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2 results

  • Assessing the content validity of the revised Health of the Nation Outcome Scales 65+: the HoNOS Older Adults

  • Meredith G. Harris, Caley Tapp, Urska Arnautovska, Tim Coombs, Rosemary Dickson, Mark Smith, Angela Jury, Jennifer Lai, Mick James, Jon Painter, Philip M. Burgess
  • Journal:
    BJPsych Bulletin / Volume 47 / Issue 4 / August 2023
    Published online by Cambridge University Press:
    02 August 2022, pp. 195-202
    Print publication:
    August 2023
    • Article
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      • Open access
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  • Aims and method

    Recently, the Health of the Nation Outcome Scales 65+ (HoNOS65+) were revised. Twenty-five experts from Australia and New Zealand completed an anonymous web-based survey about the content validity of the revised measure, the HoNOS Older Adults (HoNOS OA).

    Results

    All 12 HoNOS OA scales were rated by most (≥75%) experts as ‘important’ or ‘very important’ for determining overall clinical severity among older adults. Ratings of sensitivity to change, comprehensibility and comprehensiveness were more variable, but mostly positive. Experts’ comments provided possible explanations. For example, some experts suggested modifying or expanding the glossary examples for some scales (e.g. those measuring problems with relationships and problems with activities of daily living) to be more older adult-specific.

    Clinical implications

    Experts agreed that the HoNOS OA measures important constructs. Training may need to orient experienced raters to the rationale for some revisions. Further psychometric testing of the HoNOS OA is recommended.

  • 3 - Measuring Group Empathy

  • Cigdem V. Sirin, University of Texas, El Paso, Nicholas A. Valentino, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, José D. Villalobos, University of Texas, El Paso
  • Book:
    Seeing Us in Them
    Published online:
    11 March 2021
    Print publication:
    18 March 2021, pp 40-66

  • Summary

    Chapter 3 introduces an original, multi-item measure of group empathy: the Group Empathy Index (GEI). The GEI modifies the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI), which mainly captures empathy toward close family and friends. The GEI taps empathy for strangers, primarily members of socially distinct groups. The two measures are similar on their face, but they are conceptually and functionally distinct. The chapter also explores the measurement properties of a long and short version of the GEI, employing data from multiple surveys. Both versions of the GEI are reliable and valid indicators of the underlying construct. We also find that the GEI is not reducible to personality dimensions such as authoritarianism or other group-oriented predispositions such as social dominance orientation (SDO), racial resentment, ethnocentrism, linked fate, ideology, and partisanship.