Book contents
- Personal Networks
- Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences
- Personal Networks
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- I Background
- II Early Foundations
- III Later Foundations
- 8 From Claude S. Fischer, To Dwell among Friends
- From the Northern California Community Study, 1977–1978, to the University of California, Berkeley, Social Networks Project, 2015–2020
- 9 From Mark S. Granovetter, “The Strength of Weak Ties”
- Strength of Weak Ties in the Labor Market: An Assessment of the State of Research
- 10 From Barry Wellman and Scot Wortley, “Different Strokes from Different Folks”
- A Network Pilgrim’s Progress: Twenty-Six Realizations in Fifty-Five Years
- 11 From James S. Coleman, “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”
- Three Decades of Research into Social Capital: Achievements, Blind Spots, and Future Directions
- 12 From Bernice A. Pescosolido, “Beyond Rational Choice”
- Confronting How People Cope with Crisis: From the Social Organization Strategy Framework to the Network Episode Model to the Network Embedded Symbiome
- 13 From Scott L. Feld, “The Focused Organization of Social Ties”
- Reflections on “The Focused Organization of Social Ties” and its Implications for Bonding and Bridging
- 14 From Ronald S. Burt, Structural Holes
- Structural Holes Capstone, Cautions, and Enthusiasms
- 15 From Edward O. Laumann, Peter V. Marsden, and David Prensky, “The Boundary Specification Problem in Network Analysis”
- On the Boundary Specification Problem in Network Analysis: An Update and Extension to Personal Social Networks
- 16 From Miller McPherson, Lynn Smith-Lovin, and James M. Cook, “Birds of a Feather”
- The Enormous Flock of Homophily Researchers: Assessing and Promoting a Research Agenda
- 17 From Robert Huckfeldt and John Sprague, “Networks in Context”
- Individuals, Groups, and Networks: Implications for the Study and Practice of Democratic Politics
- 18 From Nan Lin, “Building a Network Theory of Social Capital”
- Social Capital: An Update
- 19 On the General Social Survey
- IV New Perspectives
- Index
- Recent Books in the Series
- References
10 - From Barry Wellman and Scot Wortley, “Different Strokes from Different Folks”
from III - Later Foundations
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 01 October 2021
Book contents
- Personal Networks
- Structural Analysis in the Social Sciences
- Personal Networks
- Copyright page
- Contents
- Figures
- Tables
- Contributors
- I Background
- II Early Foundations
- III Later Foundations
- 8 From Claude S. Fischer, To Dwell among Friends
- From the Northern California Community Study, 1977–1978, to the University of California, Berkeley, Social Networks Project, 2015–2020
- 9 From Mark S. Granovetter, “The Strength of Weak Ties”
- Strength of Weak Ties in the Labor Market: An Assessment of the State of Research
- 10 From Barry Wellman and Scot Wortley, “Different Strokes from Different Folks”
- A Network Pilgrim’s Progress: Twenty-Six Realizations in Fifty-Five Years
- 11 From James S. Coleman, “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital”
- Three Decades of Research into Social Capital: Achievements, Blind Spots, and Future Directions
- 12 From Bernice A. Pescosolido, “Beyond Rational Choice”
- Confronting How People Cope with Crisis: From the Social Organization Strategy Framework to the Network Episode Model to the Network Embedded Symbiome
- 13 From Scott L. Feld, “The Focused Organization of Social Ties”
- Reflections on “The Focused Organization of Social Ties” and its Implications for Bonding and Bridging
- 14 From Ronald S. Burt, Structural Holes
- Structural Holes Capstone, Cautions, and Enthusiasms
- 15 From Edward O. Laumann, Peter V. Marsden, and David Prensky, “The Boundary Specification Problem in Network Analysis”
- On the Boundary Specification Problem in Network Analysis: An Update and Extension to Personal Social Networks
- 16 From Miller McPherson, Lynn Smith-Lovin, and James M. Cook, “Birds of a Feather”
- The Enormous Flock of Homophily Researchers: Assessing and Promoting a Research Agenda
- 17 From Robert Huckfeldt and John Sprague, “Networks in Context”
- Individuals, Groups, and Networks: Implications for the Study and Practice of Democratic Politics
- 18 From Nan Lin, “Building a Network Theory of Social Capital”
- Social Capital: An Update
- 19 On the General Social Survey
- IV New Perspectives
- Index
- Recent Books in the Series
- References
Summary
NetLab’s four East York studies in Toronto have traversed from the Community Question—how have structural shifts in society affected personal networks—to the Network Question—how have information and communication technologies (ICTs) affected the nature of these networks? Where doom-pundits had asserted that community has withered, the first two studies found community flourishing as personal networks rather than as neighborhoods, with different types of network members providing specialized support. Where recent doom-pundits warn that ICTs can weaken community, the third and fourth studies show that ICTs complement in-person contact and help networks to persist near and far. Many East Yorkers are networked individuals, using ICTs to juggle and proliferate relationships in multiple, fragmentary, far-flung networks; while others use ICTs to maintain their presence in a small number of bounded groups.
