Skip to main content Accessibility help

We use cookies to distinguish you from other users and to provide you with a better experience on our websites. Close this message to accept cookies or find out how to manage your cookie settings.

Close cookie message
×
Hostname: page-component-cd9895bd7-lnqnp Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-12-25T16:58:16.100Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

Chapter 16 - The Cal-DSH Diversion Guidelines

from Part II - Solutions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  19 October 2021

By
Michael A. (Editor) Cummings ,
Charles Scott ,
Juan Carlos Arguello ,
Ai-Li W. Arias ,
Ashley M. Breth ,
Darci Delgado ,
Philip D. Harvey ,
Jonathan M. Meyer ,
Jennifer O’Day  and
Megan Pollock
...Show all authors
Edited by
Katherine Warburton  and
Stephen M. Stahl
Katherine Warburton
Affiliation:
University of California, Davis
Stephen M. Stahl
Affiliation:
University of California, San Diego
Get access

Summary

Nearly three times as many people detained in a jail have a serious mental illness (SMI) when compared to community samples. Once an individual with SMI gets involved in the criminal justice system, they are more likely than the general population to stay in the system, face repeated incarcerations, and return to prison more quickly when compared to their nonmentally ill counterparts.

Type
Chapter
Information
Decriminalizing Mental Illness , pp. 155 - 173
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2021

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Steadman, HJ, Osher, FC, Robbins, PC, et al. Prevalence of serious mental illness among jail inmates. Psychiatr Serv. 2009; 60: 761–765.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Baillargeon, J, Binswanger, AI, Penn, JV, Williams, BE, Murray, OJ. Psychiatric disorders and repeat incarcerations: the revolving prison door. Am J Psychiatry. 2009; 166: 103–109.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Barbera, SS, Dennis, DL. A national survey of jail diversion programs for mentally ill detainees. Hospital and Community Psychiatry. 1994; 45: 1109–1113.Google Scholar
National Institute of Mental Health. Serious Mental Illness. www.nimh.nih.gov/health/statistics/mental-illness.shtml#:~:text=Serious%20mental%20illness%20(SMI)%20is,or%20more%20major%20life%20activities (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Ford, EB, Silverman, KD, Solimo, A, et al. Clinical outcomes of specialized treatment units for patients with serious mental illness in the New York City jail system. Psychiatr Serv. 2020; 71: 547–555.Google Scholar
Kubiak, S, Comartin, EB, Hanna, J, Swanson, L. Identification, referral, and services for individuals with serious mental illness across multiple jails. J Correct Health Care. 2020; 26(2): 168–182.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Scott, JE, Osher, F, Agnese, TK, Robbins, PC. Validation of the brief jail mental health screen. Psychiatr Serv. 2005; 56: 816–822.Google Scholar
Kessler, RC, Andrews, G, Colpe, LJ, et al. Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in nonspecific psychological distress. Psychol Med. 2002; 32: 959–976.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kessler, RC, Barker, PR, Colpe, LJ, et al. Screening for serious mental illness in the general population. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003; 60: 184–189.Google Scholar
Bronson, J, Berzofsky, M. Indicators of mental health problems reported by prisoners and jail inmates, 2011–2012 (NCJ 250612). US Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics; 2017. www.bjs.gov/content/pub/pdf/imhprpji1112.pdf (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Bonfine, N, Wilson, AB, Munetz, MR. Meeting the needs of justice-involved people with serious mental illness within community behavioral health systems. Psychiatr Serv. 2020; 71: 355–363.Google Scholar
Epperson, MW, Wolff, N, Morgan, RD, et al. Envisioning the next generation of behavioral health and criminal justice interventions. Int J Law Psychiatry. 2014; 37: 427–438.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Peterson, J, Skeem, JL, Hart, E, Vidal, S, Keith, F. Analyzing offense patterns as a function of mental illness to test the criminalization hypotheses. Psychiatr Serv. 2010; 61: 1217–1222.Google Scholar
Peterson, J, Skeem, JL, Kennealy, P, Bray, B, Zvonkovic, A. How often and how consistently do symptoms directly precede criminal behavior among offenders with mental illness. Law Hum Behav. 2014; 39: 439–449.Google Scholar
