Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Prelude: Jesus Christ, foundation of Christianity
- Part I The Political, Social and Religious Setting
- Part II The Jesus Movements
- Part III Community Traditions and Self-Definition
- Part IV Regional Varieties of Christianity in the First Three Centuries
- 15 From Jerusalem to the ends of the earth
- 16 Overview: the geographical spread of Christianity
- 17 Asia Minor and Achaea
- 18 Egypt
- 19 Syria and Mesopotamia
- 20 Gaul
- 21 North Africa
- 22 Rome
- Part V The Shaping of Christian Theology
- Part VI ‘Aliens’ become Citizens: towards Imperial Patronage
- Conclusion: retrospect and prospect
- Bibliographies
- Index
- Map 1. The Roman Empire in the time of Marcus Aurelius
- References
22 - Rome
from Part IV - Regional Varieties of Christianity in the First Three Centuries
Published online by Cambridge University Press: 28 March 2008
Book contents
- Frontmatter
- Prelude: Jesus Christ, foundation of Christianity
- Part I The Political, Social and Religious Setting
- Part II The Jesus Movements
- Part III Community Traditions and Self-Definition
- Part IV Regional Varieties of Christianity in the First Three Centuries
- 15 From Jerusalem to the ends of the earth
- 16 Overview: the geographical spread of Christianity
- 17 Asia Minor and Achaea
- 18 Egypt
- 19 Syria and Mesopotamia
- 20 Gaul
- 21 North Africa
- 22 Rome
- Part V The Shaping of Christian Theology
- Part VI ‘Aliens’ become Citizens: towards Imperial Patronage
- Conclusion: retrospect and prospect
- Bibliographies
- Index
- Map 1. The Roman Empire in the time of Marcus Aurelius
- References
Summary
All roads lead to Rome. The perspective adopted here is that Rome absorbed many cross-currents from around the early Christian world, and, far from itself generating or disseminating a specific theology, the Roman church was fragmented and subject to repeated internal upheavals in the first three centuries. Time and again, this church found itself affected by controversies imported by immigrants from around the empire. This seems, generally speaking, a truer characterisation than Walter Bauer’s much discussed thesis that originally heretical forms of Christianity else where were brought into line by Rome seeking to impose its authority on other Christian communities.
The evidence
Evidence for the ancient city of Rome itself, its history and society, is far too extensive to detail here. Christians had little impact on the city’s life or monumental architecture prior to the major building programme undertaken by Constantine.
For Christianity in Rome there are literary sources, both Christian and non-Christian, and material evidence of various types.
Keywords
- Type
- Chapter
- Information
- The Cambridge History of Christianity , pp. 397 - 412Publisher: Cambridge University PressPrint publication year: 2006
References
‘Zum Stichwort: Rechtgläubigkeit und Ketzerei im ältesten Christentum’, Zeitschrift für Kirchengeschichte
80 (1969).Google Scholar
and
. Handbuch der Dogmen- und Theologiegeschichte, vol. I: Die Lehrentwicklung im Rahmen der Katholizität, 2nd ed. (Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 1999).Google Scholar
‘“Philosophie” et “philosophe” dans le vocabulaire chrétien des premiers siècles’, Revue d’ascétique et de mystique
25 (1949).Google Scholar
Orthodoxy and heresy in earliest Christianity, ET of 2nd German ed. (1964),
, and
(eds. and trans.) (London: SCM Press, 1972).
Hippolytus and the Roman church in the third century: communities in tension before the emergence of a monarch-bishop, VCSup
31 (1995).
Hippolytus between east and west: the commentaries and the provenance of the corpus, OTM (2002).
, and
. Rome: an Oxford archaeological guide to Rome, Oxford archaeological guides (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1998).
‘Das Tropaion der Petersmemorie: eine Quellenrelecture’, in ‘… zur Zeit oder Unzeit’: Studien zur spätantiken Theologie-, Geistes- und Kunstgeschichte und ihrer Nachwirkung: Hans Georg Thümmel zu Ehren,
, and
(eds.), Texts and studies in the history of theology 9 (Mandelbachtal and Cambridge: Edition Cicero, 2004).Google Scholar
Early church history to a.d. 313, 2 vols. (London: Macmillan
1909).
and
. The Roman catacombs and their martyrs,
(trans.) (Milwaukee, WI: Bruce, 1956).
‘Die Anfänge von Diakonat, Presbyterat und Episkopat in der frühen Kirche’, in Das Priestertum in der Einen Kirche: Diakonat, Presbyterat und Episkopat,
and
(eds.), Koinonia 4 (Aschaffenburg: Kaffke-Verlag, 1986).Google Scholar
and
. Der Paradox Eine: antignostischer Monarchianismus im zweiten Jahrhundert, VCSup
50 (1999).
