Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
Hostname: page-component-78c5997874-xbtfd Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-11-07T23:03:21.634Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false

CHAPTER X - SYRIA c. 1550–1400 B.C.

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  28 March 2008

Get access

Summary

SYRIA IN THE SIXTEENTH CENTURY B.C.

The march of Murshilish I and his Hittite army down the Euphrates, and pillage and destruction of Babylon, in the early years of the sixteenth century, marked the end of an epoch, and ushered in an era of great political change. Governments were overthrown and dynasties ended, and in the confusion which ensued, new peoples moved into the area which at one time used to be known as the Fertile Crescent. During the seventeenth century, a time when archaeology shows a decline in civilization and almost no written evidence has survived, the ethnic map of the Ancient Near East was redrawn, new city states were founded, and old ones declined and were abandoned, or grew prosperous and increased their territory. Though the changes appear sudden, they must have happened gradually, and had begun much earlier. Chief and most vigorous of the newcomers were the Hurrians, whose appearances in the Near East as early as the third millennium have already been mentioned.

From their homeland in the southern Caucasus and the mountains of Armenia these vigorous warriors had spread gradually south and west during the course of the third millennium and the first centuries of the second; they are found as the ruling class at Urkish in the time of the Akkadian kings, and this hilly region somewhere south of Diyarbakr remained a stronghold of Hurrian civilization throughout their history. In the mythological text known as the Song of Ullikummi, Urkish is named as the seat of Kumarbi, one of the great deities of the Hurrian pantheon.

Type
Chapter
Information
Publisher: Cambridge University Press
Print publication year: 1973

