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30 - Neuropsychological Assessment of Dementia

from Part III - Assessment and Diagnosis of Specific Mental Disorders

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  06 December 2019

By
David P. Salmon
Edited by
Martin Sellbom  and
Julie A. Suhr
Martin Sellbom
Affiliation:
University of Otago, New Zealand
Julie A. Suhr
Affiliation:
Ohio University
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Summary

Neuropsychological assessment plays an important role in detecting and characterizing the dementia syndrome associated with neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Comprehensive cognitive testing can identify mild cognitive deficits that typically occur in early stages of AD and can detect subtle cognitive changes that occur in the preclinical or prodromal stages of the disease before the onset of frank dementia. Recent evidence suggests that profiles of AD-related cognitive deficits may differ across cultures, perhaps due to incomplete or inappropriate adaptation of tests, distinct health factors (e.g., high vascular risk) that may impact cognition, or differences in normative data arising from education or health disparities. Neuropsychological assessment can also aid in differential diagnosis by identifying distinct cognitive profiles associated with AD and other neurodegenerative disorders that engender different distributions of brain pathology. These comparisons provide a useful method for understanding brain-behavior relationships that mediate the affected cognitive abilities.

Keywords

dementiaAlzheimer’s diseasemild cognitive impairmentsubcortical dementiavascular dementiacross-cultural cognitive assessment
Type
Chapter
Information
The Cambridge Handbook of Clinical Assessment and Diagnosis , pp. 416 - 430
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 2019

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