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1 results

  • 6 - Scramble and Contest Competition: What Is the Difference?

  • T. Royama
  • Book:
    Animal Population Ecology
    Published online:
    01 April 2021
    Print publication:
    22 April 2021, pp 120-144

  • Summary

    The idea of the distinction between the two types of competition was first recognized by A.J. Nicholson. Most standard textbooks of ecology refer to his idea. However, as I see it, the distinction has not been adequately understood. I show the nature of competition in terms of the reproduction curves, incorporating the generalized model developed in Chapter 5. A graphical representation of the variation in these curves reveals that the two types of competition form a continuum and no sharp line can be drawn between them. It reveals that each curve (with a particular set of parameter values) is comprised of the two elements, scramble and contest, of competition. I also show that the continuum can be extended further to include elements of sociality (benefits from the formation of group) such that we cannot draw a sharp line between competition and sociality.