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Abel, F.-M.Le littoral palestinien et ses ports.’ In Revue biblique II (1914).Google Scholar
Abel, F.-M. Géographie de la Palestine. 2 vols. Paris, 1938–67.Google Scholar
Aharoni, Y.Zephath of Thutmose.’ In Israel Exploration Journal 9 (1959).Google Scholar
Aharoni, Y.Some geographical remarks concerning the campaigns of Amenhotep II.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 19 (1960).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aharoni, Y.The Land of'Amqi.’ In Israel Exploration Journal 3 (1953).Google Scholar
Aharoni, Y.Anaharath.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 26 (1967).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Aharoni, Y. The Land of the Bible: a Historical Geography. Trs. Rainey, A. F.. London, 1968.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F. From the Stone Age to Christianity. Ed. 2. Baltimore, 1957.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F.The land of Damascus between 1850 and 1750.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 83 (1941).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, W. F.New Light on the History of Western Asia in the Second Millennium B.C’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 77 (Feb. 1940), ff.; 78 (April 1940).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, W. F.Palestine in the Earliest Historical Period.’ In Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society 15 (1935).Google Scholar
Albright, W. F.Some Important Recent Discoveries: Alphabetic Origins and the Idrimi Statue.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 118 (1950).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, W. F.A Prince of Taanach in the Fifteenth Century B.C’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 95 (1944). ff.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F. The Archaeology of Palestine. Revised ed. Harmondsworth, 1960.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F.The chronology of a South Palestinian city, Tell el-'Ajjūl.’ In American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 55 (1938).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, W. F.Cuneiform Material for Egyptian Prosopography.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 5 (1946).Google Scholar
Albright, W. F.Egypt and the early history of the Negeb.’ In Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society 4 (1924).Google Scholar
Albright, W. F. Yahweh and the Gods of Canaan. London, 1968.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F. and Rowe, Alan.A Royal Stele of the New Empire from Galilee.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 14 (1928).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, W. F.The Egyptian Correspondence of Abi-Milki, Prince of Tyre.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 23 (1937).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, W. F.Abram the Hebrew. A New Archaeological Interpretation.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 163 (1961).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Albright, W. F.Syrien, Phönizien und Palöstina.’ In Historia Mundi, ed. Kern, Fritz, II: Grundlagen und Entfaltung der ältesten Hochkulturen, 331 ff. Bern, 1953.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F. The Proto-Sinaitic Inscriptions and their Decipherment (Harvard Theol. Studies, 22). Cambridge, Mass., 1966.Google Scholar
Albright, W. F. The Vocalization of the Egyptian Syllabic Orthography (American Oriental Series; American Oriental Society 5). New Haven, 1934.Google Scholar
Alt, A.Die Wege der Pharaonenheere in Palästina und Syrien.’ In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 60 (1937), ff.; 61 (1938).Google Scholar
Alt, A.Das Institut im Jahre 1928: Die Reise.’ In Palästina Jahrbuch 25 (1929).Google Scholar
Alt, A. Kleine Schriften zur Geschichte des Volkes Israel. 3 vols. Munich, 1959.Google Scholar
Alt, A.Neue Berichte über Feldzüge von Pharaonen des Neuen Reiches nach Palästina.’ In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 70 (1954).Google Scholar
Alt, A.Bemerkungen zu den Verwaltungsurkunden von Ugarit und Alalakh.’ In Die Welt des Orients 11 (1957), ff, ff..Google Scholar
Amadasi, M. G. L iconografia del carro da guerra in Siria e Palestina (Studi Semitic, 17). Rome, 1965.Google Scholar
Amiran, R. B. K.A Seal from Brak: Expression of Consecutive Movement.’ In Iraq, 18 (1956).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Anati, E. Palestine before the Hebrews. London, 1963.Google Scholar
Andrae, W. Das wiedererstandene Assur. Leipzig, 1938.Google Scholar
Andrae, W. Die Stelenreihen in Assur (Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesell-schaft 24). Leipzig, 1913.Google Scholar
Andrae, W. Die jüngere Ischtartempel in Assur (Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesell-schaft 58). Leipzig, 1935.Google Scholar
Archives Royales de Mari (translation vols) Les Archives Royales de Mari (texts in transliteration and translation), IIX. Paris, 1950–60.
Artzi, Pinhas. ‘Some unrecognized Syrian Amarna Letters (EA 260, 317,318).’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 27 (1968).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Astour, M. C.Place Names from the Kingdom of Alalakh in the North Syrian List of Thutmose III: A Study in Historical Topography.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 22 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Astour, M.Second Millennium b.c. Cypriot and Cretan Onomastica Reconsidered.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 84 (1964).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Astour, M.Les étrangers à Ugarit et le status juridique des Ḫabiru.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 53 (1959).Google Scholar
Astour, M.New Evidence on the Last Days of Ugarit.’ In American Journal of Archaeology 69 (1965).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Astour, M. C. Hellenosemitica. Leiden, 1965.Google Scholar
Astour, M. C.The Partition of Mukiš-Nuḫašše-Nii by Suppiluliuma. A Study in the Political Geography of the Amarna Age.’ In Orientalia n.s. 38 (1969).Google Scholar
Badawi, A.Die neue historische Stela Amenophis' II.’ In Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 42 (1943).Google Scholar
Balkan, K. Kassitenstudien. 1. Die Sprache der Kassiten. American Oriental Society Publ. no. 37. New Haven, 1954.Google Scholar
Balkan, K.Kas tarihinin ana hatlan.’ In Belleten, 12 (1948).Google Scholar
Baqir, Taha. Iraq Government Excavations at ‘ Aqar Qūf, 1942–1943. Supplement to Iraq, 1944.Google Scholar
Baqir, Taha. Iraq Government Excavations at ‘ Aqar Qūf 1943–1944. Supplement to Iraq, 1945.Google Scholar
Baqir, Taha.Iraq Government Excavations at ‘Aqar Qūf. Third Interim Report, 1944–5.’ In Iraq, 8 (1946).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Baqir, Taha.Aqar-Quf (Dur Kurigalzu).’ In Sumer, 17 (1961).Google Scholar
Barnett, R. D. A Catalogue of the Nimrud Ivories. London, 1957.Google Scholar
Barnett, R. D.Early Shipping in the Near East.’ In Antiq. 32 (1958).Google Scholar
Barnett, R. D.Phoenician and Syrian Ivory-carving.’ In Palestine Exploration Qarterly 1939.Google Scholar
Barnett, R. D.The Epic of Kumarbi and the Theogony of Hesiod.’ In Journal of Hellenic Studies 45 (1945), f.Google Scholar
Barrois, A. G. Manuel d'archéologie biblique. 2 vols. Paris, 1939, 1953.Google Scholar
Bass, G. F. Cape Gelidoniya: a Bronze Age Shipwreck (Trans. Am. Philosoph. Soc. n.s. 57, part 8). Philadelphia, 1967.Google Scholar
Bauer, Hans. Der Ursprung des Alphabets (Der Alte Orient 36 Bd. 1/2). Leipzig, 1937.Google Scholar
Beck, C. W. and Southard, G. C.The provenience of Mycenaean amber.’ In Atli e Memorie del i Congresso Internationale di Micenologia, Roma 196J (Incunabula Graeca 25: 1–3). 3 vols. Rome, 1968.Google Scholar
Benedict, W. C.Urartians and Hurrians.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 80 (1960).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Beran, T.Die Babylonische Glyptik der Kassitenzeit.’ In Archiv für Orient forschung 18 (1958).Google Scholar
Bietak, Manfred.Bericht über die erste und zweite Kampagneder österreich-ischen Ausgrabungen auf Tell Ed-Dab'a.’ In Mitteilungen des deutschen archäologischen Instituts Abt. Kairo, 23 (1968).Google Scholar
Bilabel, F. Geschichte Vorderasiens und Aegyptens vom 16.–11. Jahrhundert v. Chr. (Bibl. der Klassischen Altertumswissenschaft III, I). Heidelberg, 1927.Google Scholar
Bisi, A. M. II Grifone. Storia di un motivo iconografico nell'antico oriente mediterraneoi(Studi Semitici, 13). Rome, 1965.Google Scholar
Bittel, K., Heere, W. and Otten, H.Die hethitischen Grabfünde von Osmankayasi.’ In Boǧazköy–Ḫattusa, II, 60 ff. Berlin, 1958.Google Scholar
Bittel, K.Nur hethitische oder auch hurritische Kunst?’ In Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 49 (1950).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Boreux, Ch. Musée National du Louvre; Département des antiquités égyptiennes:Guide-catalogue sommaire. 2 vols. Paris, 1932.Google Scholar
Borger, R. Einleitung in die assyrischen Königsinschriften. Teil I: Das zweite Jahrtausend v. Chr. Handbuch der Orientalistik, Ergänzungsband V. Leiden, 1961.Google Scholar
Bossert, H. Alt-Syrien. Tübingen, 1951.Google Scholar
Bottéro, J. Le Problème des Ḫabiru. Paris, 1954.Google Scholar
Botti, Giuseppe.A Fragment of the Story of a Military Expedition of Tuthmosis III to Syria.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 41 (1955).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Braidwood, R. J.Report on two sondages on the coast of Syria, south of Tartous.’ In Syria, 21 (1940).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Breasted, J. H. Ancient Records of Egypt. 5 vols. Chicago, 1906–.Google Scholar
Brentjes, B.Der Elefant im alten Orient.’ In Klio, 39 (1961).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Brinkmann, J. A.Ur: “The Kassite Period and the Period of the Assyrian Kings”.’ In Orientalia n.s. 38 (1969).Google Scholar
Brunner, H.Mitanni in einem ägyptischen Text vor oder um 1500.’ In Mitteilungen des Instituts für Orientforschung 4 (1956).Google Scholar
Buccellati, G. Cities and Nations of Ancient Syria (Studi Semitic, 26). Rome, 1967.Google Scholar