Keywords
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- Personal NetworksClassic Readings and New Directions in Egocentric Analysis, pp. 265 - 281Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2021
References
Barrera, Manuel, Jr. 1986. “Distinctions between Social Support Concepts, Measures and Models.” American Journal of Community Psychology 14: 413–45.Google Scholar
Bellah, Robert, Madsen, Richard, Sullivan, William, et al. 1985. Habits of the Heart. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Bernard, H. Russell, Shelley, Gene Ann, and Killworth, Peter. 1987. “How Much of a Network Does the GSS and RSW Dredge Up?” Social Networks 9: 49–63.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blau, Peter, and Schwartz, Joseph. 1984. Crosscutting Social Circles. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Blishen, Bernard. 1967. “A Socio-Economic Index for Occupations in Canada.” Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 4: 41–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Blumstein, Philip, and Kollock, Peter. 1988. “Personal Relationships.” Annual Review of Sociology 14: 467–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Bodemann, Y. Michal. 1988. “Relations of Production and Class Rule: The Hidden Basis of Patron-Clientage,” pp. 198–220 in Social Structures: A Network Approach, edited by Wellman, Barry and Berkowitz, S. D.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Bulmer, Martin. 1986. Neighbours: The Work of Philip Abrams. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Campbell, Karen, Marsden, Peter, and Hurlbert, Jeanne. 1986. “Social Resources and Socioeconomic Status.” Social Networks 8: 97–117.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cancian, Francesca. 1987. Love in America: Gender and Self-Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Cook, Karen. 1982. “Network Structures from an Exchange Perspective,” pp. 177–200 in Social Structure and Network Analysis, edited by Marsden, Peter and Lin, Nan. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Epp, Jake. 1986. Achieving Health for All: A Framework for Health Promotion.Ottawa, ON: Ministry of National Health and Welfare.Google Scholar
Erickson, Bonnie, Radkewycz, Alexandra, and Nosanchuk, T. A.. 1988. “Helping Hands.” Toronto: University of Toronto, Centre for Urban and Community Studies.Google Scholar
Feld, Scott. 1982. “Social Structural Determinants of Similarity among Associates.” American Sociological Review 47: 797–801.Google Scholar
Ferrand, Alexis. 1989. “A Holistic Approach to Interpersonal Relations.” Paper presented at the annual Sunbelt Social Network Conference, Tampa, Florida.Google Scholar
Fischer, Claude. 1982a. To Dwell Among Friends. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Galaskiewicz, Joseph. 1985. Social Organization of an Urban Grants Economy: A Study of Business Philanthropy and Nonprofit Organizations. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Granovetter, Mark. 1973. “The Strength of Weak Ties.” American Journal of Sociology 78: 1360–80.Google Scholar
Granovetter, Mark. 1982. “The Strength of Weak Ties: A Network Theory Revisited,” pp. 105–30 in Social Structure and Network Analysis, edited by Marsden, Peter and Lin, Nan. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Hamilton, William D. 1971. “Selection of Selfish and Altruistic Behavior,” pp. 59–91 in Man and Beast: Comparative Social Behavior, edited by Eisenberg, J. F. and Dutton., W. S. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.Google Scholar
Homans, George. 1961. Social Behavior: Its Elementary Forms. New York: Harcourt, Brace.Google Scholar
