, L. B. (2008). Evan Stark, Coercive Control—revitalizing a movement. Sex Roles, 58(7–8), 592–594.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cattaneo, L. B., & Goodman, L. A. (2005). Risk factors for reabuse in intimate partner violence: a cross-disciplinary critical review. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse, 6(2), 141–175.Google Scholar
Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2013, January). Alternatives for families : a cognitive-behavioral therapy. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2–11.Google Scholar
Chiu, T. Y. (2017). Marriage migration as a multifaceted system: the intersectionality of intimate partner violence in cross-border marriages. Violence Against Women, 23(11), 1293–1313.Google Scholar
Corvo, K., & Johnson, P. (2013). Sharpening Ockham’s razor: yhe role of psychopathology and neuropsychopathology in the perpetration of domestic violence. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 18(1), 175–182.Google Scholar
Cramer, E. P., & Plummer, S. B. (2009). People of color with disabilities: Intersectionality as a framework for analyzing intimate partner violence in social, historical, and political contexts. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 18(2), 162–181.Google Scholar
Daly, M., Wilson, M., & Weghorst, S. J. (1982). Male sexual jealousy. Ethology and Sociobiology, 3(1), 11–27.Google Scholar
Davis, JP, Ingram, KM, Merrin, GJ, Espelage, DL. (2018). Exposure to parental and community violence and the relationship to bullying perpetration and victimization among early adolescents: A parallel process growth mixture latent transition analysis. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology, 61, 77–89.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
de Bellis, M. D., & Zisk, A. (2014). The biological effects of childhood trauma. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 23(2), 185–222.Google Scholar
Dixon, L., Archer, J., & Graham‐Kevan, N. (2012). Perpetrator programmes for partner violence: Are they based on ideology or evidence?. Legal and Criminological Psychology, 17(2), 196–215.Google Scholar
Dixon, L., & Graham-Kevan, N. (2011). Understanding the nature and etiology of intimate partner violence and implications for practice and policy. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(7), 1145–1155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2011.07.001CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Dobash, R. P., & Dobash, R.E. (1992). Women, violence and social change. Routledge.Google Scholar
Dobash, R. P., & Dobash, R. E. (2004). Women’s violence to men in intimate relationships: Working on a puzzle. British Journal of Criminology, 44(3), 324–349.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dobash, R., Dobash, R., Cavanagh, K., & Lewis, J. (1996). Research evaluation of programmes for violent men. Scottish Office.Google Scholar
Dobash, R. P., Dobash, R. E., Wilson, M., & Daly, M. (1992). The myth of sexual symmetry in marital violence. Social Problems, 39(1), 71–91.Google Scholar
Dutton, D. G. (1985). An ecologically nested theory of male violence toward intimates. International Journal of Women’s Studies.Google Scholar
Dutton, D. G., & Browning, J. J. (1988). Power struggles and intimacy anxieties as causative factors of wife assault. In Russell, G. W. (Ed.), Violence in intimate relationships (pp. 163–175). PMA.Google Scholar
Dutton, D. G. (1999). The abusive personality: Violence and control in intimate relationships. Guilford Press, 1998.Google Scholar
Eckhardt, C. I., & Dye, M. L. (2000). The cognitive characteristics of maritally violent men: Theory and evidence. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 24(2), 139–158.Google Scholar
Eckhardt, C. I., Parrott, D. J., & Sprunger, J. G. (2015). Mechanisms of alcohol-facilitated intimate partner violence. Violence Against Women, 21(8), 939–957.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Ehrensaft, M. K., Cohen, P., Brown, J., Smailes, E., Chen, H., & Johnson, J. G. (2003). Intergenerational transmission of partner violence: a 20-year prospective study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 71(4), 741.Google Scholar
