Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-gbm5v Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T15:42:38.408Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

3 - Sociolinguistic Approaches to Bilingual Phonetics and Phonology

from Part I - Approaches to Bilingual Phonetics and Phonology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  14 November 2024

By
Manuel Díaz-Campos ,
Molly Cole  and
Matthew Pollock
Edited by
Mark Amengual
Mark Amengual
Affiliation:
University of California, Santa Cruz
Get access

Summary

This chapter examines the conceptualization and measurement of contact phenomena in the context of bilingualism across various languages. The goal of the chapter is to account for various phonetic contact phenomena in sociolinguistic analysis, as well as providing context for elaborating on quantitative methodologies in sociophonetic contact linguistics. More specifically, the chapter provides a detailed account of global phenomena in modern natural speech contexts, as well as an up-to-date examination of quantitative methods in the field of sociolinguistics. The first section provides a background of theoretical concepts important to the understanding of sociophonetic contact in the formation of sound systems. The following sections focus on several key social factors that play a major part in the sociolinguistic approach to bilingual phonetics and phonology, including language dominance and age of acquisition at the segmental and the suprasegmental levels, as well as topics of language attitudes and perception, and typical quantitative methods used in sociolinguistics.

Keywords

sociolinguisticsbilingualismphonetic competencesocial factorslanguage dominanceheritage speakersgroup identitysocioeconomic statuslanguage attitudeslanguage background questionnaire (LBQ)Bilingual Language Profile (BLP)language contactage of acquisitionphonetic perceptionquantitative methodsanalysis of variance (ANOVA)conditional inference treeslogistic regression
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Bilingual Phonetics and Phonology , pp. 65 - 85
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2024