Buchholz, H. G.Keftiubarren u. Erzhandel im zweiten vorchristlichen Jahrtausend.’ In Prähistorische Zeitschrift 37 (1959).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Buchholz, H.-G.Der Kupferhandel des zweiten vorchristlichen Jahrtausends im Speigel der Schriftforschung.’ In Minoica: Festschrift zum 80. Geburtstag von Joh. Sundwall, 92 ff. Berlin, 1958.Google Scholar
Burchardt, Max. Die altkanaanäischen Fremdworte und Eigennamen im Ägyptischen. 2 vols. Leipzig, 1909, 1910.Google Scholar
C.T. Cuneiform Texts in the British Museum. London, 1896–.
Cameron, G. G. History of Early Iran. Chicago, 1936.Google Scholar
Campbell, E. F. The Chronology of the Amarna Letters. Baltimore, 1964.Google Scholar
Carruba, E.Die Chronologie der hethitischen Texte und die hethitische Geschichte der Grossreichzeit.’ Suppl. 1 to Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft (1969).Google Scholar
Carter, H., Newberry, P. E. and Maspero, G. The Tomb of Thoutmôsis IV (Theodore M. Davis' Excavations in Bibân el Molûk). London, 1904.Google Scholar
Carter, Howard and Mace, A. C. The Tomb of Tut-ankh-Amen. 3 vols. London, New York, Toronto and Melbourne, 1923.Google Scholar
Cassin, E. L'adoption à Nuzi. Paris, 1958.Google Scholar
Cassin, E.Nouvelles données sur les relations familières à Nuzi.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 53 (1963).Google Scholar
Casson, S. A. Ancient Cyprus, its art and archaeology. London, 1937.Google Scholar
Cazelles, H.Hébreux, Ubru et Ḫapiru.’ In Syria, 35 (1958).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Cecchini, S. La ceramica di Nuzi (Studi Semitici, 15). Rome, 1965.Google Scholar
Černý, J. Ancient Egyptian Religion. London, 1952.Google Scholar
Černý, J.Semites in Egyptian Mining Expeditions to Sinai.’ In Arch. Or. 7 (1935).Google Scholar
Charlesworth, M. P. Trade Routes and Commerce of the Roman Empire. Ed. 2. Cambridge, 1926.Google Scholar
Chiera, E. and Speiser, E. A.A new factor in the history of the Ancient Near East.’ In Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 6 (1926).Google Scholar
Childe, V. G.The Final Bronze Age in the Near East and in Temperate Europe.’ In Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society n.s. 14 (1948).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Christophe, L.-A.Notes géographiques à propos des campagnes de Thoutmosis III.’ In Rev. d'ègyptol. 6 (1950).Google Scholar
Clay, A. T.The so-called Fertile Crescent and Desert Bay.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 44 (1924).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Clay, A. T. Documents from the Templè Archives at Nippur…dated in the reigns of Kassite Rulers (B.E. vols. 14, 15). Philadelphia, 1906.Google Scholar
Clay, A. T. Personal Names of the Cassite Period (T.O.S. 1). New Haven, 1912.Google Scholar
Contenau, G. Manuel d'archéologie orientate. 4 vols. Paris, 1927–47.Google Scholar
Contenau, G.Drogues de Canaan, d'Amurru et jardins botaniques.’ In Mil. Dussaud, vol. 1 (1939).Google Scholar
Cross, D. Movable Property in the Nuzi Documents (American Oriental Series; American Oriental Society 10). New Haven, 1937.Google Scholar
Cross, F. M. and Lambdin, Thos O.An Ugaritic Abecedary and the Origins of the Proto-Canaanite Script.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 160 (1960).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Crossland, R.Archaic Forms in the Maduwattas Text.’ In Compte-Rendu de la 1re (2e, 3e…) Rencontre assyriologique Internationale 3 (1954).Google Scholar
Crowfoot, J. W. and Grace, M. Early Ivories from Samaria: Samaria-Sebaste, vol. II. London, 1938.Google Scholar
Culican, W. The First Merchant Venturers. London, 1966.Google Scholar
Danmanville, J.Aperçus sur l'art hittite à propos de l'iconographie d'lŠTAR Šaušga.’ In Revue hittite et asianique 20, 70 (1962).Google Scholar
Danmanville, J.Un roi hittite honore Ishtar de Šamuḫa.’ In Revue hittite et asianique 14, 59 (1956).Google Scholar
Davies, N. G. The Tomb of Menkheperrasonb, Amenmose and another (Egypt Exploration Society, Theban Tombs Series, no. 5). London, 1932.Google Scholar
Davies, N. G. The Rock Tombs of El-Amarna (Egypt Exploration Society Archaeological Survey of Egypt, Memoirs 13–18). 6 vols. London, 1903–8.Google Scholar
Davies, N. G. The Tomb of Rekh-mi-Re֜ at Thebes (Publications of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Egyptian Expedition 11). New York, 1943.Google Scholar
Davies, N. G. The Tombs of Two Officials of Tuthmosis the Fourth (Egypt Exploration Society, Theban Tombs Series, no. 3). London, 1923.Google Scholar
Davies, N. G. and Gardiner, A. H. The Tomb of Huy, Viceroy of Nubia in the reign of Tut'ankhamūn (no. 40) (Egypt Exploration Society, Theban Tombs Series, no. 4). London, 1926.Google Scholar
Davies, Nina M. and Davies, N. G.The Tomb of Amenmose.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 26 (1914).Google Scholar
Mertzenfeld, C.Ivoires syriens.’ In Mélanges Syriens offerts à M. R. Dussaud, vol. II (1939).Google Scholar
Vaux, R.Le problème des Ḫapiru après quinze années.’ In J.N.ES. 27 (1968).Google Scholar
Delitzsch, F. Die Sprache der Kossäer. Leipzig, 1904.Google Scholar
Delitzsch, F. Wo lag das Parodies? Leipzig, 1881.Google Scholar
Dhorme, E.Le déchiffrement des inscriptions pseudo-hiéroglyphiques de By blos.’ In Syria, 25 (1946–8).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dietrich, M. and Loretz, O.Die soziale Struktur von Alalaḫ und Ugarit.’ In Die Welt des Orients III (1966).Google Scholar
Diringer, D. The Alphabet. Ed. 2. London, 1949.Google Scholar
Dossin, G.Une nouvelle lettre d'El-Amarna.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 31 (1934).Google Scholar
Dougherty, R. P. The Sealand of Ancient Arabia (T.O.S. Researches, vol. 19). New Haven, 1932.Google Scholar
Drioton, E. and Vandier, J. Lespeuples de l'Orient miditerranéen. II. L'Egypte. Clio: Introduction aux études historiques. Ed. 3. Paris, 1952.Google Scholar
Driver, G. R. Canaanite Myths and Legends. Edinburgh, 1956.Google Scholar
Driver, G. R. Semitic Writing: From Pictograph to Alphabet (Schweich Lectures of the British Academy, 1944). London, 1948.Google Scholar
Drower, M. S.The Inscriptions.’ In Mond, Sir Robert and Myers, O. H., Temples of Armant, vol. 1 (Egypt Exploration Society, Excavation Memoirs, 43). London 1940.Google Scholar
MesnilBuisson, Comte. ‘Les ruines d'el Mishrifé (l'ancienne Qatna):deuxième campagne de fouilles, 1927.’ In Syria, 8 (1927).Google Scholar
MesnilBuisson, Comte. ‘Qatna: ville des greniers des Hourri-Mitanniens.’ In Bulletin de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale, Le Caire, 36 (1936–7).Google Scholar
Dumézil, G. Les dieux des Indo-Européens. Paris, 1952.Google Scholar
Dumont, A.Indo-Iranian Names from Mitanni, Nuzi and Syrian Documents.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 67 (1947).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dunand, M. and Saliby, N.A la recherche de Simyra.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie 7 (1957).Google Scholar
Dunand, M., Bouni, A. and Saliby, N.Fouilles de Tell Kazel: Rapport préliminaire.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie 14 (1964).Google Scholar
Dunand, M. Fouilles de Byblos. 2 vols. Paris, 1939, 1954–8.Google Scholar
Dunand, M. Byblia Grammata: Documents et recherches sur le développement de l'écriture en Phénicie. Paris, 1945.Google Scholar
Dussaud, R. Topographie historique de la Syrie antique et médiévale. Paris, 1927.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Dussaud, R. Les Découvertes de Ras Shamra (Ugarit) et l'Ancien Testament. Ed. 2. Paris, 1941.Google Scholar
Dussaud, R. L'art phénicien du II’ millénaire. Paris, 1949.Google Scholar
Dussaud, R. Prélydiens, Hittites et Achéens. Paris, 1953.Google Scholar
Ebeling, E., Meissner, B. and Weidner, E. F. (eds.). Reallexikon der Assyriologie, IIII. Berlin and Leipzig, 1932–.Google Scholar
Ebeling, E. Bruchstücke einer mittelassyrischen Vorschriftensammlung für die Akklimatisierung und Trainierung von Wagenpferden (Deutsche Akademie d. Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung, Nr 7). Berlin, 1951.Google Scholar
Ebeling, E.Die Eigennamen der mittelassyrischen Rechts- und Geschäftsurkunden.’ In Mitteilungen der Altorientalischen Gesellschaft 13 (1939).Google Scholar
Ebeling, E., Meissner, B. and Weidner, E. F. Die Inschriften der altassyrischen Könige. Leipzig, 1926.Google Scholar
Ebert, Max (ed.) Reallexikon der Vorgeschichte. 13 vols. Berlin, 1927–8.Google Scholar
Edel, E.Die Stelen Amenophis' II aus Karnak und Memphis mit dem Bericht über die asiatischen Feldzüge des Königs.’ In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 69 (1953).Google Scholar
Edel, E. Die Ortsnamenlisten aus dem Totentempel Amenophis III (Bonner biblische Beiträlge, 25). Bonn, 1966.Google Scholar
Edgerton, W. F.Egyptian Phonetic Writing from its invention to the close of the Nineteenth Dynasty.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 60 (1940).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Edwards, I. E. S.A Relief of Qudshu-Astarte-Anath in the Winchester College Collection.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 15 (1955).Google Scholar
Edzard, D. O.Die Beziehungen Babyloniens und Ägyptens in der mittel babylonischen Zeit und das Gold.’ In Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 3 (1960).Google Scholar
Eissfeldt, O.Die Ausgrabungen in Ras Shamra.’ In Archiv für Orient forschung 14 (1941–4).Google Scholar
Eissfeldt, O. Kleine Schriften (eds. Sellheim, R. and Maass, F.). 3 vols. Tübingen, 1962–6.Google Scholar
El Wailly, F.Synopsis of Royal Sources of the Kassite Period.’ In Sumer, 10 (1954).Google Scholar
Engberg, R. M. The Hyksos Reconsidered. (Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 18.) Chicago, 1939.Google Scholar
Engelbach, R.A ‘Kirgipa’ commemorative scarab of Amenophis III presented by H.M. King Farouk I to the Cairo Museum.’ In Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 40 (1941).Google Scholar
Epstein, C.“That Wretched Enemy of Kadesh.”’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 22 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Epstein, Clare. Palestinian Bichrome Ware. Leiden, 1966.Google Scholar
Erlenmeyer, M.-L. and Erlenmeyer, H.Einige syrische Siegel mit ägäischen Bildelementen.’ In Archiv für Orient forschung 21 (1966).Google Scholar
