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12 - Role of vascular risk factors in dementia

from Section 2 - Pathophysiology

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  15 September 2009

By
Chengxuan Qiu  and
Laura Fratiglioni
Edited by
Lars-Olof Wahlund ,
Timo Erkinjuntti  and
Serge Gauthier
Lars-Olof Wahlund
Affiliation:
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm
Timo Erkinjuntti
Affiliation:
University of Helsinki
Serge Gauthier
Affiliation:
McGill University, Montréal
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Summary

This chapter provides an overview of the current knowledge on vascular risk factors for dementia including mixed dementia, as well as risk factors for post-stroke dementia. As most vascular risk factors and disorders are modifiable or treatable, understanding the role of vascular risk factors in dementia may provide a great potential for the prevention and treatment of these dementing disorders. Cigarette smoking is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. Some neuroimaging findings, such as white matter lesions (WMLs), silent stroke, microbleeds, and cerebral atrophy as detected by computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), are found to be associated with the occurrence of cognitive decline and dementia among older people with stroke. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are among the most relevant modifiable factors that could explain directly or indirectly a considerable proportion of non-familial dementia cases.

Keywords

Alzheimer's diseasecerebrovascular diseasecognitive functioningcognitive impairmentssubcortical vascular dementiamulti-infarct dementia
Type
Chapter
Information
Vascular Cognitive Impairment in Clinical Practice , pp. 155 - 165
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2009

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