Andrews, DA, Bonta, J. The Psychology of Criminal Conduct, 5th edn. New Providence, NJ: Anderson; 2010.Google Scholar
Munetz, MR, Griffin, PA. Use of the Sequential Intercept Model as an approach to decriminalization of people with serious mental illness. Psychiatr Serv. 2006; 57: 544–549.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Morris, SM, Dennis, DL. The diversion of mentally ill persons from jails to community-based services: a profile of programs. Am J Public Health. 1995; 85: 1630–1635.Google Scholar
Steadman, HJ, Deane, MW, Morrissey, JP, et al. A SAMHSA research initiative assessing the effectiveness of jail diversion programs for mentally ill persons. Psychiatr Serv. 1999; 50: 1620–1623.Google Scholar
Karel, LI, Delisle, DR, Anagnostis, EA, Wordell, CJ. Implementation of a formulary management process. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2017; 74: 1245–1252.Google Scholar
Hawthorne, WB, Folsom, DP, Sommerfeld, DH, et al. Incarceration among adults who are in the public mental health system: rates, risk factors, and short-term outcomes. Psychiatr Serv. 2012; 63: 26–32.Google Scholar
Berge, D, Mane, A, Salgado, P, et al. Predictors of relapse and functioning in first-episode psychosis: a two-year follow-up study. Psychiatr Serv. 2016; 67: 227–233.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Gill, KJ, Murphy, AA. Jail diversion for persons with serious mental illness coordinated by a prosecutor’s office. Biomed Res Int. 2017; 2017: 7917616.Google Scholar
Comartin, E, Kubiak, SP, Ray, B, Tillander, E, Hanna, J. Short- and long-term outcomes of mental health court participants by psychiatric diagnosis. Psychiatr Serv. 2015; 66: 923–929.Google Scholar
Gottfried, ED, Christopher, SC. Mental disorders among criminal offenders: a review of the literature. J Correct Health Care. 2017; 23: 336–346.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Cummings, MA, Proctor, GJ, Arias, AW. Dopamine antagonist antipsychotics in diverted forensic populations. CNS Spectr. 2020; 25(2): 128–135.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Garcia, S, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa, M, Lopez-Zurbano, S, et al. Adherence to antipsychotic medication in bipolar disorder and schizophrenic patients: a systematic review. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2016; 36: 355–371.Google Scholar
de Haan, L, Lavalaye, J, van Bruggen, M, et al. Subjective experience and dopamine D2 receptor occupancy in patients treated with antipsychotics: clinical implications. Can J Psychiatry. 2004; 49: 290–296.Google Scholar
Ostuzzi, G, Barbui, C. Comparative effectiveness of long-acting antipsychotics: issues and challenges from a pragmatic randomised study. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci. 2016; 25: 21–23.Google Scholar
Mohr, P, Knytl, P, Vorackova, V, Bravermanova, A, Melicher, T. Long-acting injectable antipsychotics for prevention and management of violent behaviour in psychotic patients. Int J Clin Pract. 2017; 71: 1–7.Google Scholar
Stevens, GL, Dawson, G, Zummo, J. Clinical benefits and impact of early use of long-acting injectable antipsychotics for schizophrenia. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2016; 10: 365–377.Google Scholar
Taipale, H, Mittendorfer-Rutz, E, Alexanderson, K, et al. Antipsychotics and mortality in a nationwide cohort of 29,823 patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2018; 197: 274–280.Google Scholar
Howes, OD, McCutcheon, R, Agid, O, et al. Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: Treatment Response and Resistance in Psychosis (TRRIP) working group consensus guidelines on diagnosis and terminology. Am J Psychiatry. 2017; 174(3): 216–229.Google Scholar
Beck, K, McCutcheon, R, Stephenson, L, et al. Prevalence of treatment-resistant psychoses in the community: a naturalistic study. J Psychopharmacol. 2019; 33(10): 1248–1253.Google Scholar
Meyer, JM, Stahl, SM. The Clozapine Handbook. New York, NY: Cambridge University Press; 2019.Google Scholar
Meyer, JM, Cummings, MA, Proctor, G, Stahl, SM. Psychopharmacology of persistent violence and aggression. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2016; 39: 541–556.Google Scholar
