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10 - Christian Theology and Papal Policy in the Middle Ages

from Part II - Medieval Times

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 May 2022

By
Jeremy Cohen
Edited by
Steven Katz
Steven Katz
Affiliation:
Boston University
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Summary

This chapter considers the impact of theological doctrine on papal policy toward the Jews in medieval Europe. Specifically, it focuses on the ambivalence toward Jews and Judaism inherent in the Augustinian doctrine of Jewish witness and its expression in the decrees of Gregory the Great, Innocent III, and those popes who first condemned the Talmud in the 13th century.

Keywords

AugustineGregory the GreatInnocent IIITalmud
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Companion to Antisemitism , pp. 176 - 193
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2022

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References

Further Reading

Champagne, M.-T., and Resnick, I. M., eds., Jews and Muslims under the Fourth Lateran Council (Turnhout, 2018). A recent collection of essays on the decrees of the Fourth Lateran Council (1215) concerning non-Christians in Christendom.Google Scholar
Chazan, R., Daggers of Faith: Thirteenth-Century Christian Missionizing and Jewish Response (Berkeley, CA, 1989). A study of 13th-century interreligious polemics against the background of unprecedented ecclesiastical efforts to convert Jews to Christianity.Google Scholar
Cohen, J., The Friars and the Jews: The Evolution of Medieval Anti-Judaism (Ithaca, NY, 1982). A study of the new Christian assault on contemporary postbiblical Judaism in the 13th and 14th century, and the role of Dominican and Franciscan friars in implementing it.Google Scholar
Cohen, J., Living Letters of the Law: Ideas of the Jew in Medieval Christianity (Berkeley, CA, 1999). The career of Christianity’s “hermeneutical Jew,” the Jew constructed to meet the needs of Catholic theology, from Augustine to the 13th century.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Grayzel, S., The Church and the Jews in the XIIIth Century, 2 vols. (New York, 1966–1989). First published in 1933, the classic collection of papal and conciliar decrees, in their Latin original and English translation, summaries, and/or notes. Vol. 1 is prefaced by Grayzel’s still valuable historical overview, vol. 2 contains Grayzel’s important study of 13th-century ecclesiastical policy, “Popes, Jews and Inquisition from ‘Sicut’ to ‘Turbato.’”Google Scholar
Grayzel, S., “The Papal Bull Sicut Judaeis,” in Studies and Essays in Honor of Abraham A. Neuman, ed. Ben-Horin, Meir et al. (Leiden, 1962), 243–248. Grayzel’s foundational essay on the standard papal constitution on behalf of the Jews, protecting their rights to live unharmed under Christian rule.Google Scholar
Linder, A., ed., The Jews in the Legal Sources of the Early Middle Ages (Detroit, MI, 1997). Documents of early medieval legislation concerning the Jews, in their Latin original with Linder’s notes and translation. Pts. 3–5 contain ecclesiastical sources.Google Scholar
Pakter, W., Medieval Canon Law and the Jews (Ebelsbach, 1988). A topically organized legal-historical study of the Jews in ecclesiastical legislation and jurisprudence, through the 13th century.Google Scholar
Rist, R., Popes and Jews, 1095–1291 (Oxford, 2016). A fresh reevaluation of high medieval papal policy, stressing the specific concerns and contexts of individual popes and decrees.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simonsohn, S., The Apostolic See and the Jews, 7 vols. (Toronto, 1988–1991). A monumental collection of papal letters concerning the Jews through the mid-16th century: six volumes of documents followed by a broad, topically organized historical overview.Google Scholar
Stow, K. R., “Hatred of the Jews or Love of the Church: Papal Policy toward the Jews in the Middle Ages,” in Antisemitism through the Ages, ed. Almog, S., trans. Reisner, N. H. (Oxford, 1988), 71–89. An engaging presentation of the author’s understanding of constancy and development in medieval papal Jewry policy.Google Scholar

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