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Amengual, M. (2019). Type of early bilingualism and its effect on the acoustic realization of allophonic variants: Early sequential and simultaneous bilinguals. International Journal of Bilingualism, 23(5), 954–970.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Amengual, M., & Chamorro, P. (2015). The effects of language dominance in the perception and production of the Galician mid vowel contrasts. Phonetics, 72, 207–236.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ansaldo, A. I., Marcotte, K., Scherer, L., & Raboyeau, G. (2008). Language therapy and bilingual aphasia: Clinical implications of psycholinguistic and neuroimaging research. Journal of Neurolinguistics, 21, 539–557.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Arthur, B., Farrar, D., & Bradford, G. (1974). Evaluation reactions of college students to dialect differences in the English of Mexican-Americans. Language and Speech, 17(3), 255–270.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baird, B. (2015). Pre-nuclear peak alignment in the Spanish of Spanish-K’ichee’ (Mayan) bilinguals. In Willis, E. W., Butragueño, P. M., & Zendejas, E. H., eds., Selected Proceedings of the 6th Conference on Laboratory Approaches to Romance Phonology. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project, pp. 163–174.Google Scholar
Barnes, S. (2016). Variable back vowels in urban Asturian Spanish. Spanish in Context, 13(1), 1-28.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, A. (2013). The Guidebook to Sociolinguistics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bell, A. (2016). Succeeding waves: Seeking sociolinguistic theory for the twenty-first century. In Coupland, N., ed., Sociolinguistics: Theoretical Debates. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 391–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Berrebi, S., Bassel, N., & Gafter, R. J. (2022). Hearing Hebrew pharyngeals: Experimental evidence for a covert phonemic distinction. University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics, 28(2) (selected papers from NWAV 49 [2021]), article 3. https://repository.upenn.edu/pwpl/vol28/iss2/3.Google Scholar
Bialystok, E., Craik, F., & Luk, G. (2012). Bilingualism: Consequences for mind and brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 16(4), 240–250.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Birdsong, D. (2015). Dominance in bilingualism: Foundations of measurement, with insights from the study of handedness. In Silva-Corvalán, C. & Traffers-Dallers, J., eds., Language Dominance in Bilingualism: Issues of Measurement and Operationalization. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 85–105.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Birdsong, D., Gertken, L. M., & Amengual, M. (2012). Bilingual Language Profile: An Easy-to-Use Instrument to Assess Bilingualism. Austin: COERLL, University of Texas at Austin. https://sites.la.utexas.edu/bilingual.Google Scholar
Bucholtz, M. & Hall, K. (2005). Identity and interaction: A sociocultural linguistic approach. Discourse Studies, 7(4–5), 585–614.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bullock, B. & Toribio, A. J. (2009). The Cambridge Handbook of Linguistic Code-Switching. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chappell, W. (2019a). The sociophonetic perception of heritage Spanish speakers in the United States: Reactions to labiodentalized in the speech of late immigrant and U.S.-born voices. In Chappell, W., ed., Recent Advances in the Study of Spanish Sociophonetic Perception. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins, pp. 239–264.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Chappell, W. (2019b). Recent Advances in the Study of Spanish Sociophonetic Perception. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cole, M. (2022). Sociolinguistics and language shift in Ecuador: A case study of palatals. [Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University].Google Scholar
Coupland, N. (2001). Language, situation, and the relational self: Theorizing dialect-style in sociolinguistics. In Eckert, P. & Rickford, J. R., eds., Style and Sociolinguistic Variation. Malden, MA: Blackwell, pp. 185–210.Google Scholar
Davidson, J. (2019). Covert and overt attitudes towards Catalonian Spanish laterals and intervocalic fricatives. In Chappell, W., ed., Recent Advances in the Study of Spanish Sociophonetic Perception. Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins, pp. 39–84.Google Scholar
De Bot, K. (1992). A bilingual production model: Levelt’s “speaking” model adapted. Applied Linguistics, 13(1), 1–24.Google Scholar
Delgado-Diaz, G., Galarza, I., & Díaz-Campos, M. (2021). Complex attitudes towards two sociolinguistic variables and their social meanings: Providing evidence from production and perception data in a speech community. In Díaz-Campos, M. & Sessarego, S., eds., Aspects of Latin American Spanish Dialectology: In Honor of Terrell A. Morgan. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 125–154.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Díaz-Campos, M. (2013). Segmental phonology in L2 Spanish. In Geeslin, K., ed., The Handbook of Spanish Second Language Acquisition. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley–Blackwell, pp. 146–165.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Díaz-Campos, M. (2014). Introducción a la sociolingüística hispánica. Malden, MA: Blackwell.Google Scholar
Díaz-Campos, M., & Dickinson, S. (2019). Using statistics as a tool in the analysis of sociolinguistic variation: A comparison of current and traditional methods. In Rei-Doval, G. & Tejedo-Herrero, F., eds., Lusophone, Galician, and Hispanic Linguistics: Bridging Frames and Traditions. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, pp. 205–226.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Díaz-Campos, M., Escalona Torres, J. M., & Filimonova, V. (2020). Sociolinguistics of the Spanish-speaking world. Annual Review of Linguistics, 6, 363–388.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckert, P. (1989). The whole woman: Sex and gender differences in variation. Language Variation and Change, 1, 245–267.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckert, P. (2008). Variation and the indexical field. Journal of Sociolinguistics, 12(4), 453–476.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Eckert, P. (2012). Three waves of variation study: The emergence of meaning in the study of sociolinguistic variation. Annual Review of Anthropology, 41, 87–100.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Erker, D. & Bruso, J. (2017). Uh, bueno, em … Filled pauses as a site of contact-induced change in Boston Spanish. Language Variation and Change, 29(2), 205–244.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ferguson, C. A. (1959). Diglossia. Word, 15(2), 325–340.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Flege, J. E. (1995). Second language speech learning theory, findings, and problems. In Strange, W., ed., Speech Perception and Linguistic Experience: Issues in Cross-Language Research. Timonium, MD: York Press, pp. 233–277.Google Scholar