Erman, Adolf. Die Literatur der Aegypter. Leipzig, 1923.Google Scholar
Evans, G.“Gates” and “Streets”: Urban Institutions in Old Testament Times.’ In Journal of Religious History 2 (1962).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Evans, Sir Arthur. The Palace of Minos. 5 vols. London, 1921–35.Google Scholar
Farmer, H. G.The Music of Ancient Egypt.’ In The Oxford History of Music: I. Ancient and Oriental Music, 255 ff. Ed. Wellesz, E.. London/ New York/Toronto, 1957.Google Scholar
Faulkner, R. O.The Battle of Megiddo.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 28 (1942).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faulkner, R. O.The Euphrates Campaign of Tuthmosis III.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 32 (1946).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Faulkner, R. O.A Syrian Trading Venture to Egypt.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 33 (1947).Google Scholar
Faulkner, R. O.Egyptian Seagoing Ships.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 26 (1941).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
FéVrier, H.Les origines de la marine phénicienne.’ In Revue d'histoire de la philosophie et d'histoire générale de la civilisation, n.s. fasc. 10 (1935).Google Scholar
Février, J. G.Les origines de la.marine phénicienne.’ In Rev. d'histoire de la philosophic et d'histoire gérale de la civilisation, 3 (1935).Google Scholar
Flight, J. W.The History of Writing in the Near East.’ In The Haverford Symposium on Archaeology and the Bible, III ff., 1938.Google Scholar
Forbes, R. J. Studies in Ancient Technology. 9 vols. Leiden 1955–1964.Google Scholar
Forrer, E.The Hittites in Palestine.’ In Palestine Exploration Qarterly 69 (1937).Google Scholar
Fox, Penelope. Tutankhamun's Treasure. Oxford, 1951.Google Scholar
Frankfort, H. The Art and Architecture of the Ancient Orient. Harmondsworth, 1954.Google Scholar
Frankfort, H.The Origin of the Bit–Ḫilani.’ In Iraq, 14 (1952).Google Scholar
Frankfort, H. Cylinder Seals. London, 1939.Google Scholar
Friedrich, J.Aus verschiedenen Keilschriftsprachen, 1–2, 3–4.’ In Orientalia n.s. 9 (1940), ff..Google Scholar
Friedrich, J.Zum Subaräischen und Urartäischen.’ In Analecta Orientalia 12 (1935).Google Scholar
Friedrich, J.Churritische Märchen und Sagen in hethitischer Sprache.’ In Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 49 (1949).Google Scholar
Frost, Honor. ‘Rouad, ses récifs et mouillages: prospection sous-marine.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie, 14 (1964).Google Scholar
Frost, Honor. Under the Mediterranean. London, 1963.Google Scholar
Furlani, G.La religione degli Hurriti (Subarei, Mitannici).’ In Storia delle Religioni, ed. Tacchi-Venturi, P., 1. 241 ff. Turin, 1949.Google Scholar
Gadd, C. J.Tablets from Chagar Bazar and Tall Brak, 1937–1938.’ In Iraq, 7 (1940).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gadd, C. J. History and Monuments of Ur. London, 1929.Google Scholar
Gadd, C. J. and Legrain, L. Royal Inscriptions (Ur Excavations: Texts I). London and Philadelphia, 1928.Google Scholar
Gardiner, A. H. Ancient Egyptian Onomastica. 3 vols. Oxford, 1947.Google Scholar
Gardiner, A. H.The Ancient Military Road between Egypt and Palestine.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 6 (1920).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardiner, A. H. Late Egyptian Stories. Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca, 1. Brussels, 1932.Google Scholar
Gardiner, A. H.Thutmosis III returns Thanks to Amun.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 38 (1952).Google Scholar
Gardiner, A. H.The Egyptian Origin of the Semitic Alphabet.’ In. Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 3 (1916).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gardiner, Alan H.The Astarte Papyrus.’ In Studies presented to F. LI. Griffith, 74 ff. London, 1932.Google Scholar
Gardiner, Sir Alan. ‘Once again the Proto-Sinaitic Inscriptions.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 48 1962.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Garelli, P. Les Assyriens en Cappadoce (Bibliothéque archéologique et historique de 'Institut français d'archéol. d'Istanbul, XIX). Paris, 1963.Google Scholar
Garelli, P. Le Proche-Orient Asiatique. Des origines aux invasions des Peuples de la Mer (La Nouvelle Clio, 2). Paris, 1969.Google Scholar
Gelb, I. J.The early history of the West Semitic peoples.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 15 (1961).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gelb, I. J. Hurrians and Subarians (Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago, Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization 22). Chicago, 1944.Google Scholar
Gelb, I. J.New Light on Hurrians and Subarians.’ In Studi Orientalistici in onore di Giorgio Levi della Vida, vol. 1, 378 ff. Rome, 1956.Google Scholar
Gelb, I. J., Purves, P. M. and McRae, A. A. Nuzi Personal Names (Oriental Institute Publications 57). Chicago, 1943.Google Scholar
Gelb, I. J. A Study of Writing. London, 1952.Google Scholar
Gibson, J. C. L.Observations on some important ethnic terms in the Pentateuch.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 20 (1961).Google Scholar
Gimbutas, Marija. Bronze Age Cultures in Central and Eastern Europe. The Hague, 1965.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Giveon, R.Thutmosis IV and Asia.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 28 (1969).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Glanville, S. R. K.Records of a Royal Dockyard in the time of Tuthmosis III: Papyrus British Museum 10056.’ In Z.Ä’.S. 66 (1931), ff.; 68 (1932).Google Scholar
Goetze, A.On the Chronology of the Second Millennium B.C.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies II (1957). ff.Google Scholar
Goetze, A.Cilicians.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 16 (1962).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goetze, A. Kizzuwadna and the Problem of Hittite Geography (Yale Oriental Series Researches, vol. 22). New Haven, 1941.Google Scholar
Goetze, A. Review of Gelb, I. J., Hurrians and Subarians. In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 5 (1946).
Goetze, A. Review of Smith, S., The Statue of Idri-mi. In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 4 (1950).
Goetze, A.The Kassites and Near Eastern Chronology.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 18 (1964).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goetze, A.Warfare in Asia Minor.’ In Iraq, 25 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Goetze, A. and Levy, S.Fragment of the Gilgamesh Epic from Megiddo.’ In ‘Atiqot, 2 (1959).Google Scholar
Gordon, C. H.The Dialect of the Nuzu Tablets.’ In Orientalia n.s. 7 (1938).Google Scholar
Gordon, C. H.Nuzu Tablets relating to theft.’ In Orientalia n.s. 5 (1936).Google Scholar
Gordon, C. H.Observations on the Akkadian Tablets from Ugarit.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 50 (1956).Google Scholar
Gordon, C. H.Parallèles nouziens aux lois et coutumes de I'Ancien Testament.’ In Revue biblique 44 (1925).Google Scholar
Gordon, C. H.The Glyptic Art of Nuzu.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 7 (1948).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, C. H. Ugaritic Literature. Rome 1949.Google Scholar
Gordon, Cyrus H.The Ugaritic “ABC”.’ In Orientalia n.s. 19 (1950).Google Scholar
Gordon, D. H.Swords, Rapiers and Horseriders.’ In Antiquity 27 (1953).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gordon, M. B.The hippiatric texts from Ugarit.’ In Annals of Medical History, 4 (1942).Google Scholar
Götze, A. Hethiter, Churriter und Assyrer. Oslo, 1936.Google Scholar
Grapow, H. Studien zu den Annalen Thutmosis des Dritten und zu ihnen verwandten historischen Berichten des Neuen Reiches (Abhandlungen der Preussischen (Bayerischen etc.) Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.-hist. Klasse, 1947). Berlin, 1949.Google Scholar
Gray, John.Feudalism in Ugarit and Ancient Israel.’ In Zeitschrift für alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 64 (1952).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Gurney, O. The Hittites. Ed. 2. Harmondsworth, 1964.Google Scholar
Güterbock, H. G.The Hurrian Element in the Hittite Empire.’ In Cahiers d'histoire mondiale (See , J. W. H.) 2 (1954).Google Scholar
Güterbock, H. G.The Song of Ullikummi.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 5 (1951), ff.; 6 (1952).Google Scholar
Güterbock, H. G.Die historische Tradition und ihre literarische Gestaltung bei Babyloniern u. Hethitern bis 1200.’ In Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 44 (1938).Google Scholar
Güterbock, H. G.The Deeds of Suppiluliuma as told by his son, Mursili II.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 10 (1956), ff., ff..CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Güterbock, H. G.The Hittite version of the Hurrian Kumarbi Myths: Oriental Forerunners of Hesiod.’ In American Journal of Archaeology 52 (1948).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Güterbock, H. G. Kumarbi: Mythen vom churritischen Kronos (Istanbuler Schriften, 16). Zürich and New York, 1946.Google Scholar
Hachmann, R. and Kuschke, A. BerchAt über die Ergebnisse der Ausgrabungen in Kamid-el-Loz (Libanon) in den Jahren 1963 u. 1964. Bonn, 1966.Google Scholar
Hall, H. R.Egypt and the External World in the Time of Akhenaten.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 7 (1921).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hallo, W.The Road to Emar.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 18 (1964).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hamilton, R. W.Excavations at Tell Abu Hawām.’ In Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities of Palestine. 8 (1938).Google Scholar
Hančar, Fr. Das P ferd in prähistorischer und früher historischer Zeit. Vienna, 1955.Google Scholar
Hanfmann, G. M. A.A Near Eastern Horseman.’ In Syria, 38 (1961).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Harris, J. R. Lexicographical Studies in Ancient Egyptian Minerals (Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, Institut für Orientforschung, Veröffentlichung, Nr 54). Berlin, 1961.Google Scholar