Suppes, T, Webb, A, Paul, B, et al. Clinical outcome in a randomized 1-year trial of clozapine versus treatment as usual for patients with treatment-resistant illness and a history of mania. Am J Psychiatry. 1999; 156: 1164–1169.Google Scholar
Meltzer, HY, Alphs, L, Green, AI, et al. Clozapine treatment for suicidality in schizophrenia: International Suicide Prevention Trial (InterSePT). [erratum appears in Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003; 60(7): 735]. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2003; 60(1): 82–91.Google Scholar
Yoshimura, B, Yada, Y, So, R, Takaki, M, Yamada, N. The critical treatment window of clozapine in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: secondary analysis of an observational study. Psychiatry Res. 2017; 250: 65–70.Google Scholar
Sheitman, BB, Catlett, TL, Zarzar, TR. Limited availability and use of clozapine in state prisons. Psychiatr Serv. 2019; 70: 256.Google Scholar
Meyer, JM. Monitoring and improving antipsychotic adherence in outpatient forensic diversion programs. CNS Spectr. 2020; 25(2): 136–144.Google Scholar
National Institute on Drug Abuse. Principles of drug addiction treatment: a research-based guide, 3rd edn. 2018. www.drugabuse.gov/publications/principles-drug-addiction-treatment-research-based-guide-third-edition (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Connery, HS. Medication-assisted treatment of opioid use disorder: review of the evidence and future directions. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2015; 23: 63–75.Google Scholar
Crowley, RA, Kirschner, N. The integration of care for mental health, substance abuse, and other behavioral health conditions into primary care: executive summary of an American College of Physicians position paper. Ann Intern Med. 2015; 163(4): 298–299.Google Scholar
Kampman, K, Jarvis, M. American Society of Addiction Medicine (ASAM) national practice guideline for the use of medications in the treatment of addiction involving opioid use. J Addict Med. 2015; 9(5): 358–367.Google Scholar
Connor, JP, Haber, PS, Hall, WD. Alcohol use disorders. Lancet. 2016; 387: 988–998.Google Scholar
Davis, DR, Kurti, AN, Skelly, JM, et al. A review of the literature on contingency management in the treatment of substance use disorders, 2009–2014. Prev Med. 2016; 92: 36–46.Google Scholar
Higgins, ST, Sigmon, SC, Heil, SH. Contingency management in the treatment of substance use disorders: trends in the literature. In: Ruiz, P, Strain, E., eds. Lowinson and Ruiz’s Substance Abuse: a Comprehensive Textbook. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2011: 603–621.Google Scholar
Lussier, JP, Heil, SH, Mongeon, JA, Badger, GJ, Higgins, ST. A meta‐analysis of voucher‐based reinforcement therapy for substance use disorders. Addiction 2006; 101: 192–203.Google Scholar
Prochaska, JO, DiClemente, CC. The Transtheoretical Approach: Crossing Traditional Boundaries of Therapy. Florida, US: Krieger Pub Co; 1994.Google Scholar
DiClemente, CC, Nidecker, M, Bellack, AS. Motivation and the stages of change among individuals with severe mental illness and substance abuse disorders. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2008; 34(1): 25–35.Google Scholar
Smedslund, G, Berg, RC, Hammerstrøm, KT, et al. Motivational interviewing for substance abuse. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011; (5): CD008063.Google Scholar
McHugh, RK, Hearon, BA, Otto, MW. Cognitive behavioral therapy for substance use disorders. Psychiatr Clin. 2010; 33: 511–525.Google Scholar
Lee, EB, An, W, Levin, ME, Twohig, MP. An initial meta-analysis of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for treating substance use disorders. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2015; 155: 1–7.Google Scholar
Stotts, AL, Northrup, TF. The promise of third-wave behavioral therapies in the treatment of substance use disorders. Curr Opin Psychol. 2015; 2: 75–81.Google Scholar
Bassuk, EL, Hanson, J, Greene, RN, Richard, M, Laudet, A. Peer-delivered recovery support services for addictions in the United States: a systematic review. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2016; 63: 1–9.Google Scholar
Reif, S, Braude, L, Lyman, DR, et al. Peer recovery support for individuals with substance use disorders: assessing the evidence. Psychiatr Serv. 2014; 65: 853–861.Google Scholar
Committee on Crossing the Quality Chasm: Adaptation to Mental Health and Addictive Disorders, Board on Health Care Services, Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences. Improving the Quality of Health Care for Mental and Substance-Use Conditions (Quality Chasm). Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2006.Google Scholar
