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2 results

  • 25 - Extra-Solar Planets

  • from Part III - Interstellar Medium and Formation of Stars and Planets
  • Stan Owocki, University of Delaware
  • Book:
    Fundamentals of Astrophysics
    Published online:
    08 October 2021
    Print publication:
    03 June 2021, pp 182-190

  • Summary

    Exoplanets are planets orbiting stars other than our sun. While some have now been detected (or confirmed) by direct imaging, most exoplanet detections have been made via two other more-indirect techniques, known as the radial-velocity and transit methods. These methods have analogs in the study of stellar binary systems, as outlined in Chapter 10. We explore the population of known exoplanets and how we must compensate for observational biases inherent in each of these techniques.

  • Transforming Gas Giant Planets into Smaller Objects Through Tidal Disruption

  • Shang-Fei Liu, James Guillochon, Douglas N. C. Lin, Enrico Ramirez-Ruiz
  • Journal:
    Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union / Volume 8 / Issue S293 / August 2012
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    29 April 2014, pp. 356-361
    Print publication:
    August 2012
    • Article
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  • Recent observations have revealed several Jupiter-mass planets with highly eccentric and / or misaligned orbits, which clearly suggests that dynamical processes operated in these systems. These dynamical processes may result in close encounters between Jupiter-like planets and their host stars. Using three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations, we find that planets with cores are more likely to be retained by their host stars in contrast with previous studies which suggested that coreless planets are often ejected. We propose that after a long term evolution some gas giant planets could be transformed into super-Earths or Neptune-like planets, which is supported by our adiabatic evolution models. Finally, we analyze the orbits and structure of known planets and Kepler candidates and find that our model is capable of producing some of the shortest-period objects.