Harris, Zellig S. A Grammar of the Phoenician Language (Amer. Oriental Society, vol. 8). 1936.Google Scholar
Hassan, Selim.The Great Limestone Stela of Amenhotep II.’ In Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 37 (1937).Google Scholar
Hauschild, R. Über die frühesten Arier im Alten Orient (Berichte über die Verhandlungen der sächsischen Akademie der Wissenschaft, 106, 6). Berlin, 1962.Google Scholar
Hayes, W. C. The Scepter of Egypt: A Background for the Study of the Egyptian Antiquities in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2 vols. Cambridge, Mass. 1953. 1959.Google Scholar
Helck, W. Die Beziehungen Ägyptens zu Vorderasien im 3. und 2. Jahrtausend vor Chr. Aegyptologische Abhandlungen 5. Wiesbaden, 1962.Google Scholar
Helck, W. Der Einfluss der Militärführer in der 18. ägyptischen Dynastie (Untersuchungen zur Geschichte und Altertumskunde Ägyptens (ed. Sethe, K., later Kees, H.) 14). Leipzig, 1939.Google Scholar
Helck, W. Urkunden der 18. Dynastie: Übersetzung zu den Heften 1722. Berlin, 1961.Google Scholar
Helck, W.Die ägyptische Verwaltung in den syrischen Besitzungen.’ In Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 92 (1960).Google Scholar
Helck, W.Zur staatlichen Organisation Syriens im Beginn der 18. Dynastie.’ In Archiv für Orient forschung 22 (1968/1969).Google Scholar
Herdner, A.A-t-il existé une variété palestinienne de l'écriture cunéiforme alphabétique?’ In Syria, 25 (1946–8).Google Scholar
Heurtley, W. A.A Palestinian Vase-Painter of the Sixteenth Century B.C.’ In Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities of Palestine 8 (1938).Google Scholar
Hickmann, H.Ägypten und Vorderasien im musikalischen Austausch.’ In Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft III (1961).Google Scholar
Hickmann, H. Art.Ägyptische Musik’in Allgemeine Enzyklopädie der Musik, cols. 926. Kassel and Basel, 1949.Google Scholar
Hill, Sir George. A History of Cyprus. 4 vols. Cambridge, 1940–52.Google Scholar
Hillers, D. R.An alphabetic cuneiform inscription from Taanach.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 173 (1964). ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Horn, S. H.Scarabs from Shechem.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 21 (1962).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Hornung, Erick.Neue Materialien zur ägyptischen Chronologic’ In Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft 117 (1967).Google Scholar
Hornung, Erick. Untersuchungen zur Chronologie und Geschichte des Neuen Reichtes (Ägyptologische Abhandlung, 11). Wiesbaden, 1964.Google Scholar
Hrouda, B.Waššukanni, Urkiš, Šubat-Enlil.’ In Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 90 (1958).Google Scholar
Hrouda, Barthel. Die bemalte Keramik des zweiten Jahrtausends in Nordmesopotamien und Nordsyrien (Abteilung Istanbul d. deutschen archaeol. Instituts: Istanbuler Forschungen, 19). Berlin, 1957.Google Scholar
Hutchinson, R. W. Prehistoric Crete. Harmonds worth, 1962.Google Scholar
Imparati, F. I Hurriti. Florence, 1964.Google Scholar
Janssen, Jac. J.Eine Beuteliste von Amenophis II.’ In Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap, ‘Ex Oriente Lux’ 17 (1963).Google Scholar
Jaritz, K.Die kassitischen Sprachreste.’ In Anthropos, 52 (1957).Google Scholar
Jaritz, K.Die Kulturreste der Kassiten.’ In Anthropos, 55 (1960).Google Scholar
Jaritz, K.Quellen zur Geschichte der Kaššû-Dynastie.’ In Mitteilungen des Instituts für Orientforschung 6 (1958).Google Scholar
Jensen, L. B.Royal Purple of Tyre.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 22 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Jirku, A. Geschichte Palästina-Syriens im orientalischen Altertum. Aalen, 1963.Google Scholar
Jordan, J.Die Innin-Tempel Karaindasch's.’ In Abhandlungen der Preussischen (Bayerischen etc.) Akademie der Wissenschaften, Phil.-hist. Klasse, 1st Prelim. Report, 31 ff. Berlin, 1939.Google Scholar
K.U.B. Keilschrifturkunden aus Bogkazkö I–. Berlin, 1921–.
Kammenhuber, A. Die Arier im Vorderen Orient. Heidelberg, 1968.Google Scholar
Kammenhuber, A.Konsequenzen aus neueren Datierungen hethitischer Texte.’ In Orientalia 38 (1969).Google Scholar
Kantor, H.The Aegean and the Orient in the Second Millennium B.C’ In American Journal of Archaeology 51 (1947).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kantor, H. J.Syro-Palestinian Ivories.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 15 (1956).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kees, H. Ancient Egypt: A Cultural Topography. London, 1961.Google Scholar
Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi, I–. Leipzig and Berlin, 1916–.
Kenyon, K. M. Archaeology in the Holy Land. London, 1961.Google Scholar
Kinal, F.Zur Geschichte der Zähmung des Pferdes im alten Vorderasien.’ In Belleten, 17 (no. 66, 1953).Google Scholar
King, L. W. Babylonian Boundary Stones and Memorial Tablets in the British Museum. London, 1912.Google Scholar
King, L. W. Chronicles concerning Early Babylonian Kings. 2 vols. London, 1907.Google Scholar
King, L. W. A History of Babylon. London, 1915.Google Scholar
Kitchen, K.Theban Topographical Lists, Old and New.’ In Orientalia n.s. 34 (1965). ff.Google Scholar
Kitchen, K. A.Aegean Place-names in a List of Amenophis III.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 181 (1966), f.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Kitchen, K. A. Suppiluliuma and the Amarna Pharaohs. A Study in Relative Chronology (Liverpool monographs in Archaeology and Oriental Studies’). Liverpool, 1962.Google Scholar
Kitchen, K. A.Interrelations of Egypt and Syria.’ In La Stria nel Tarda Bronzo, ed. Liverani, M. (Orientis Antiqui Collectio IX) (Rome, 1969).Google Scholar
Klebs, Luise. Reliefs und Malereien des neuen Reiches, I: Szenen aus dem Leben des Volkes (Abh. Heidelberg, 9). Heidelberg, 1934.Google Scholar
Klengel, Horst. Geschichte Syriens im 2. J ahrtausend v u.Z., vols. 1,2. Deutsche Akad. d. Wissenschaften zu Berlin; Inst, für Orientforschung, Veröffent lichungen 40. Berlin, 1965>–9.Google Scholar
Klima, Josef.Die Stellung der ugaritischen Frau.’ In Arch. Orient. 25 (1957).Google Scholar
Klima, Josef.Unter such ungen zum ugaritischen Erbrecht.’ In Arch. Orient. 24 (1956).Google Scholar
Knudtzon, J. A. Die el-Amarna Tafeln. (Vorderasiatische Bibliothek 2.) Leipzig, 1915.Google Scholar
Knudtzon, J. A.Weitere Studien zu den El-Amarna Tafeln.’ In B.A. 4 (1899).Google Scholar
Knudtzon, J. A. Die zwei Arzawa-briefe: die ältesten Urkunden in Indogermanischer Sprache. Leipzig, 1902.Google Scholar
Korošec, V. Hethitische Staatsvertràge (Leipziger Rechts wissens chaf tliche Studien, Heft 60). Leipzig, 1931.Google Scholar
Korošec, V.Les Hittites et leurs vassaux syriens à la lumière des nouveaux textes d'Ugarit’ (P.R.U. IV). In Revue hittite et asianique 66 (1960).Google Scholar
Koroseč, V.Keilschriftrecht.’ In Hand buch der Orientalistik, ed. Spuler, B., I, Ergänzungsband III Orientalisches Recht. 49 ff. Leiden, 1964.Google Scholar
Koschaker, P.Drei Rechtsurkunden aus Arrapḫa.’ In Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 48 (1944).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Koschaker, P.Neue keilschriftliche Recht surkunden aus der el-Amarna Zeit.’ Abh. Leipzig 39, no. 5. Leipzig, 1928.Google Scholar
Kraus, F. R. Wandel und Kontinuität in der sumerisch-babylonischen Kultur. Leiden, 1954.Google Scholar
Kühne, Cord.Zum Status der Syro-Palästinischen Vassalen des Neuen Reiches’. In Andrews University Seminary Studies 1 (Mich., U.S.A., 1963).Google Scholar
Kupper, J.-R. Les nomades en Mésopotamie aux temps des rois de Mari. Paris, 1957.Google Scholar
Kuschke, A.Beiträge zur Siedlungsgeschichte der Bika.’ In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 70 (1954), ff.; 74 (1958).Google Scholar
Laessøe, J.The Shemshara Tablets.’ Arkæol. Kunsthist. Medd. Dan. Vid. Selsk. 4, no. 3 (1959).Google Scholar
Laessøe, J. and Knudsen, E. E.An Old Babylonian Letter from a Hurrian environment.’ In Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 55 (1962).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Lambdin, T. O.The Miši people of the Byblian Amarna Letters.’ InJournal of Cuneiform Studies 7 (1953) ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landsberger, B.Assyrische Königsliste und “dunkles Zeitalter”.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 8 (1954), ff., ff..CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Landsberger, B. Sam'al: Studien zur Entdeckung der Ruinenstaette Karatepe (Turkish Historical Soc. Publ. V11 ser., no. 16). Ankara, 1948.Google Scholar
Landsberger, B. and Tadmor, H.Fragments of Clay Liver Models from Hazor.’ In Israel Exploration Journal 14 (1965).Google Scholar
Laroche, E.Elements de Haruspicine Hittite.’ In Revue hittite et asianique 12 (1952).Google Scholar
Laroche, E.Recherches sur les noms des dieux hittites.’ In Revue hittite et asianique 7, 46 (1946–7).Google Scholar
Laroche, E.Teššub, Ḫebat et leur cour.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 2 (1948).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Laroche, E. Les noms des Hittites (Études linguistiques 4). Paris, 1966.Google Scholar
Leclant, J.Astarté à cheval d'après les représentations égyptiennes.’ In Syria, 37 (1960)’ ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Leclant, J.Découverte de monuments égyptiens ou égyptisants hors de la vallée du Nil, 1955–1960.’ In Orientalia n.s. 30 (1961).Google Scholar
Leemans, W. F. Foreign Trade in the Old Babylionian Period (Studi et documenta ad iura orientalia antiqui pertinentia, 6). Leiden, 1960.Google Scholar
Lehmann-Hardeben, K.Die antiken Hafenanlagen des Mittelmeeres.’ In Klio, 14 (1923).Google Scholar
Lesný, V.The language of the Mitanni chieftains: a third branch of the Aryan group.’ In Arch. Orient. 4 (1932).Google Scholar
Levy, S. J., Baqir, T. and Kramer, S. N.Fragments of a diorite statue of Kurigalzu in the Iraq Museum.’ In Sumer, 4 (1948).Google Scholar
Lewy, H.Miscellanea Nuziana 1. An Assyro-Nuzian synchronism.’ In Orientalia n.s. 28 (1959).Google Scholar
Lewy, H.On some problems of Kassite and Assyrian Chronology.’ In Mélanges Isidore Levy (Annuaire de l'Institut de Philologie et d'Histoire orientales et slaves, 13 (1955)).Google Scholar