Conflict at Rome: social order and hierarchy in early Christianity (Minneapolis: Fortress, 1991).
From Paul to Valentinus: Christians at Rome in the first two centuries,
(trans.) (Minneapolis: Fortress, 2003).
‘Zur Geschichte des ältesten Christentums in Rom’, Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der älteren Kirche
70 (1979).Google Scholar
Heretics: the other side of early Christianity,
(trans.) (London: SCM Press, 1996).
Catacombs and basilicas: the early Christians in Rome,
(trans.) (Florence: Scala, 1981).
‘St Paul’s letter to the Romans – and others’, in The Romans debate: revised and expanded version,
(ed.) (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1991).Google Scholar
Gregory the Great and his world (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1997).
The expansion of Christianity: a gazetteer of its first three centuries, VCSup
69 (2004).
Foreigners at Rome: citizens and strangers (London: Duckworth, 2000).
The Bauer thesis examined: the geography of heresy in the early Christian church, Studies in the Bible and early Christianity 11 (Lewiston, NY: Mellen, 1988).
‘Gibt es Quellen zur Sozialgeschichte der Valentinianer Roms?’, Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft und die Kunde der älteren Kirche
79 (1988).Google Scholar
Ante pacem: archaeological evidence of church life before Constantine, 2nd ed. (Macon, GA: Mercer University Press, 2003).
‘Der Ökumenische Patriarch: zur Entstehung und kanonischen Bestätigung einer frühkirchlichen Institution im Spannungsfeld mit der Kirche von Rom’, in ‘… zur Zeit oder Unzeit’: Studien zur spätantiken Theologie-, Geistes- und Kunstgeschichte und ihrer Nachwirkung: Hans Georg Thümmel zu Ehren,
, and
(eds.), Texts and studies in the history of theology 9 (Mandelbachtal and Cambridge: Edition Cicero, 2004).Google Scholar
(ed.). Lexicon topographicum urbis Romae, 6 vols. (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995–2000).
The catacombs: rediscovered monuments of early Christianity (London: Thames and Hudson, 1978).
(ed. and trans.). Hippolytus: On the apostolic tradition (Crestwood, NY: St Vladimir’s Seminary Press, 2001).
and
. ‘Recent research on the origin of the Creed’, Journal of theological studies n.s. 50 (1999).Google Scholar
‘“Oxbridge” in der ausgehenden Spätantike, oder ein Vergleich der Schulen von Athen und Alexandrien’, Zeitschrift für antikes Christentum/Journal of ancient Christianity
4 (2000).Google Scholar
‘Der Schluß des Lukasevangeliums bei Marcion’, in Marcion und seine kirchengeschichtliche Wirkung,
and
(eds.), TU
150 (2002).Google Scholar
‘Die Entstehung des römischen Glaubensbekenntnisses’, in Tauffragen und Bekenntnis: Studien zur sogenannten ‘Traditio apostolica’, zu den ‘Interrogationes de fide’ und zum ‘Römischen Glaubensbekenntnis’,
, , and
(eds.), AKG
74 (1999).Google Scholar
‘Die frühchristlichen Lehrer, Gnostiker und Philosophen, und die Ziele ihres Unterrichts’, Das Altertum
41 (1996).Google Scholar
‘Hippolyt von Rom und seine Statue’, in ‘… zur Zeit oder Unzeit’: Studien zur spätantiken Theologie-, Geistes- und Kunstgeschichte und ihrer Nachwirkung: Hans Georg Thümmel zu Ehren,
, and
(eds.), Texts and studies in the history of theology 9 (Mandelbachtal and Cambridge: Edition Cicero, 2004).Google Scholar
‘Viktor I, Bischof von Rom’, Theologische Realenzyklopädie,
and
(eds.) (Berlin: De Gruyter, 1976–)35 (2003).Google Scholar
Der Kirchenhistoriker Sokrates: Untersuchungen zu Geschichtsdarstellung, Methode und Person, FKDG
68 (1997).
Gottesfürchtige und Sympathisanten: Studien zum heidnischen Umfeld von Diasporasynagogen, WUNT
104 (1998).
Trennungsprozesse zwischen frühem Christentum und Judentum im 1. Jahrhundert n. Chr. Datierbare Abfolgen zwischen der Hinrichtung Jesu und der Zerstörung des Jerusalemer Tempels, TANZ
16 (1994, 2nd rev. ed. 1997).
‘Defining heresy’, in The origins of Christendom in the west,
(ed.) (Edinburgh: T&T Clark, 2001)Google Scholar
- 4
- Cited by