Foulkes, P. & Docherty, G. (2006). The social life of phonetics and phonology. Journal of Phonetics, 34, 409–438.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Freed, B., Dewey, D., Segalowitz, N., & Halter, R. (2004). The language contact profile. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 26(2), 349–356.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grosjean, F. (2010). Bilingual: Life and Reality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Guión, S. (2003). The vowel systems of Quichua-Spanish bilinguals: Age of acquisition effects on the mutual influence of the first and second languages. Phonetica, 60(2), 98–128.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Henriksen, N. & Fafulas, S. (2017). Prosodic timing and language contact: Spanish and Yagua in Amazonian Peru. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, 10(2), 225–257.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hirson, A. & Sohail, N. (2007). Variability of rhotics in Punjabi-English bilinguals. In Trouvain, J. & Barry, W., eds., Proceedings ICPhS XVI. Saabrücken, pp. 1501–1504. www.icphs2007.de/conference/Papers/1623/1623.pdf.Google Scholar
Hoffman, M. & Walker, J. (2010). Ethnolects and the city: Ethnic orientation and linguistic variation in Toronto. Language Variation and Change, 22(1), 37–67.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Johnson, D. E. (2009). Getting off the GoldVarb standard: Introducing Rbrul for mixed-effects variable rule analysis. Language and Linguistics Compass, 3(1), 359–383.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kim, J. Y. (2011). Discrepancy between the perception and production of stop consonants by Spanish heritage speakers in the United States. [Master’s thesis, Korea University].Google Scholar
Lambert, W., Hodgson, R., Gardner, R., & Fillenbaum, S. (1960). Evaluational reactions to spoken languages. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 60(1), 44–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Li, W. (2000). The Bilingualism Reader. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
Lindholm-Leary, K. (2020). Developing Spanish in dual language programs. In Potowski, K. & Muñoz-Basols, J., eds., The Routledge Handbook of Spanish as a Heritage Language. New York: Routledge, pp. 433–444.Google Scholar
Lipski, J. M. (2019). Field-testing code-switching constraints: A report on a strategic languages project. Languages, 4(1), 7. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages4010007.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Masgoret, A. M. & Gardner, R. C. (2003). Attitudes, motivation, and second language learning: A meta-analysis of studies conducted by Gardner and Associates. Language Learning, 53(1), 123–163.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
McKinnon, S. (2020). Quantifying propagation in language contact: A variationist analysis of stops in bilingual (Spanish-Kaqchikel Maya) Guatemalan Spanish. [Doctoral dissertation, Indiana University].Google Scholar
Michnowicz, J. & Carpenter, L. (2013). Voiceless stop aspiration in Yucatan Spanish: A sociolinguistic analysis. Spanish in Context, 10(3), 410–437.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Milroy, L. (1980). Language and Social Networks. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar
Mohamed, S., González, C., & Muntendam, A. (2019). Arabic-Spanish language contact in Puerto Rico: A case of glottal stop epenthesis. Languages, 4(4), 93.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
O’Rourke, E. (2010). Dialect differences and the bilingual vowel space in Peruvian Spanish. In Ortega-Llebaria, M., ed., Selected Proceedings of the 4th Conference on Laboratory Approaches to Spanish Phonology. Somerville, MA: Cascadilla Proceedings Project, pp. 20–30.Google Scholar
O’Rourke, E. (2012). The realization of contrastive focus in Peruvian Spanish intonation. Lingua, 122(5), 494–510.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Pollock, M., Willis, E., & Díaz-Campos, M. (2023). The perception of coda /ɾ/ and /l/ in Dominican Spanish: Diversity, geography, and sociolinguistic variation [La percepción de la coda /ɾ/ y /l/ en el español dominicano: diversidad, geografía y variación sociolingüística]. Revista Internacional de Lingüística Iberoamericana [International Journal of Ibero-American Linguistics], 21(42), 151–172. https://doi.org/10.31819/rili-2023-214209.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Potowski, K. (2005). Fundamentos de la enseñanza del español a los hablantes nativos en los Estados Unidos [Foundations in Teaching Spanish to Native Speakers in the United States]. Madrid: Arco/Libros.Google Scholar
R Foundation. (2022). The R Project for Statistical Computing. www.R-project.org/.Google Scholar
Romaine, S. (1994). Language and Society: An Introduction to Sociolinguistics. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
Schilling-Estes, N. (2013). Investigating stylistic variation. In Chambers, J. K., Trudgill, P., & Schilling-Estes, N., eds., The Handbook of Language Variation and Change. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, pp. 1–23.Google Scholar
Sharma, D. (2018). Style dominance: Attention, audience, and the “real me.” Language in Society, 47, 1–31.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shea, C. (2019). Dominance, proficiency, and Spanish heritage speakers’ production of English and Spanish vowels. Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 41, 123–149.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Silva-Corvalán, C. (2014). Bilingual Language Acquisition: Spanish and English in the First Six Years. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simonet, M. (2010). Dark and clear laterals in Catalan and Spanish: Interaction of phonetic categories in early bilinguals. Journal of Phonetics, 38(4), 663–678.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Strandberg, J. A. E., Gooskens, C., & Schüppert, A. (2021). Simultaneous bilingualism and speech style as predictors of variation in allophone production: Evidence from Finland-Swedish. Journal of Phonetics, 88, 101095.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tagliamonte, S. A. (2015). Making Waves: The Story of Variationist Sociolinguistics. Malden, MA: Wiley Blackwell.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Valdés, G. (2000). Introduction. In Sandstedt, L., ed., Spanish for Native Speakers. New York: Harcourt College.Google Scholar
Valdés, G. & Geoffrion-Vinci, M. (2011). Heritage language students: The case of Spanish. In Díaz-Campos, M., ed., The Handbook of Hispanic Sociolinguistics. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 598–622.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zentella, A. C. (1995). La hispanofobia del movimiento “Inglés oficial” en los Estados Unidos por la oficialización del inglés. Alteridades, 5(10), 55–65.Google Scholar
Zentella, A. C. (1997). Growing Up Bilingual: Puerto Rican Children in New York. Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×