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1 results

  • 10 - Sex, Gender, and Intelligence

  • from Section 3 - Cognitive and Social Factors
  • Edited by Fanny M. Cheung, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Diane F. Halpern, Claremont McKenna College, California
  • Book:
    The Cambridge Handbook of the International Psychology of Women
    Published online:
    20 July 2020
    Print publication:
    06 August 2020, pp 139-152

  • Summary

    We conclude that there are no overall (average) differences between women and men in general intelligence, but there are some large and persistent differences on cognitive abilities that on average favor males (e.g. mathematics, mental rotation, mechanical) or favor females (verbal ability, most tests of memory). There are more males in the low end of the intelligence distribution, at least in part, for sex-related genetic reasons. There is no genetic evidence for more males in the high end of the intelligence distribution. Paradoxically, societies with greater gender equality do not show reduced differences on many cognitive measures. Our conclusions are about group differences. Thus, these mean differences have no clinical or social significance at the individual level.