Stimulation of the nipple is known to release oxytocin from the pituitary gland, which in turn causes uterine contractions during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. In this chapter we present nipple stimulation as a method of induction of labor and as one of the available measures to deal with postpartum bleeding. We also include the available internet-based information on nipple stimulation in pregnancy.

The relationship between sexual intercourse and its role in onset of spontaneous labor has been questioned for decades. Intercourse for the induction of labor is regarded by many as a “natural” method for initiating labor. Possible physiological explanations for this include prostaglandin action of sperm, oxytocin production via breast/nipple stimulation, and direct mechanical effect of sex on uterine contractions. This chapter reviews the most current literature on these theories and whether increasing the frequency of sexual intercourse hastens the onset of spontaneous labor. Limitations of the recent literature and internet/social media sources are also highlighted in detail. Other alternative and popularized “natural” methods of inducing labor, such as physical activity, acupuncture, and herbal remedies, are also analyzed. Ultimately, most robust studies reveal there is no evidence to suggest that sex at term has an effect on spontaneous onset of labor or adverse outcomes of pregnancy. Simultaneously, there are no known harmful consequences in engaging in sexual activity for those patients with low-risk pregnancies.