Elkin, M. (2019, November). Domestic abuse in England and Wales overview: November 2019. Statistical Bulletin Domestic, 1–8.Google Scholar
Fals-Stewart, W., Leonard, K. E., & Birchler, G. R. (2005). The occurrence of male-to-female intimate partner violence on days of men’s drinking: The moderating effects of antisocial personality disorder. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 73(2), 239.Google Scholar
Faulk, M. (1974). Men who assault their wives. Medicine, Science and the Law, 14(3), 180–183.Google Scholar
Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R. K., & Turner, H. A. (2007). Poly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31(1), 7–26.Google Scholar
Foran, H. M., & O’Leary, K. D. (2008). Alcohol and intimate partner violence: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(7), 1222–1234.Google Scholar
Ford, J. D., Hartman, J. K., Hawke, J., & Chapman, J. F. (2008). Traumatic victimization, posttraumatic stress disorder, suicidal ideation, and substance abuse risk among juvenile justice-involved youth. Journal of Child & Adolescent Trauma, 1(1), 75–92.Google Scholar
Frankland, A., & Brown, J. (2014). Coercive control in same-sex intimate partner violence. Journal of Family Violence, 29(1), 15–22.Google Scholar
Gadd, D., Henderson, J., Radcliffe, P., Stephens-Lewis, D., Johnson, A., & Gilchrist, G. (2019). The dynamics of domestic abuse and drug and alcohol dependency. The British Journal of Criminology, 59(5), 1035–1053.Google Scholar
Gass, Z. G., & Nichols, W. C. (1988). Gaslighting: a marital syndrome. Comtemporary Family Therapy, 10(1), 3–16.Google Scholar
Geffner, R. A., & Rosenbaum, A. (2001). Domestic violence offenders: Treatment and intervention standards. Journal of Aggression, Maltreatment & Trauma, 5(2), 1–9.Google Scholar
Gelles, R. J., & Straus, M. A. (1979). Violence in the American family. Journal of Social Issues, 35(2), 15–39.Google Scholar
Gilchrist, E. A., Ireland, L., Forsyth, A., Godwin, J., & Laxton, T. (2017). Alcohol use, alcohol‐related aggression and intimate partner abuse: A cross‐sectional survey of convicted versus general population men in Scotland. Drug and Alcohol Review, 36(1), 20–23.Google Scholar
Gilchrist, E., Johnson, R., Takriti, R., Weston, S., Beech, A., & Kebbel, M. (2003). Domestic violence offenders: characteristics and offending related needs. Home Office.Google Scholar
Gilchrist, G., Canfield, M., Radcliffe, P., & D’Oliveira, A. F. P. L. (2017). Controlling behaviours and technology-facilitated abuse perpetrated by men receiving substance use treatment in England and Brazil: Prevalence and risk factors. Drug and Alcohol Review, 36(1), 52–63.Google Scholar
Gilchrist, G., Dennis, F., Radcliffe, P., Henderson, J., Howard, L. M., & Gadd, D. (2019). The interplay between substance use and intimate partner violence perpetration: A meta-ethnography. International Journal of Drug Policy, 65, 8–23.Google Scholar
Gilchrist, G., Radcliffe, P., Noto, A., & Flavia, A. (2017). Prevalence and risk factors for IPV among males attending substance misuse treatment in England and Brazil. Drug and Alcohol Review, 36, 34–51.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giordano, P. C., Soto, D. A., Manning, W. D., & Longmore, M. A. (2010). The characteristics of romantic relationships associated with teen dating violence. Social Science Research, 39(6), 863–874.Google Scholar
Gondolf, E. W. (1988). Who are those guys? Toward a behavioral typology of batterers. Violence and Victims, 3(3), 187–203.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gondolf, E. W. (1997). Batterer programs: What we know and need to know. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 12(1), 83–98.Google Scholar
Gottman, J. M., Jacobson, N. S., Rushe, R. H., & Shortt, J. W. (1995). The relationship between heart rate reactivity, emotionally aggressive behavior, and general violence in batterers. Journal of Family Psychology, 9(3), 227.Google Scholar