Bond, J, Kaskutas, LA, Weisner, C. The persistent influence of social networks and alcoholics anonymous on abstinence. J Stud Alcohol. 2003; 64(4): 579–588.Google Scholar
Stevens, E, Jason, LA, Ram, D, Light, J. Investigating social support and network relationships in substance use disorder recovery. Subst Abus. 2015; 36(4): 396–399.Google Scholar
Redlich, AD, Steadman, HJ, Monahan, J, Petrila, J, Griffin, PA. The second generation of mental health courts. Psychol Public Policy Law. 2005; 11: 527–538.Google Scholar
Jaggi, LJ, Mezuk, B, Watkins, DC, Jackson, JS. The relationship between trauma, arrest, and incarceration history among Black Americans: findings from the national survey of American life. Soc Ment Health. 2016; 6: 187–206.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
US Department of Health & Human Services. Housing and Shelter. SAMHSA; 2019. www.samhsa.gov/homelessness-programs-resources/hpr-resources/housing-shelter (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Mueser, K, Goodman, L, Trumbetta, S, et al. Trauma and posttraumatic stress disorder in severe mental illness. J Consult Clin Psychol. 1998; 66(3): 493–499.Google Scholar
Seow, LSE, Ong, C, Mahesh, MV, et al. A systematic review on comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder in schizophrenia. Schizophr Res. 2016; 176: 441–451.Google Scholar
Green, K, Browne, K, Chou, S. The relationship between childhood maltreatment and violence to others in individuals with psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Trauma Violence Abuse. 2019; 20: 358–373.Google Scholar
Guarino, K, Bassuk, E. Working with families experiencing homelessness: understanding trauma and its impact. Zero to Three J. 2010; 30: 11–20.Google Scholar
Ko, S, Ford, J, Kassam-Adams, N, et al. Creating trauma-informed systems: child welfare, education, first responders, health care, juvenile justice. Prof Psychol Res Pr. 2008; 39(4): 396–404.Google Scholar
Bratina, MP. Forensic Mental Health: Framing Integrated Solutions. New York and Abingdon, UK: Routledge; 2017.Google Scholar
Fowler, PJ, Farrell, AF. Housing and child well being: implications for research, policy, and practice. Am J Community Psychol. 2017; 60(1–2): 3–8.Google Scholar
Roy, L, Crocker, AG, Nicholls, TL, Latimer, E, Isaak, CA. Predictors of criminal justice system trajectories of homeless adults living with mental illness. Int J Law Psychiatry. 2016; 49: 75–83.Google Scholar
Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (US). Trauma Informed Care in Behavioral Health Services. Treatment Improved Protocol (TIP) Series, No. 57. Rockville, MD: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2014.Google Scholar
US Department of Health and Human Services. SAMHSA’s Concept of Trauma and Guidance for a Trauma-informed Approach. SAMHSA’s Trauma and Justice Strategic Initiative; 2014. https://store.samhsa.gov/sites/default/files/d7/priv/sma14-4884.pdf (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Thompson-Lastad, A, Yen, IH, Fleming, MD, et al. Defining trauma in complex care management: safety-net providers’ perspectives on structural vulnerability and time. Soc Sci Med. 2017; 186: 104–112.Google Scholar
Muskett, C. Trauma-informed care in inpatient mental health settings: a review of the literature. Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2014; 23: 51–59.Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Peterson, JK. Major risk factors for recidivism among offenders with mental illness. 2011. http://risk-resilience.berkeley.edu/journal-article/major-risk-factors-recidivism-among-offenders-mental-illness (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Andrews, D, Bonta, J, Wormith, JS. Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LC/CMI): an offender assessment system. User’s manual. Toronto: Multi-Health Systems. 2004.Google Scholar
Morgan, RD, Fisher, WH, Duan, N, Mandracchia, JT, Murray, D. Prevalence of criminal thinking among state prison inmates with serious mental illness. Law Hum Behav. 2010; 43: 324–336.Google Scholar
Ross, R, Fabiano, E, Ewles, C. Reasoning and rehabilitation. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol. 1988; 32: 29–35.Google Scholar