House, James, Umberson, Debra, and Landis, Karl. 1988. “Structures and Processes of Social Support.” Annual Review of Sociology 14: 293–318.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hunter, Albert, and Riger, Stephanie. 1986. “The Meaning of Community in Community Mental Health.” Journal of Community Psychology 14: 25–69.3.0.CO;2-D>CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Israel, Barbara, and Antonucci, Toni. 1987. “Social Network Characteristics and Psychological Well-Being.” Health Education Quarterly 14: 461–81.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Kadushin, Charles. 1981. “Notes on Expectations of Reward in N-Person Networks,” pp. 235–54 in Continuities in Structural Inquiry, edited by Blau, Peter and Merton, Robert. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Kemper, Theodore D. 1972. “The Division of Labor: A Post-Durkheimian Analytical View.” American Sociological Review 37: 739–53.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lazarsfeld, Paul, and Merton, Robert. 1954. “Friendship as Social Process,” pp. 18–66 in Freedom and Control in Modern Society, edited by Berger, Morroe, Abel, Theodore, and Page, Charles. New York: Octagon.Google Scholar
Leighton, Barry. 1986. “Experiencing Personal Network Communities.” PhD thesis. University of Toronto, Department of Sociology.Google Scholar
Lin, Nan, Dean, Alfred, and Ensel, Walter. 1986. Social Support, Life Events and Depression. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Lin, Nan, and Durnin, Mary. 1986. “Access to Occupations through Social Ties.” Social Networks 8: 365–86.Google Scholar
Lin, Nan, and Ensel, Walter. 1989. “Life Stress and Health: Stressors and Resources.” American Sociological Review 54: 382–99.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Litwak, Eugene. 1985. Helping the Elderly: The Complementary Roles of Informal Networks and Formal Systems. New York: Guildford.Google Scholar
Lomnitz, Larissa Adler. 1977. Networks and Marginality: Life in a Mexican Shanty-Town, translated by Cinna Lomnitz. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar
Marangoni, Carol, and Ickes, William. 1989. “Loneliness: A Theoretical Review with Implications for Measurement.” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 6: 93–128.Google Scholar
Marsden, Peter. 1988. “Homogeneity in Confiding Relations.” Social Networks 10: 57–76.Google Scholar
Marsden, Peter, and Campbell, Karen. 1984. “Measuring Tie Strength.” Social Forces 63: 482–501.Google Scholar
Milardo, Robert. 1988. “Families and Social Networks: An Overview of Theory and Methodology,” pp. 13–47 in Families and Social Networks, edited by Milardo, Robert. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Mitchell, J. Clyde. 1987. “The Components of Strong Ties among Homeless Women.” Social Networks 9: 37–48.Google Scholar
Oliver, Melvin. 1988. “The Urban Black Community as Network.” Sociological Quarterly 29(4): 623–45.Google Scholar
O’Reilly, Patrick. 1988. “Methodological Issues in Social Support and Social Network Research.” Social Support and Medicine 26(8): 863–73.Google Scholar
Perlman, Daniel, and Duck, Steve, (eds.). 1987. Intimate Relationships. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Perlman, Daniel, and Fehr, Beverley. 1987. “The Development of Intimate Relationships,” pp 13–42 in Intimate Relationships, edited by Perlman, Daniel and Duck, Steve. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Polanyi, Karl. 1957. “The Economy as Instituted Process,” pp. 243–70 in Trade and Market in the Early Empires: Economies in History and Theory, edited by Polanyi, Karl, Arensberg, Conrad, and Pearson, Harry. New York: Free Press.Google Scholar
Rook, Karen. 1984. “The Negative Side of Social Interaction: Impact on Psychological Well-Being.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 46: 1097–108.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Rosenthal, Carolyn. 1985. “Kinkeeping in the Familial Division of Labour.” Journal of Marriage and the Family 47: 965–74.Google Scholar
Sapadin, Linda. 1988. “Friendship and Gender.” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 5(4): 387–403.Google Scholar
Schneider, David. 1984. A Critique of the Study of Kinship. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar
Sherrod, Drury. 1989. “The Influence of Gender on Same-Sex Friendships,” pp. 164–86 in Close Relationships, edited by Hendrick, Clyde. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Sik, Endre. 1986. “Second Economy, Reciprocal Exchange of Labour and Social Stratification.” Paper presented at the Eleventh World Congress of Sociology, New Delhi.Google Scholar