Graham-Kevan, N., & Archer, J. (2003). Intimate terrorism and common couple violence: A test of Johnson’s predictions in four British samples. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 18(11), 1247–1270.Google Scholar
Graham-Kevan, N., & Archer, J. (2005). Investigating three explanations of women’s relationship aggression. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 29(3), 270–277.Google Scholar
Guerin, B. & de Oliveira Ortolan, M. (2017). Analyzing domestic violence behaviours in their contexts: violence as a continuation of social strategies by other means. Behavior and Social Issues, 26, 5–26.Google Scholar
Hamberger, L., & Hastings, J. (1986). Characteristics of spouse abusers: Predictors of treatment acceptance. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 1, 363–373.Google Scholar
Hamberger, L. K., Lohr, J. M., Bonge, D., & Tolin, D. F. (1996). A large sample empirical typology of male spouse abusers and its relationship to dimensions of abuse. Violence and Victims, 11(4), 277–292.Google Scholar
Hardesty, J. L., & Chung, G. H. (2006). Intimate partner violence, parental divorce, and child custody: directions for intervention and future research family relations. An Interdisciplinary Journal of Applied Family Studies, 55(2), 200–210.Google Scholar
Harrison, L. D., Erickson, P. G., Adlaf, E., & Freeman, C. (2001). The drugs–violence nexus among American and Canadian youth. Substance Use & Misuse, 36(14), 2065–2086.Google Scholar
Hart, H., & Rubia, K. (2012). Neuroimaging of child abuse: a critical review. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 52.Google Scholar
Hayashi, H. D., Patterson, T. L., Semple, S. J., Fujimoto, K., & Stockman, J. K. (2016). Risk factors for recent intimate partner violence among methamphetamine-using men and women. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 48(2), 135–145.Google Scholar
Herzog, J. I., & Schmahl, C. (2018). Adverse childhood experiences and the consequences on neurobiological, psychosocial, and somatic conditions across the lifespan. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 9, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00420Google Scholar
Hilton, N. Z., Harris, G. T., Rice, M. E., Houghton, R. E., & Eke, A. W. (2008). An indepth actuarial assessment for wife assault recidivism: The Domestic Violence Risk Appraisal Guide. Law and Human Behavior, 32(2), 150–163.Google Scholar
Hilton, N. Z., Pham, A. T., Jung, S., Nunes, K., & Ennis, L. (2020). Risk scores and reliability of the SARA, SARA-V3, B-SAFER, and ODARA among Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) cases referred for threat assessment. Police Practice and Research, 1–16.Google Scholar
Holtzworth-Munroe, A., Jacobson, N. S., Gottman, J. M., Waltz, J., Rushe, R., Babcock, J., & Holtsworth-Munroe, A. (1994). Affect, verbal content, and psychophysiology in the arguments of couples with a violent husband. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 62, 982–988.Google Scholar
Holtzworth-Munroe, A., Meehan, J. C., Herron, K., Rehman, U., & Stuart, G. L. (2000). Testing the Holtzworth–Munroe and Stuart (1994) batterer typology. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 68(6), 1000.Google Scholar
Holtzworth-Munroe, A., & Stuart, G. L. (1994). Typologies of male batterers: Three subtypes and the differences among them. Psychological Bulletin, 116(3), 476–497.Google Scholar
Huecker, M. R., & Smock, W. (2019). Kentucky domestic violence. In StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. P. (1995). Patriarchal terrorism and common couple violence: Two forms of violence against women. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 283–294.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. P. (1999, November). Two types of violence against women in the American family: Identifying patriarchal terrorism and common couple violence. Paper presented at the National Council on Family Relations annual meetings, Irvine, CA.Google Scholar