Little, GL, Robinson, KD. Moral Reconation Therapy: a systematic step-by-step treatment system for treatment resistant clients. Psychol Rep. 1998; 62: 135–151.Google Scholar
Bush, J, Glick, B, Taymans, J. Thinking for a Change: Integrated Cognitive Behavior Change Program. Washington DC: National Institute of Corrections, US Department of Justice; 1997 (revised 1998).Google Scholar
Kurtz, MM, Donato, J, Rose, J. Crystallized verbal skills in schizophrenia: relationship to neurocognition, symptoms, and functional status. Neuropsychology. 2011; 25: 784–791.Google Scholar
Wilk, CM, Gold, JM, McMahon, RP, et al. No, it is not possible to be schizophrenic yet neuropsychologically normal. Neuropsychology. 2005; 19: 778–786.Google Scholar
Kern, RS, Green, MF, Satz, P. Neuropsychological predictors of skills training for chronic psychiatric patients. Psychiatry Res. 1992; 43: 223–230.Google Scholar
Mueser, KT, Bellack, AS, Douglas, MS, Wade, JH. Prediction of social skill acquisition in schizophrenic and major affective disorder patients from memory and symptomatology. Psychiatry Res. 1991; 37: 281–296.Google Scholar
Green, MF, Kern, RS, Braff, DL, Mintz, J. Neurocognitive deficits and functional outcome in schizophrenia: are we measuring the ‘right stuff’? Schizophr Bull. 2000; 26: 119–136.Google Scholar
Green, MF, Kern, RS, Heaton, RK. Longitudinal studies of cognition and functional outcome in schizophrenia: implications for MATRICS. Schizophr Res. 2004; 72: 41–51.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Reinharth, J, Reynolds, G, Dill, C, Serper, M. Cognitive predictors of violence in schizophrenia: a meta-analytic review. Schizophr Res: Cogn. 2014; 1(2): 101–111.Google Scholar
Horan, W, Roberts, DL, Holshausen, K. Integrating social cognitive training. In: Medalia, A, Bowie, C, eds. Cognitive Remediation to Improve Functional Outcomes. New York: Oxford University Press; 1995: 194–210.Google Scholar
Deckler, E, Hodgins, G, Pinkham, A, Penn, D, Harvey, PD. Social cognition and neurocognition in schizophrenia and healthy controls: intercorrelations of performance and effects of manipulations aimed at increasing task difficulty. Front Psychiatry. 2018; 9: 356.Google Scholar
Jones, MT, Harvey, PD. Neurocognition and social cognition training as treatments for violence and aggression in people with severe mental illness. CNS Spectr. 2020; 25(2): 145–153.Google Scholar
Picchioni, M, Harris, S, Surgladze, S, Reichenberg, AVI, Murphy, D. A neuro-psychological model of violence propensity in schizophrenia. Eur Psychiatry. 2015; 30: 28–31.Google Scholar
O’Reilly, K, Donohoe, G, Coyle, C, et al. Prospective cohort study of the relationship between neuro-cognition, social cognition and violence in forensic patients with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. BMC Psychiatry. 2015; 15: 155.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Silberstein, JM, Pinkham, AE, Penn, DL, Harvey, PD. Self-assessment of social cognitive ability in schizophrenia: association with social cognitive test performance, informant assessments of social cognitive ability, and everyday outcomes. Schizophr Res. 2018; 199: 75–82.Google Scholar
Burns, T, Catty, J, White, S, et al. The impact of supported employment and working on clinical and social functioning: results of an international study of individual placement and support. Schizophr Bull. 2009; 35: 949–958.Google Scholar
Mueser, KT, Becker, DR, Torrey, WC, et al. Work and nonvocational domains of functioning in persons with severe mental illness: a longitudinal analysis. J Nerv Ment Dis. 1997; 185: 419–426.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Luciano, A, Bond, GR, Drake, RE. Does employment alter the course and outcome of schizophrenia and other severe mental illnesses?: a systematic review of longitudinal research. Schizophr Res. 2014; 159: 312–321.Google Scholar
Tsang, HWH, Chen, EYH. Perceptions on remission and recovery in schizophrenia. Psychopathology. 2007; 40(6): 469.Google Scholar
Vance, DE, Bail, J, Enah, CC, Palmer, JJ, Hoenig, AK. The impact of employment on cognition and cognitive reserve: implications across diseases and aging. Nurs: Res Rev. 2016; 6: 61–71.Google Scholar
Anthony, WA, Cohen, M, Farkas, M, Gagne, C. Psychiatric Rehabilitation, 2nd edn. Boston, MA: Center for Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Sargent College of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Boston University; 2002.Google Scholar