Lewy, H.The Nuzian feudal system.’ In Orientalia n (1942), ff., ff..Google Scholar
Lewy, J.Studies in the Historic Geography of the Ancient Near East.’ In Orientalia n.s. 21 (1952), ff..Google Scholar
Liverani, M. La Storia di Ugarit nell'età degli archivi politici (Studi Semitici, 6). Rome, 1962.Google Scholar
Lorimer, H. L. Homer and the Monuments. Oxford, 1950.Google Scholar
Loud, G. The Megiddo Ivories (Oriental Institute Publications 52). Chicago, 1939.Google Scholar
Loud, Gordon. Megiddo II: Seasons of 1935–39 (Oriental Institute Publications 62). Chicago, 1948.Google Scholar
Lucas, A. Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries. Ed. 4, revised by Harris, J. R.. London, 1962.Google Scholar
Luckenbill, D. D. Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia. 2 vols. Chicago, 1926.Google Scholar
Maag, V.Syrien-Palästina.’ In Kultur geschichte des Alten Orients, ed. Schmökel, H., 448 ff. Stuttgart, 1961.Google Scholar
Maisler, B.Canaan and the Canaanites.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 102 (1946).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Maisler, B.Die westliche Linie des Meerweges.’ In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 58 (1935).Google Scholar
Malamat, A.Campaigns of Amenhotep II and Thutmose IV to Canaan.’ In Studies in the Bible, Scripta Hierosolymita, VIII (Jerusalem, 1961).Google Scholar
Malamat, A.Syrien-Palästina in der zweiten Hälfte des 2. Jahrtausends.’ In Fischer Weltgeschichte: Die altorientalischen Reiche, II, ed. Cassin, E., Bottéro, J. and Vercoutter, J. (Frankfurt, 1966).Google Scholar
Mallon, A.L'origine égyptienne de l'alphabet phénicien.’ In B.I.F.A.O. 30 (1931).Google Scholar
Mallowan, M. E. L.The Excavations at Tall Chagar Bazar and an Archaeological Survey of the Habur region: Second Campaign, 1936.’ In Iraq, 4 (1937).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mallowan, M. E. L.White-painted Subartu Pottery.’ In Mil. Dussaud, vol. 2 (1939).Google Scholar
Matouš, L.Einige Bemerkungen zum Beduinenproblem im alten Mesopotamien.’ In Arch. Orient. 26 (1958).Google Scholar
Matthiae, P. Ars Syra. Centro di Studi Semitici, Rome, serie archeologica, 4. Rome, 1962.Google Scholar
Mayrhofer, M. Die Indo-Arier im alien Vorderasien. Wiesbaden, 1966.Google Scholar
Mazar, B.The Middle Bronze Age in Palestine.’ In Israel Exploration Journal 18 (1968).Google Scholar
McEwan, C. W. (et al.). Soundings at Tell Fakhariyah. Oriental Institute Publications 79. Chicago, 1958.Google Scholar
Meissner, B. Babylonien und Assyrien. 2 vols. Heidelberg, 1920, 1925.Google Scholar
Meissner, B. and Soden, W. Akkadisches Handwörterbuch. Wiesbaden, 1959–.Google Scholar
Mellink, Machteld.A Hittite Figurine from Nuzi.’ In Vorderasiatische Archäologie: Studien u. Aufsätze (Festschrift A. Moortgat), ed. Bittel, K., Heinrich, W., Hrouda, B. and Nagel, W.. Berlin, 1965.Google Scholar
Mendelsohn, I.New Light on the Ḫupšu.’ In Bull, A.S.O.R. 139 (1955).Google Scholar
Mendelsohn, I.On Corvée Labor in Ancient Canaan and Israel.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 167 (1962).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendelsohn, I.Samuel's Denunciation of Kingship in the Light of the Akkadian Documents from Ugarit.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 143 (1956).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Mendelsohn, I. Slavery in the Ancient Near East. New York, 1949.Google Scholar
Mercer, S. A. B. The Tell-el-Amarna Tablets. 2 vols. Toronto, 1939.Google Scholar
Merrillees, R.Opium Trade in the Bronze Age Levant.’ In Antiq. 36 (1962).Google Scholar
Merrillees, R. S. The Cypriote Bronze Age Pottery found in Egypt (Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology, ed. Åström, P., 18). Lund, 1968.Google Scholar
Messerschmidt, L. and Schroeder, O. Keilschrifttexte aus Assur historischen Inhalts. 2 vols. Leipzig, 1911 and 1922.Google Scholar
Meyer, E. Geschichte des Altertums II, I: Die Zeit der ägyptischen Grossmacht. Ed. 2. Stuttgart and Berlin, 1928.Google Scholar
Meyer, G. R.Noch einige Mitanni-Namen aus Drehem und Djoḫa.’ In Arch.f. Orientalia 13 (1939–41).Google Scholar
Mironov, N. D.Aryan Vestiges in the Near East.’ In Acta Orientalia II (1933).Google Scholar
Montet, P. Byblos et I'Egypte: Quatre campagnes de fouilles à Gebeil, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1924. 2 vols. Paris, 1928.Google Scholar
Montet, P. Les relijues de l'art syrien dans I'Egypt du Nouvel Empire. Strasbourg, 1937.Google Scholar
Moortgat, A. Die bildende Kunst des alten Orients und die Bergvolker. Berlin, 1932.Google Scholar
Moortgat, A.Nur hethitische oder auch churrische Kunst?’ In Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 48 (1949).Google Scholar
Moortgat, A. Vorderasiatische Rollsiegel. Berlin, 1940.Google Scholar
Moscati, S. The Face of the Ancient Orient. London, 1960.Google Scholar
Moscati, S. Historical Art in the Ancient Near East (Studi Semitici, 8). Rome, 1963.Google Scholar
Moscati, S. (ed.). Lè antiche divinità semitiche (Studi Semitici, 1). Rome, 1958.Google Scholar
Muhammad, M. Abdul Kader. ‘The administration of Syro-Palestine during the New Kingdom.’ In Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 56 (1959).Google Scholar
Müller, W. Max. Asien und Europa,nach altägyptischen Denkmäler. Leipzig, 1893.Google Scholar
Müller, W. Max.Das Land Alašia.’ In Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und vorderasiatische Archäologie 10 (1895).Google Scholar
Munn-Rankin, J. M.Diplomacy in Western Asia in the Early Second Millennium B.C.’ In Iraq, 18 (1956).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Muntingh, L. M.The Social and Legal Status of a Free Ugaritic Female.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 26 (1967).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Naville, E. The Temple of Deir el Bahari. 7 vols. Egypt Exploration Fund London, 1894–1908.Google Scholar
Nelson, H. H. The Battle of Megiddo. Chicago, 1913.Google Scholar
Noth, M.Der Aufbau der Palästinaliste Thutmosis’ III.' In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 61 (1938).Google Scholar
Noth, M.Die Annalen Thutmosis III als Geschichtsquelle.’ In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 66 (1943). ff.Google Scholar
Nougayrol, J.Guerre et Paix à Ugarit.’ In Iraq, 25 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Nougayrol, J.Nouveaux textes accadiens de Ras-Shamra.’ In Comptes-Rendus de l'Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Let 163 ff., 1960.Google Scholar
Nougayrol, J. Cylindres-sceaux et empreintes de cylindres trouvis en Palestine (au cours des fouilies régulières). Paris, 1939.Google Scholar
Nougayrol, J., Laroche, E., Virolleaud, C. and Schaeffer, C. F. A. Ugaritica, V. (Mission de Ras Shamra, 16). Paris, 1968.Google Scholar
Oberhummer, E. Art.Kypros’ in P.W. 23.
O'Callaghan, R. T. Aram Naharaim: A Contribution to the History of Upper Mesopotamia in the Second Millennium B.C. (Analecta Orientalia 26). Rome, 1948.Google Scholar
O'Callaghan, R. T.New light on the maryannu as “chariot-warriors”.’ In Jahrb.f. kleinasiatische Forschung, 1 (1950), f.Google Scholar
Oppenheim, A. L.Ein Beitrag zum Kassitenproblem.’ In Miscellanea Orientalia dedicata Antonio Deimel (Analecta Orientalia 12, 266 ff.). Rome, 1935.Google Scholar
Oppenheim, A. L.Etude sur la topographie de Nuzi.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 35 (1938).Google Scholar
Oppenheim, A. L.Essay on Overland Trade in the First Millennium B.C.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 21 (1969).Google Scholar
Otten, H.Ein althethitischer Vertrag mit Kizzuvatna.’ In Journal of Cuneiform Studies 5 (1951).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Otten, H.Neue Quellen zum Ausklang des Hethitischen Reiches.’ In Mitteilungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft 94 (1963).Google Scholar
Otten, H. Die hethitischen Qunellen und die altorientalische Chronologie (In Akad. d. Wiss. und Literatur zu Mainz: Abh. der Geistes u. Sozialwiss. Kl. 1968, nr. 3). Weisbaden, 1968.Google Scholar
P.R. U. Le Palais Royal d'Ugarit, II–V (Mission de Ras Shamra, VII, VI, IX, XI). Ed. Schaeffer, C. F. A.. Paris, 1957–65.Google Scholar
Pallis, S. A. The Antiquity of Iraq. A Handbook of Assyriology. Copenhagen, 1956.Google Scholar
Parker, B.Cylinder Seals from Palestine.’ In Iraq, II (1949).Google Scholar
Parr, P. J.The Origin of the Rampart Fortifications of Middle Bronze Age Palestine and Syria.’ In Zeitschrift des Deutschen Palästina-Vereins 84 (1968).Google Scholar
Parrot, J. and Nougayrol, J.Un document de fondation hurrite.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 42 (1948).Google Scholar
Peet, T. E. and Woolley, C. L. and others. The City of Akhenaten, I–III (Egypt Exploration Society, Excavation Memoirs 38, 40 and 44). London, 1923, 1933, 1951.Google Scholar
Petrie, W. M. F. Ancient Gaza (Tell el-Ajjul) (Publ. of the Eg. Research Acct. and School of Archaeology in Egypt). 4 parts. London, 1931–4.Google Scholar
Petrie, W. M. F. Tell el Amarna. London, 1894.Google Scholar
Pézard, M. Qadesh: Mission archéologique à Tell Nebi Mend, 1921–1922 (Bibliothèque archéologique et historique, 15). Paris, 1931.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, R. H. and Speiser, E. A. One Hundred New Selected Nuzi Texts (Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 16). New Haven, 1936.Google Scholar
Pfeiffer, R. The Archives of Shil wateshub, Son of the King. Harvard Semitic Studies, IX (Excavations at Nuzi, II). Cambridge, Mass. 1932.Google Scholar
Piggott, Stuart. Prehistoric India, to 1000 B.C. Harmonds worth, 1950.Google Scholar
Platon, N. and Stassinopoulou-Touloupa, E.Oriental Seals from the Palace of Cadmus: unique discoveries in Boeotian Thebes.’ In Illustrated London News, 28 Nov. 1964.Google Scholar
Poebel, A.The Assyrian King List from Khorsabad.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 1 (1942) ff., ff.; 2 (1943).Google Scholar
Pohl, A. Art.Ḫurriti’ in Enciclopedia Cattolica, vol. 6, col. 1511 f. Vatican, 1951.Google Scholar
Poidebard, A. Un grand port disparu: Recherches aériennes et sous-marines, 1934–1936. Paris, 1939.Google Scholar
Porada, E. Seal Impressions of Nuzi. Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 24 (1944–45). New Haven, 1945.