Johnson, M. P. (2020). Violence and abuse in personal relationships : conflict, terror, and resistance in intimate partnerships. In Vangelisti, A. & Perlman, D. (Eds.), The Cambridge handbook of personal relationships. Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Johnson, R., Gilchrist, E., Beech, A. R., Weston, S., Takriti, R., & Freeman, R. (2006). A psychometric typology of U.K. domestic violence offenders. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21(10). https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260506291655Google Scholar
Karakurt, G., Koç, E., Çetinsaya, E. E., Ayluçtarhan, Z., & Bolen, S. (2019). Meta-analysis and systematic review for the treatment of perpetrators of intimate partner violence. Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 105(August), 220–230.Google Scholar
Kelly, U. A. (2011). Theories of intimate partner violence: from blaming the victim to acting against injustice intersectionality as an analytic. Advances in Nursing Science, 34(3). https://doi.org/10.1097/ANS.0b013e3182272388Google Scholar
Kim, H. K., Laurent, H. K., Capaldi, D. M., & Feingold, A. (2008). Men’s aggression toward women: A 10‐year panel study. Journal of Marriage and Family, 70(5), 1169–1187.Google Scholar
Kraanen, F. L., Scholing, A., & Emmelkamp, P. M. (2012). Substance use disorders in forensic psychiatry: Differences among different types of offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 56(8), 1201–1219.Google Scholar
Kropp, P. R., & Hart, S. D. (2000). The Spousal Assault Risk Assessment (SARA) guide: Reliability and validity in adult male offenders. Law and Human Behavior, 24(1), 101–118.Google Scholar
Kropp, P. R., Hart, S. D., Webster, C. D., & Eaves, D. (1994). Manual for the Spousal Assault Risk Assessment (SARA) Guide. British Columbia Institute Against Family Violence.Google Scholar
Krueger, R. F., Markon, K. E., Patrick, C. J., & Iacono, W. G. (2005). Externalizing psychopathology in adulthood: A dimensional-spectrum conceptualization and its implications for DSM-V. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 114(4), 537–550.Google Scholar
Kuijpers, K. F., van der Knaap, L. M., & Winkel, F. W. (2012). Risk of revictimization of intimate partner violence: the role of attachment, anger and violent behavior of the victim. Journal of Family Violence, 27(1), 33–44.Google Scholar
Lane, G., & Russell, T. (1989). Second-order systemic work with violent couples. In Caesar, P. L. & Hamberger, L. K. (Eds.), Treating men who batter: Theory, practice, and programs (pp. 134–162). Springer.Google Scholar
Langenderfer, L. (2013). Alcohol use among partner violent adults: reviewing recent literature to inform intervention. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 18(1), 152–158.Google Scholar
Langhinrichsen-Rohling, J. (2010). Controversies involving gender and intimate partner violence in the United States. Sex Roles, 62(3–4), 179–193.Google Scholar
Langlands, R. L., Ward, T., & Gilchrist, E. (2009). Applying the good lives model to male perpetrators of domestic violence. Behaviour Change, 26(2). https://doi.org/10.1375/bech.26.2.113Google Scholar
Lawson, J. (2012). Sociological theories of intimate partner violence. Journal of Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 22(5), 572–590.Google Scholar
Lives, C. (2016). Domestic abuse, stalking and harassment and honour based violence (dash, 2009–16) risk identification and assessment and management model.Google Scholar
Lipsky, S., Caetano, R., & Roy-Byrne, P. (2011). Triple jeopardy: Impact of partner violence perpetration, mental health and substance use on perceived unmet need for mental health care among men. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 46(9), 843–852.Google Scholar
Llor-Esteban, B., García-Jiménez, J. J., Ruiz-Hernández, J. A., & Godoy-Fernández, C. (2016). Profile of partner aggressors as a function of risk of recidivism. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 16(1), 39–46.Google Scholar
