This chapter examines the use of ultrasound scanning in the intrapartum assessment of patients in labor and its invaluable utility to guide invasive procedures. It reviews several of these recent advances: cervical length evaluation as a predictor of preterm delivery and for the selection of appropriate induction of labor candidates; the evaluation of uterine bleeding; the monitoring of intrapartum fetal weight, and fetal well-being. Evaluation of fetal amniotic fluid quantity is an essential fetal assessment tool for the obstetrician. Fetal blood sampling is a practice used to gain access to the fetal blood for various indications; classically, obtaining a fetal blood sample can assist in the diagnosis of genetic disorders using a technique of rapid karyotyping, as well as to diagnose fetal infection and determine fetal blood type. Ultrasonography has proved to be helpful in the diagnosis of failed placental separation, allowing for expeditious surgical management prior to severe hemorrhage.