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Published online by Cambridge University Press: 05 June 2012
From these assumptions comes the fundamental structure of the Internet: a packet switched communications facility in which a number of distinguishable networks are connected together using packet communications processors called gateways which implement a store and forward packet forwarding algorithm.
David D. ClarkThe Internet
The Internet is a global information system consisting of millions of computer networks around the world. Users of the Internet can exchange email, access to the resources on a remote computer, browse web pages, stream live video or audio, and publish information for other users. With the evolution of e-commerce, many companies are providing services over the Internet, such as on-line banking, financial transactions, shopping, and online auctions. In parallel with the expansion in services provided, there has been an exponential increase in the size of the Internet. In addition, various types of electronic devices are being connected to the Internet, such as cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDA), and even TVs and refrigerators.
Today's Internet evolved from the ARPANET sponsored by the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in the late 1960s with only four nodes. The Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) protocol suite, first proposed by Cerf and Kahn in [1], was adopted for the ARPANET in 1983. In 1984, NSF funded a TCP/IP based backbone network, called NSFNET, which became the successor of the ARPANET. The Internet became completely commercial in 1995.
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