Loinaz, I. (2014). Typologies, risk and recidivism in partner-violent men with the B-SAFER: A pilot study. Psychology, Crime and Law, 20(2), 183–198.Google Scholar
Mandel, D. (2010). Child welfare and domestic violence: Tackling the themes and thorny questions that stand in the way of collaboration and improvement of child welfare practice. Violence Against Women, 16(5), 530–536.Google Scholar
Martin, R. H., & William, S. (2019). Domestic abuse victim characteristics, England and Wales: year ending March 2019. www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/crimeandjustice/articles/domesticabusevictimcharacteristicsenglandandwales/yearendingmarch2019Google Scholar
Messing, J. T., Campbell, J. C., & Snider, C. (2017). Validation and adaptation of the danger assessment-5: A brief intimate partner violence risk assessment. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 73(12), 3220–3230.Google Scholar
Miller, E., & McCaw, B. (2019). Intimate partner violence. New England Journal of Medicine, 380(9), 850–857.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Mitchell, I. J., & Gilchrist, E. (2006). Domestic violence and panic attacks–common neural mechanisms? Legal and Criminological Psychology, 11(2), 267–282.Google Scholar
Monnat, S. M., & Chandler, R. F. (2015). Long‐Term physical health consequences of adverse childhood experiences. The Sociological Quarterly, 56(4), 723–752.Google Scholar
Moore, T. M., Stuart, G. L., Meehan, J. C., Rhatigan, D., Hellmuth, J. C., & Keen, S. M. (2008). Drug abuse and aggression between intimate partners: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 28(2), 247–274.Google Scholar
Oka, M., & Whiting, J. B. (2011). Contemporary mft theories and intimate partner violence: A review of systemic treatments. Journal of Couple and Relationship Therapy, 10(1), 34–52.Google Scholar
Okuda, M., Picazo, J., Olfson, M., Hasin, D. S., Liu, S. M., Bernardi, S., & Blanco, C. (2015). Prevalence and correlates of anger in the community: Results from a national survey. CNS Spectrums, 20(2), 130–139.Google Scholar
Olver, Mark & Jung, Sandy. (2017). Incremental prediction of intimate partner violence: an examination of three risk measures. Law & Human Behavior, 41, 440–453.Google Scholar
Osgood, D. W., Johnston, L. D., O’Malley, P. M., & Bachman, J. G. (1988). The generality of deviance in late adolescence and early adulthood. American Sociological Review, 81–93.Google Scholar
Pence, E. (1989). The justice system’s response to domestic violence. Minnesota Program Development.Google Scholar
Pence, E., & Paymar, M. (1993). Education groups for men who batter: The Duluth model. Springer.Google Scholar
Pence, E., Paymar, M., & Ritmeester, T. (1993). Education groups for men who batter: The Duluth model. Springer.Google Scholar
Pihl, R. O. & Peterson, J. (1995). Drugs and aggression: correlations, crime and human manipulative studies and some proposed mechanisms. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 20(2), 141–149.Google Scholar
Police Service of Northern Ireland. (2018). Domestic abuse key facts PSNI Belfast. https://www.psni.police.uk/globalassets/inside-the-psni/our-statistics/domestic-abuse-statistics/documents/domestic_abuse_definition.pdf.Google Scholar
Procter, N., Ayling, B., Croft, L., DeGaris, P., Devine, M., Dimanic, A., Di Fiore, L., Eaton, H., Edwards, M., Ferguson, M., Lang, S., Rebellato, A., Shaw, K., Sullivan, R., & Fiore, D. L. (2017, March). Trauma-informed approaches in mental health: A practical resource for health professionals.Google Scholar
Radcliffe, P., Gadd, D., Henderson, J., Love, B., Stephens-Lewis, D., Johnson, A., Gilchrist, E., & Gilchrist, G. (2019). What role does substance use play in intimate partner violence? A narrative analysis of in-depth interviews with men in substance use treatment and their current or former female partner. Journal of Interpersonal Violence. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519879259Google Scholar