Simmel, Georg. [1908] 1971. “Group Expansion and the Development of Individuality,” pp. 251–93 in Georg Simmel: On Individuality and Social Forms, edited by Levine, D. N.. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
Simmel, Georg. [1922] 1955. “The Web of Group Affiliations,” pp. 125–95 in Conflict and the Web of Group Affiliations. Glencoe, IL: Free Press.Google Scholar
Sorokin, Pitirim. 1950. Altruistic Love: A Study of American “Good Neighbors” and Christian Saints. Boston, MA: Beacon.Google Scholar
Sussman, Marvin, and Burchinal, Lee. 1962. “Parental Aid to Married Children.” Marriage and Family Living 24: 320–32.Google Scholar
Vaux, Alan. 1985. “Variations in Social Support Associated with Gender, Ethnicity and Age.” Social Issues 41(1): 89–110.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Verbrugge, Lois. 1977. “The Structure of Adult Friendship Choices.” Social Forces 56: 576–97.Google Scholar
Walder, Andrew. 1986. Communist Neo-Traditionalism: Work and Authority in Chinese Industry. Berkeley and Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry. 1979. “The Community Question.” American Journal of Sociology 84: 1201–31.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry. 1982. “Studying Personal Communities,” pp. 61–80 in Social Structure and Network Analysis, edited by Marsden, Peter and Lin, Nan. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry. 1985. “Domestic Work, Paid Work and Net Work,” pp. 159–91 in Understanding Personal Relationships, edited by Duck, Steve and Perlman, Daniel. London: Sage.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry. 1988. The Community Question Re-evaluated,” pp. 81–107 in Power, Community and the City, edited by Smith, Michael Peter. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry. 1990. “The Place of Kinfolk in Community Networks.” Marriage and Family Review 15(1–2): 195–228.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry, Carrington, Peter, and Hall, Alan. 1988a. “Networks as Personal Communities,” pp. 130–84 in Social Structures: A Network Approach, edited by Wellman, Barry and Berkowitz, S. D.. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry, Carrington, Peter, and Hall, Alan. 1988b. “Integrating Individual, Relational and Structural Analysis.” Working Paper no. 201. University of Toronto, Department of Sociology.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry, with Baker, Susan Gonzalez, Kalve, Renate, Tindall, David, and Wortley, Scot. 1989. “Reach Out and Touch Some Bodies: How Social Networks Connect Telephone Networks.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, San Francisco.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry, with Hiscott, Robert. 1985. “From Social Support to Social Network,” pp. 205–22 in Social Support, edited by Sarason, Irwin and Sarason, Barbara. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry, and Leighton, Barry. 1979. “Networks, Neighborhoods and Communities. “Urban Affairs Quarterly 14: 363–90.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry, Mosher, Clayton, Rottenberg, Cyndi, and Espinoza, Vicente. 1987. “The Sum of the Ties Does Not Equal a Network: The Case of Social Support.” Paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Sociological Association, Chicago.Google Scholar
Wellman, Barry, and Sim, Susan. 1990. “Integrating Textual and Statistical Methods of Studying Social Networks,” pts. 1, 2. Cultural Anthropology Methods Newsletter 2: 1–11(3): 1–5.Google Scholar
Wellman, Beverly, and Wellman, Barry. In press. “Domestic Affairs and Network Relations.” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships.Google Scholar
Willmott, Peter. 1987. Friendship Networks and Social Support. London: Policy Studies Institute.Google Scholar
Wireman, Peggy. 1984. Urban Neighborhoods, Networks, and Families. Lexington, MA: Lexington.Google Scholar
Wiseman, Jacqueline. 1986. “Friendship: Bonds and Binds in a Voluntary Relationship.” Journal of Social and Personal Relationships 3: 191–212.Google Scholar
Wright, Paul. 1989. “Gender Differences in Adults’ Same and Cross-Gender Friendships,” pp. 197–221 in Older Adult Friendship, edited by Adams, Rebecca and Blieszner, Rosemary. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.Google Scholar