Porada, E.Cylinder Seals from Thebes.’ In American Journal of Archaeology 69 (1965).Google Scholar
Porter, B. and Moss, R. L. B. A Topographical Bibliography of ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts. 7 vols. Oxford, 1927–51.Google Scholar
Pritchard, J. B. The Ancient Near East in Pictures. Princeton, 1954.Google Scholar
Pritchard, J. B. (ed.). Ancient Near-Eastern Texts relating to the Old Testament. Ed. 2. Princeton, 1955.Google Scholar
Pritchard, J. B. The Bronze Age Cemetery at Gibeoni (University of Pennsylvania, Museum Monographs). Philadelphia, 1963.Google Scholar
Pritchard, J. B.Syrians as pictured in the paintings of the Theban Tombs.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 122 (1951).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Purves, P. M.A commentary on Nuzi real property in the light of recent studies.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 4 (1945).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quiring, H.Die Abkunft des Tutankhamon.’ In Klio, 38 (1960).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Quiring, H.Vorphönizischer Königspurpur und uqnû-Stein.’ In Forschungen und Fortschritte 2123 (1945–7).Google Scholar
Radau, H. Letters to Cassite Kings. (B.E. vol. 17, part 1.) Philadelphia, 1908.Google Scholar
Rainey, A. F.Family Relationships in Ugarit.’ In Orientalia n.s. 34 (1965).Google Scholar
Rainey, A. F.Foreign Business Agents in Ugarit.’ In Israel Exploration Journal 4 (1963).Google Scholar
Ranke, H.Istar als Heilgöttin in Ägypten.’ In Studies presented to F. LI. Griffith, 412 ff. London, 1932.Google Scholar
Rausing, G. The Bow. Some Notes on its Origin and Development (Acta Archaeo-logia Lundensia no. 6). Bonn and Lund, 1967.Google Scholar
Redford, D. B. History and Chronology of the Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt: Seven Studies. Toronto, 1967.Google Scholar
Reisner, G. A. and Reisner, M. B.Inscribed Monuments from Gebel Barkal II: The Granite Stela of Thutmosis III.’ In Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 69 (1933).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Revere, R. B.“No Man's Coast”: Ports of Trade in the Eastern Mediterranean.’ In Trade and Market in the Early Empires, ed. Polanyi, K., Arensberg, C. M. and Pearson, Harry W.. Glencoe, Ill., 1957.Google Scholar
Riedel, W.Das Archiv Amenophis' IV.’ In Orientalistische Literaturzeitung 42 (1934).Google Scholar
Riedel, W. Unter such ungen zu den Amarna-Briefen. Tubingen, 1920.Google Scholar
Riefstahl, E. Patterned Textiles in Pharaonic Egypt. Brooklyn Museum, 1944.Google Scholar
Ross, A. D. C.A Note on Kassite Phonology.’ In Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies 8 (1935–7).Google Scholar
Rost, L.Die ausserhalb von Bogazköy gefundene hethitische Briefe.’ In Mitteilungen des Instituts für Orientforschung 4 (1956), ff..Google Scholar
Rowe, A. A Catalogue of Scarabs in the Palestine Archaeological Museum. Cairo, 1936.Google Scholar
Rowe, A. The History and Topography of Beth-Shan. Philadelphia, 1930.Google Scholar
Safadi, Hisham.Zur Identifizierung des Elfenbeinkopfes aus Ras-Shamra.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie 13 (1963).Google Scholar
Salonen, A. Hippologia Accadica. Suomalaisen Tiede akatemian Toimituksia, Sarja–Ser. B nide–Tom. 100. Helsinki, 1956.Google Scholar
Salonen, A. Die Land fahrzeuge des alten Mesopotamien nach sumerischakkadischen Quellen. Suomalaisen Tiede akatemian Toimituksia, Sarja–Ser. B nide–Tom. 72, 3. Helsinki, 1951.Google Scholar
Sasson, J.Canaanite Maritime Involvement in the Second Millennium B.C.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 86 (1966).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sasson, J. M.A Sketch of North Syrian Economic Relations in the Middle Bronze Age.’ In Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 9 (1966).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Säve-Söderbergh, T. The Navy of the Eighteenth Egyptian Dynasty. Uppsala Universitets Årsskrift 1946, 6. Uppsala and Leipzig, 1946.Google Scholar
Säve-Söderbergh, T. Ägypten und Nubien: Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte alt–-ägyptischer Aussenpolitik. Lund, 1941.Google Scholar
Sayce, A. H.The Discovery of the Tell el Amarna Tablets.’ In American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures 33 (1917) f.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schachermeyr, F.Zum ältesten Namen von Kypros.’ In Klio, 17 (1921).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schachermeyr, F.Streitwagen und Streit wagen bild im alten Orient und bei den my kenischen Griechen.’ In Anthropos, 46 (1951).Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A. Stratigraphie comparée et chronologie de l'Asie occidentale. London, 1948.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A. Ugaritica. 4 vols. Paris, 1939–62.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A. Enkomi-Alasia: nouvelles missions en Chypre. Paris, 1952.Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A.Les fouilles de Ras Shamra-Ugarit: huitième campagne.’ In Syria, 18 (1937).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A.Les fouilles de Ras Shamra-Ugarit: neuvieme campagne (printemps 1937). Rapport sommaire.’ In Syria, 19 (1938).Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A.Les fouilles de Ras Shamra-Ugarit: dixieme et onzième campagnes (automne et hiver 1938–1939).’ In Syria, 20 (1939).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A.Neue Entdeckungen in Ugarit.’ In Archiv für Orient forschung 20 (1963).Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A.La pourpre à Ugarit.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie, I (1950).Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A.Résumé des résultats de la XIXe campagne de fouilles à Ras Shamra-Ugarit, 1955.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie 7 (1957).Google Scholar
Schaeffer, C. F. A.Les fouilles de Ras Shamra–Ugarit. Quinzième, seizi`me, etdix-septièmecampagnes(1951, 1952, et 1953).’ In Syria, 31 (1954).Google Scholar
Scharff, A. and Moortgat, A. Aegypten und Vorderasien im Altertum. Munich, 1950.Google Scholar
Scheil, V.Documents et Arguments.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 26 (1929).Google Scholar
Schmidtke, F. Der Aufbau der babylonischen Chronologie. Orbis Antiquus, Heft 7. Münster, 1952.Google Scholar
Schmökel, H. Keilschriftforschung und Alte Geschichte Vorderasiens: Handbuch der Orientalistik, ed. Spuler, B., Bde. 2, 3. Abschnitt. Leiden, 1957.Google Scholar
Schmökel, H. Die ersten Arier im Alten Orient. Leipzig, 1938.Google Scholar
Schmökel, H.Die theophoren Personennamen Babyloniens und Assyriens.’ In Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap, ‘Ex Oriente Lux’ 19 (1967).Google Scholar
Schulman, A. Military Rank, Title and Organisation in the Egyptian New Kingdom (Münchener aegyptologische Studien, 6). Munich, 1966.Google Scholar
Schulman, A.Egyptian Representations of Horsemen and Riding in the New Kingdom.’ In Journal of Near Eastern Studies 16 (1957).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Scott, R. B. Y.The scale-weights from Ophel.’ In Palestine Exploration Qarterly 1965.Google Scholar
Sethe, K. and Helck, W. Urkunden der 18. Dynastie (Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums IV), 22 Hefte. Leipzig and Berlin, 1906–.Google Scholar
Seyrig, H.Acquisitions et inédits du Louvre: Antiquités syriennes 86: quelques cylindres syriens.’ In Syria, 40 (1960).Google Scholar
Seyrig, H.Cylindre représentant une tauromachie.’ In Syria, 33 (1956).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Simons, J. The Geographical and Topographical Texts of the Old Testament. Leiden, 1959.Google Scholar
Simons, J. Handbook for the Study of Egyptian Topographical Lists. Leiden, 1937.Google Scholar
Simpson, W. K.Reshep in Egypt.’ In Orientalia n.s. 29 (1960).Google Scholar
Singer, C., Holmyard, E. J. and Hall, A. R. A History of Technology, vol. 1. Oxford, 1955.Google Scholar
Skaist, A.The Authority of the Brother at Arrapḫa and Nuzi.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 89 (1969).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, S.The chronology of the Kassite dynasty.’ In Compte-Rendu de la 1re (2e, 3e…) Rencontre assyriologique Internationale 2 (1951).Google Scholar
Smith, Sidney and Gadd, C. J.A Cuneiform Vocabulary of Egyptian Words.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology II (1925).Google Scholar
Smith, Sidney. Alalakh and Chronology. London, 1940.Google Scholar
Smith, Sidney. Early History of Assyria to 1000 b.c. London, 1928.Google Scholar
Smith, Sidney.The “Hurrian” Language.’ In Antiquity 16 (1942).Google Scholar
Smith, Sidney.A Preliminary Account of the Tablets from Atchana.’ In Antiquaries Journal 19 (1939).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, Sidney. The Statue of Idri-mi. London, 1949.Google Scholar
Smith, Sidney. ‘The Ship Tyre.’ In Palestine Exploration Qarterly, 1953.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Smith, W. Stevenson. Interconnections in the Ancient Near East. New Haven and London, 1965.Google Scholar
Speiser, E. A.Ethnic Movements in the Near East in the 2nd millennium B.C: The Hurrians and their connections with the Ḫabiru and the Hyksos.’ In Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 13 (1933).Google Scholar
Speiser, E. A. Excavations at Tepe Gawra, vol. 1. Philadelphia, 1935.Google Scholar
Speiser, E. A.The Hurrian Participation in the Civilizations of Mesopotamia, Syria and Palestine.’ In Cahiers d'histoire mondiale (See , J. W. H.) 1, 2 (1953).Google Scholar
Speiser, E. A. An Introduction to Hurrian (Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 20). New Haven, 1941.Google Scholar
Speiser, E. A.A letter of Shaushatar and the date of the Kirkuk tablets.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 49 (1929).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Speiser, E. A.New Kirkuk Tablets relating to Family Laws.’ In Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research 10 (1928–9).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Spekke, A. The Ancient Amber Routes and the Geographical Discovery of the Eastern Baltic. Stockholm, 1957.Google Scholar