Rogosch, F. A., Oshri, A., & Cicchetti, D. (2010). From child maltreatment to adolescent cannabis abuse and dependence: A developmental cascade model. Development and Psychopathology, 22(4), 883.Google Scholar
Sandberg, L. (2013). Backward, dumb, and violent hillbillies? Rural geographies and intersectional studies on intimate partner violence. Affilia – Journal of Women and Social Work, 28(4), 350–365.Google Scholar
Saunders, D. G. (1992). A typology of men who batter: Three types derived from cluster analysis. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 62(2), 264–275.Google Scholar
Saunders, D. G., Lynch, A. B., Grayson, M., & Linz, D. (1987). The inventory of beliefs about wife beating: The construction and initial validation of a measure of beliefs and attitudes. Violence and Victims, 2(1), 39–57.Google Scholar
Schafer, J., Caetano, R., & Cunradi, C. B. (2004). A path model of risk factors for intimate partner violence among couples in the United States. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 19(2), 127–142.Google Scholar
Scott, K. L., Wolfe, D. A., & Wekerle, C. (2003). Maltreatment and trauma: Tracking the connections in adolescence. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics, 12(2), 211–230.Google Scholar
Scotland Police. (2017). Domestic abuse recorded by the police in Scotland, 2017–18: Key points.Google Scholar
Scottish Executive. (2003) Responding to domestic abuse; guidelines for health care workers in NHS Scotland.Google Scholar
Scottish Government. (2015, March). Equally safe – reforming the criminal law to address domestic abuse and sexual offences: Scottish Government Consultation Paper. www.gov.scot/Resource/0045/00454152.pdfGoogle Scholar
Shorey, R. C., Stuart, G. L., & Cornelius, T. L. (2011). Dating violence and substance use in college students: A review of the literature. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 16(6), 541–550.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sjödin, A. K., Wallinius, M., Billstedt, E., Hofvander, B., & Nilsson, T. (2017). La violencia en las relaciones sentimentales en comparación con otros tipos de violencia: los mismos delincuentes con diferentes víctimas. European Journal of Psychology Applied to Legal Context, 9(2), 83–91.Google Scholar
Soler, H., Vinayak, P., & Quadagno, D. (2000). Biosocial aspects of domestic violence. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 25(7), 721–739.Google Scholar
Sonkin, D. J., Martin, D., & Walker, L. E. (1985). The male batterer: A treatment approach (Vol. 4). Springer.Google Scholar
Spencer, C. M., Stith, S. M., & Cafferky, B. (2019). Risk markers for physical intimate partner violence victimization: A meta-analysis. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 44, 8–17.Google Scholar
Stark, E. (2009). Rethinking coercive control. Violence Against Women, 15(12), 1509–1525.Google Scholar
Stark, E., & Hester, M. (2019). Coercive control: update and review. Violence Against Women, 25(1), 81–104.Google Scholar
Stephens-Lewis, D., Johnson, A., Huntley, A., Gilchrist, E., McMurran, M., Henderson, J., Feder, G., Howard, L. M., & Gilchrist, G. (2019). Interventions to reduce intimate partner violence perpetration by men who use substances: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy. Trauma, Violence, and Abuse. https://doi.org/10.1177/1524838019882357Google Scholar
Stewart, L. A., Gabora, N., Allegri, N., & Slavin-Stewart, M. C. (2014). Profile of female perpetrators of intimate partner violence in an offender population: implications for treatment. Partner Abuse, 5(2), 168–188.Google Scholar
Stewart, L. A., & Power, J. (2014). Profile and programming needs of federal offenders with histories of intimate partner violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 29(15), 2723–2747.Google Scholar
Storey, J. E., & Strand, S. (2012). The characteristics and violence risk management of women arrested by the police for intimate partner violence. European Journal of Criminology, 9(6), 636–651.Google Scholar
Straus, M. A. (1979). Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: The conflict tactics (CT) scales. Journal of Marriage and the Family, 75–88.Google Scholar