Cook, JA, Leff, HS, Blyler, CR, et al. Results of a multisite randomized trial of supported employment interventions for individuals with severe mental illness. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005; 62: 505–512.Google Scholar
Tsang, HW, Leung, AY, Chung, RC, Bell, M, Cheung, WM. Review on vocational predictors: a systematic review of predictors of vocational outcomes among individuals with schizophrenia: an update since 1998. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2010; 44: 495–504.Google Scholar
Liberman, RP, Green, MF. Whither cognitive-behavioral therapy for schizophrenia? Schizophr Bull. 1992; 18: 27–35.Google Scholar
van Duin, D, de Winter, L, Oud, M, et al. The effect of rehabilitation combined with cognitive remediation on functioning in persons with severe mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychol Med. 2019; 49: 1414–1425.Google Scholar
McGurk, SR, Mueser, KT, Pascaris, A. Cognitive training and supported employment for persons with severe mental illness: one-year results from a randomized controlled trial. Schizophr Bull. 2005; 31: 898–909.Google Scholar
Bellack, A, Mueser, KT, Gingerich, S, Agresta, J. Social Skills Training for Schizophrenia: a Step by Step Guide, 2nd edn. New York and London: Guildford Press; 2004: 3.Google Scholar
Tenhula, WN, Bellack, AS. Social skills training. In: Mueser, KT, Jeste, DV, eds. Clinical Handbook of Schizophrenia. New York and London: Guildford Press; 2008: 241–248.Google Scholar
Dixon, LB, Dickerson, F, Bellack, AS, et al. The 2009 schizophrenia PORT psychosocial treatment recommendations and summary statements. Schizophr Bull. 2010; 36: 48–70.Google Scholar
Granholm, E, McQuaid, JR, Holden, J. Cognitive Behavioral Social Skills Training for Schizophrenia: a Practical Treatment Guide. New York and London: Guildford Press; 2016.Google Scholar
Sommerfeld, DH, Aarons, GA, Naqvi, JB, et al. Stakeholder perspectives on implementing cognitive behavioral social skills training on assertive community treatment teams. Adm Policy Ment Health. 2019; 46(2): 188–199.Google Scholar
Sommerfeld, DH, Granholm, E, Holden, J, et al. Concept mapping study of stakeholder perceptions of implementation of cognitive-behavioral social skills training on assertive community treatment teams. Psychol Serv. 2019; 10.1037/ser0000335.Google Scholar
Dixon, L, Adams, C, Lucksted, A. Update on family psychoeducation for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull. 2000; 26: 5–20.Google Scholar
Rosenberg SJR, Rosenberg J. Community Mental Health: Challenges for the 21st Century, 3rd edn. New York, NY: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group; 2018.Google Scholar
Toohey, MJ, Muralidharan, A, Medoff, D, Lucksted, A, Dixon, L. Caregiver positive and negative appraisals: effects of the national alliance on mental illness family-to-family intervention. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2016; 204: 156.Google Scholar
Hayes, L, Harvey, C, Farhall, J. Family psychoeducation for the treatment of psychosis. InPsych. 2013; 35: 16–17.Google Scholar
Brister, T, Cavaleri, MA, Olin, SS, et al. An evaluation of the NAMI basics program. J Child Fam Stud. 2012; 21: 439–442.Google Scholar
McFarlane, WR. Family interventions for schizophrenia and the psychoses: a review. Fam Process. 2016; 55(3): 460–482.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Pharoah, F, Mari, J, Rathbone, J, Wong, W. Family intervention for schizophrenia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010; (12): CD000088.Google Scholar
Hooley, JM. Expressed emotion: a review of the critical literature. Clin Psychol Rev. 1985; 5: 119–139.Google Scholar
Harvey, C. Family psychoeducation for people living with schizophrenia and their families. BJPsych Adv. 2018; 24(1): 9–19.Google Scholar
Padgett, DK. There’s no place like (a) home: ontological security among persons with serious mental illness in the United States. Soc Sci Med. 2007; 64(9): 1925–1936.Google Scholar
Kertesz, SG, Crouch, K, Milby, JB, Cusimano, RE, Schumacher, JE. Housing first for homeless persons with active addiction: are we overreaching? Milbank Q. 2009; 87(2): 495–534.Google Scholar
Aubry, T, Nelson, G, Tsemberis, S. Housing first for people with severe mental illness who are homeless: a review of the research and findings from the At Home – Chez Soi demonstration project. Can J Psychiatry. 2015; 60: 467–474.Google Scholar