Spiegelberg, W.Grabstein eines syrischen Söldners aus Tell Amarna.’ In Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertumskunde 36 (1898).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Sprengling, M. The Alphabet: its Rise and Development from the Sinai Inscriptions (Oriental Institute Communications 12). Chicago, 1931.Google Scholar
Stadelmann, R. Syrisch-palestinensische Gottheiten in Aegypten (Probleme der Ägyptologie, 5). Leiden, 1967.Google Scholar
Starr, R. F. S. Nuzi. Report on the Excavations at Yorghan Tepa near Kirkuk. 2 vols, (text and plates). Cambridge, Mass. 1937–39.Google Scholar
Steele, F. R. Nuzi Real Estate Transactions (American Oriental Series; American Oriental Society 25). Philadelphia, 1943.Google Scholar
Steindorff, G. and Seele, K. C. When Egypt Ruled the East. Ed. 3. Chicago, 1963.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Steinmetzer, Fr. X. Die babylonische kudurru (Grenzsteine) als Urkundenform. Paderborn, 1922.Google Scholar
Steinmetzer, Fr. X. Über die Grundbesitz in Babylonien zur Kassitenzeit. Der Alte Orient no. 19, 1/2. Leipzig, 1919.Google Scholar
Stubbings, F. Mycenaean Pottery from the Levant. Cambridge, 1951.Google Scholar
Sukenik, Y.The composite bow of the Canaanite goddess Anath.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 107 (1947). ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago The Assyrian Dictionary. Chicago, 1956–.
Thieme, P.The “Aryan” gods of the Mitanni treaties.’ In Journal of the American Oriental Society 80 (1960).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thureau-Dangin, F.Tablettes hourrites provenant de Mari.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 36 (1939).Google Scholar
Thureau-Dangin, F.Trois contrats de Ras-Shamra.’ In Syria, 18 (1937).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thureau-Dangin, F.Un comptoir de laine-pourpre à Ugarit.’ In Syria, 15 (1934). ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Thureau-Dangin, F.Vocabulaires de Ras Shamra.’ In Syria 12 (1931).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tocci, F. M. La Siria nell'età di Mari (Studi Semitici, 3). Rome, 1960.Google Scholar
Toombs, L. E. and Wright, G. E.The Fourth Campaign at Balâtah (Shechem).’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 169 (1963).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Tufnell, O. Lachish IV: The Bronze Age. London, 1958.Google Scholar
Ullmann, B.The Origin and Development of the Alphabet.’ In American Journal of Archaeology 31 (1927).Google Scholar
Unger, M. F. Israel and the Aramaeans of Damascus. London, 1957.Google Scholar
Ungnad, A. Subartu: Beiträge zur Kulturgeschichte und Völkerkunde Vorderasiens. Berlin, Leipzig, 1936.Google Scholar
Ungnad, A.Schenkungsurkunde des Kurigalzu mâr Kadašman-Ḫarbe.’ In Arch.f. Keil. 1 (1923).Google Scholar
Ungnad, A.Das hurritische Fragment des Gilgamesch-Epos.’ In 2..A. 35 (1924).Google Scholar
Buren, E. D.The Cylinder Seals from Brak.’ In Iraq, II (1949).Google Scholar
Buren, E. D.The esoteric significance of Kassite glyptic art.’ In Orientalia n.s. 24 (1955).Google Scholar
Meer, P.The Chronological Determination of the Mesopotamian Letters in the El-Amarna Archives.’ In Jaarbericht van het Vooraziatisch-Egyptisch Genootschap, ‘Ex Oriente Lux’ 15 (1957–8).Google Scholar
Liere, W. J.Capitals and citadels of Bronze and Iron Age Syria in their relationship to Land and Water.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie, 13 (1963).Google Scholar
Liere, W. J.Urkiš, centre religieux hurrite retrouvé dans la haute Jézireh syrienne.’ In Annales Archéologiques de Syrie 7 (1957).Google Scholar
Selms, A. Marriage and Family Life in Ugaritic Literature. London, 1954.Google Scholar
Seters, J. The Hyksos. A New Investigation.
Vandier, J. La religion égyptienne (‘Mana’: Introduction à l'histoire des religions: I. Les anciennes religions orientates, 1). Ed. 2. Paris, 1949.Google Scholar
Varille, A.Nouvelles Listes géographiques d'Amenophis III à Karnak.’ In Annales du Service des Antiquités de l'Égypte 36 (1936).Google Scholar
Vercoutter, J. L'Égypte et le monde égéen préhellénique (Inst.français d'archéol. Orient: Bibliothèque d'étude, 22). Cairo, 1956.Google Scholar
Vieyra, M.Ištar de Ninive.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 51 (1957), ff..Google Scholar
Vikentiev, V.La traversée del'Oronte.’ In Bulletin de l'Institut d'Égypte 30 (1949).Google Scholar
Virolleaud, C.Les Inscriptions cunéiformes de Ras Shamra.’ In Syria, 10 (1929).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virolleaud, C.Lettres et documents administratifs de Ras Shamra V: Les fouilles et la ville d'Alašia.’ In Syria, 21 (1940).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virolleaud, Ch.Les tablettes cunéiformes de Mishrifé-Katna.’ In Syria, 9 (1928).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virolleaud, Ch.Cinq tablettes accadiennes de Ras-Shamra.’ In Revue d'assyriologie et d'archéologie orientale 38 (1941).Google Scholar
Virolleaud, Ch.Fragments d'un traité phénicien de théiapeutique hippologique.’ In Syria, 15 (1934).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Virolleaud, Ch.Les villes et les corporations du royaume d'Ugarit.’ In Syria, 21 (1940).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Osten, H. H. Svenska Syrenexpedition 1952–53: I. Die Grabung von Tell es-Salihiyeh. Lund, 1956.Google Scholar
Oppenheim, MaxFreiherr. Tell Halaf: 3. Die Bildwerke. Ed. Moortgat, A.. Berlin, 1955.Google Scholar
Soden, W.Zu den Amarnabriefen aus Babylon und Assur.’ In Orientalia n.s. 21 (1952).Google Scholar
Soden, W.Zweisprachigkeit in der geistigen Kultur Babyloniens.’ In Sitzungsberichte d. deutschen Akad. d. Wiss.,phil.-hist. Kl., 235 Bd., 1 Abh. (Vienna, 1960).Google Scholar
Wainwright, G.Alashia= Alasa; and Asy.’ In Klio, 14 (1915).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wainwright, G. A.Asiatic Keftiu.’ In American Journal of Archaeology 56 (1952).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ward, W. A. (ed.). The Role of the Phoenicians in the Interaction of Mediterranean Civilisations. Beirut, 1968.Google Scholar
Waschow, H.Babylonische Briefe aus der Kassitenzeit.’ In Mitteilungen der Altorientalischen Gesellschaft 10, Heft 1. Leipzig, 1936.Google Scholar
Weidner, E. F. Politische Dokumente aus Kleinasien. Leipzig, 1923.Google Scholar
Weidner, E. F.Die grosse Königsliste aus Assur.’ In Archiv für Orient forschung 3 (1926).Google Scholar
Weissbach, F. H. Babylonische Miscellen (Wissenschaftliche Veröffentlichungen der Deutschen Orient-Gesell-schaft 4). Leipzig, 1903.Google Scholar
Weissbach, F. H. Art. Koσσaîoi. In P.W. Bd. 11, col. ff.
Welker, Marian.The painted pottery of the Near East in the second millennium b.c. and its chronological background.’ In Transactions of the American Philosophical Society 1948.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Welker, Marian.Chronique de fouilles en Grèce en 1955.’ In B.C.H. 80 (1956).Google Scholar
Wilson, J. A. The Culture of Ancient Egypt. Chicago, 1956.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Winlock, H. E. The Rise and Fall of the Middle Kingdom at Thebes. New York, 1947.Google Scholar
Winlock, H. E. The Treasure of Three Egyptian Princesses (Publ. Metropolitan Museum of Art, Department of Egyptian Art, 20). New York, 1948.Google Scholar
Wiseman, D. J. The Alalakh Tablets. London, 1953.Google Scholar
Woolley, C. L. Alalakh: an Account of the Excavations at Tell Atchana. Oxford, 1955.Google Scholar
Woolley, C. L. A Forgotten Kingdom. Harmondsworth, 1953.Google Scholar
Woolley, C. L.The Egyptian Temple at Byblos.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 7 (1921).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Woolley, C. L. (et al.). Carchemish: Report on the excavations on behalf of the British Museum. 3 vols. London, 1921–52.Google Scholar
Woolley, Sir Leonard. The Kassite Period and the Period of the Assyrian Kings (Ur Excavations 8). London and Philadelphia, 1965.Google Scholar
Wreszinski, W. Atlas zur altägyptischen Kulturgeschichte. 3 vols. Leipzig, 1923–40.Google Scholar
Wright, G. E.The Archaeology of Palestine.’ In The Bible and the Ancient Near East: Essays in Honor of William Foxwell Albright, 73 ff. London, 1961.Google Scholar
Yadin, Y., Aharoni, Y., Amiran, R. and others. Hazor: The James A. Rothschild Expedition at Hazor. 4 vols. Jerusalem, 1958–65.Google Scholar
Yadin, Y. The Art of Warfare in Biblical Lands in the Light of Archaeological Discovery. London, 1963.Google Scholar
Yadin, Y.Hyksos Fortifications and the Battering Ram.’ In Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 137 (1955). ff.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Yeivin, S.A New Source for the History of Palestine and Syria.’ In Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society 14 (1934).Google Scholar
Yeivin, S.The Third District in Tuthmosis III's List of Palestino-Syrian Towns.’ In Journal of Egyptian Archaeology 36 (1950).Google Scholar
Yeivin, Sh.Amenophis II's Asiatic Campaigns.’ In Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt 6 (1967).CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Zeuner, F. A History of Domesticated Animals. London, 1963.Google Scholar

Save book to Kindle

To save this book to your Kindle, first ensure [email protected] is added to your Approved Personal Document E-mail List under your Personal Document Settings on the Manage Your Content and Devices page of your Amazon account. Then enter the ‘name’ part of your Kindle email address below. Find out more about saving to your Kindle.

Note you can select to save to either the @free.kindle.com or @kindle.com variations. ‘@free.kindle.com’ emails are free but can only be saved to your device when it is connected to wi-fi. ‘@kindle.com’ emails can be delivered even when you are not connected to wi-fi, but note that service fees apply.

Find out more about the Kindle Personal Document Service.

Available formats
×

Save book to Dropbox

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Dropbox.

Available formats
×

Save book to Google Drive

To save content items to your account, please confirm that you agree to abide by our usage policies. If this is the first time you use this feature, you will be asked to authorise Cambridge Core to connect with your account. Find out more about saving content to Google Drive.

Available formats
×