Straus, M. A., Gelles, R. J., & Steinmetz, S. K. (1980). Behind closed doors: Violence in American families. Doubleday.Google Scholar
Straus, M. A., & Mickey, E. L. (2012). Reliability, validity, and prevalence of partner violence measured by the conflict tactics scales in male-dominant nations. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 17(5), 463–474.Google Scholar
Stubbs, J. (2015). Gendered violence, intersectionalities and resisting gender neutrality. Oñati Socio-Legal Series, 5(6), 2016–12.Google Scholar
Sugarman, D. B., & Frankel, S. L. (1996). Patriarchal ideology and wife-assault: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Family Violence, 11(1), 13–40.Google Scholar
Sutton, D., & Dawson, M. (2018). Differentiating characteristics of intimate partner violence: do relationship status, state, and duration matter?. Journal of Interpersonal Violence.Google Scholar
Tjaden, P., Thoennes, N., & Allison, C. J. (1999). Comparing violence over the life span in samples of same-sex and opposite-sex cohabitants. Violence and Victims, 14(4), 413–425.Google Scholar
Tonmyr, L., Thornton, T., Draca, J., & Wekerle, C. (2010). A review of childhood maltreatment and adolescent substance use relationship. Current Psychiatry Reviews, 6(3), 223–234.Google Scholar
Trute, B. (1998). Going beyond gender-specific treatments in wife battering: Pro-feminist couple and family therapy. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 3(1), 1–15.Google Scholar
Turner, E., Medina, J., & Brown, G. (2019). Dashing hopes? The predictive accuracy of domestic abuse risk assessment by police. British Journal of Criminology, 59(5), 1013–1034.Google Scholar
Tweed, R. G., & Dutton, D. G. (1998). A comparison of impulsive and instrumental subgroups of batterers. Violence and Victims, 13(3), 217–230.Google Scholar
Vatnar, S. K. B., & Bjørkly, S. (2012). Does separation or divorce make any difference? An interactional perspective on intimate partner violence with focus on marital status. Journal of Family Violence, 27(1), 45–54.Google Scholar
Virkkunen, M., & Linnoila, M. (1993). Brain serotonin, type II alcoholism and impulsive violence. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Supplement, (11), 163–169.Google Scholar
Walby, S., & Towers, J. (2018). Untangling the concept of coercive control: Theorizing domestic violent crime. Criminology and Criminal Justice, 18(1), 7–28.Google Scholar
Wekerle, C., Leung, E., Wall, A. M., MacMillan, H., Boyle, M., Trocme, N., & Waechter, R. (2009). The contribution of childhood emotional abuse to teen dating violence among child protective services-involved youth. Child Abuse & Neglect, 33(1), 45–58.Google Scholar
WHO. (2012). WHO: Femicide. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/77421/WHO_RHR_12.38_eng.pdfGoogle Scholar
Winstok, Z., & Straus, M. A. (2016). Bridging the two sides of a 30-year controversy over gender differences in perpetration of physical partner violence. Journal of Family Violence, 31(8), 933–935.Google Scholar
Wire, J., & Myhill, A. (2018). Piloting a new approach to domestic abuse frontline risk assessment.Google Scholar
Wolfe, D. A., Crooks, C. V., Lee, V., McIntyre-Smith, A., & Jaffe, P. G. (2003). The effects of children’s exposure to domestic violence: A meta-analysis and critique. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 6(3), 171–187.Google Scholar
Yilo, K., & Straus, M. (1990). Patriarchy and violence against wives: The impact of structural and normative factors. In Straus, M. & Gelles, R. (Eds.), Physical violence in American families: Risk factors and adaptations to violence in 8,145 families (pp. 383–399). Transaction Publishers.Google Scholar
Zeoli, A. M., Rivera, E. A., Sullivan, C. M., & Kubiak, S. (2013). Post-separation abuse of women and their children: Boundary-setting and family court utilization among victimized mothers. Journal of Family Violence, 28(6), 547–560.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×