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4 - Chirality and anisotropy of planar metamaterials

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  01 June 2011

By
Eric Plum  and
Nikolay I. Zheludev
Edited by
Alexei A. Maradudin
Eric Plum
Affiliation:
University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
Nikolay I. Zheludev
Affiliation:
University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
Alexei A. Maradudin
Affiliation:
University of California, Irvine
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Summary

Introduction

In recent years it has emerged that planar metamaterials offer a vast range of custom-designed electromagnetic functionalities. The best known are wire grid polarizers, which are established standard components for microwaves, terahertz waves, and the far-infrared. They are expected to be of increasing importance also for the near-infrared [1] and visible light [2]. Equally well developed are frequency selective surfaces [3–6], which are used as filters in radar systems, antenna technology [7], broadband communications, and terahertz technology [8, 9]. However, the range of optical effects observable in planar metamaterials and the variety of potential applications have only become clear since metamaterials research took off in 2000 [10]. Wave plate [11, 12] as well as polarization rotator and circular polarizer [13–15] functionalities have been demonstrated in metamaterials of essentially zero thickness. Traditionally, such components are large as they rely on integrating weak effects over thick functional materials. Polarization rotation has also been seen at planar chiral diffraction gratings [16, 17] and thin layered stereometamaterials [18, 19]. Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) [20–24] and high quality factor resonances [20] have been observed at planar structured interfaces. And finally, new fundamental electromagnetic effects leading to directionally asymmetric transmission of circularly [25–29] and linearly polarized waves have been discovered in planar metamaterials.

Planar metamaterials derive their properties from artificial structuring rather than atomic or molecular resonances, and therefore appropriately scaled versions of such structures will show similar properties for radio waves, microwaves, terahertz waves, and, to some extent, in the infrared and optical spectral regions where losses are becoming more important.

Type
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Information
Structured Surfaces as Optical Metamaterials , pp. 94 - 157
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2011

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References

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