Tsemberis, S, Eisenberg, RF. Pathways to housing: supported housing for street-dwelling homeless individuals with psychiatric disabilities. Psychiatr Serv. 2000; 51(4): 487–493.Google Scholar
Peterson, T. Finding group homes for mentally ill adults. Healthy Place; 2019. www.healthyplace.com/other-info/mental-illness-overview/finding-group-homes-for-mentally-ill-adults (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Mares, AS, Kasprow, WJ, Rosenheck, RA. Outcomes of supported housing for homeless veterans with psychiatric and substance abuse problems. Ment Health Serv Res. 2004; 6: 199–211.Google Scholar
Tsai, J, Rosenheck, RA, Kasprow, WJ, McGuire, JF. Sobriety as an admission criterion for transitional housing: a multi-site comparison of programs with a sobriety requirement to programs with no sobriety requirement. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2012; 125(3): 223–229.Google Scholar
National Alliance to End Homelessness. Fact sheet: Housing First. 2016. http://endhomelessness.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/housing-first-fact-sheet.pdf (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Pearson, CL. The applicability of Housing First models to homeless persons with serious mental illness. United States Department of Housing and Urban Development – Office of Policy Development Research; 2007. www.huduser.gov/Publications/pdf/hsgfirst.pdf (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Aubry, T, Tsemberis, S, Adair, CE, et al. One-year outcomes of a randomized controlled trial of housing first with ACT in five Canadian cities. Psychiatr Serv. 2015; 66: 463–469.Google Scholar
Stergiopoulos, V, Hwang, SW, Gozdzik, A, et al. Effect of scattered-site housing using rent supplements and intensive case management on housing stability among homeless adults with mental illness: a randomized trial. J Am Med Assoc. 2015; 313: 905–915.Google Scholar
Anderson, JM, Buenaventura, M, Heaton, P. The effects of holistic defense on criminal justice outcomes. Harv Law Rev. 2019; 132(3): 819.Google Scholar
Grudzinskas, AJ, Jr., Clayfield, JC, Roy‐Bujnowski, K, Fisher, WH, Richardson, MH. Integrating the criminal justice system into mental health service delivery: the Worcester diversion experience. Behav Sci Law. 2005; 23(2): 277–293.Google Scholar
Buchanan, S, Nooe, RM. Defining social work within holistic public defense: challenges and implications for practice. Soc Work. 2017; 62(4): 333–339.Google Scholar
Steinberg, R. Heeding Gideon’s call in the twenty-first century: holistic defense and the new public defense paradigm. Washington Lee L Rev. 2013; 70: 961.Google Scholar
Dieterich, M, Irving, CB, Bergman, H, et al. Intensive case management for severe mental illness. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017; 1(1): CD007906.Google Scholar
Bond, GR, Drake, RE, Mueser, KT, et al. Assertive community treatment for people with severe mental illness. Dis Manage Health Outcomes. 2001; 9(3): 141–159.Google Scholar
Dieterich, M, Irving, CB, Bergman, H, et al. Intensive case management for severe mental illness. Schizophr Bull. 2017; 43: 698–700.Google Scholar
Neale, MS, Rosenheck, RA. Therapeutic alliance and outcome in a VA intensive case management program. Psychiatr Serv. 1995; 46: 719–721.Google Scholar
US Department of Health and Human Services. Adult mental health treatment court locator. SAMHSA’s GAINS Center; 2019. www.samhsa.gov/gains-center/mental-health-treatment-court-locator/adults (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar
Skeem, JL, Manchak, S, Peterson, JK. Correctional policy for offenders with mental illness: creating a new paradigm for recidivism reduction. Law Hum Behav. 2011; 35: 110–126.Google Scholar
Huz, S, Thorning, H, White, CN, et al. Time in assertive community treatment: a statewide quality improvement initiative to reduce length of participation. Psychiatr Serv. 2017; 68: 539–541.Google Scholar
Lamberti, JS, Weisman, RL, Cerulli, C, et al. A randomized controlled trial of the Rochester Forensic Assertive Community Treatment Model. Psychiatr Serv. 2017; 68: 1016–1024.Google Scholar
Haneberg, R, Fabelo, T, Osher, F, Thompson, M. Reducing the number of people with mental illnesses in jail: six questions county leaders need to ask. The Stepping Up Initiative; 2017. https://stepuptogether.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/Reducing-the-Number-of-People-with-Mental-Illnesses-in-Jail_Six-Questions.pdf (accessed June 2020).Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×