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1 results

  • Chapter 24 - Plantar Fasciitis

  • from Part V - Extremities
  • Edited by Omar Viswanath, Creighton University, Omaha, Ivan Urits, Southcoast Brain & Spine Center, Wareham
  • Book:
    Cambridge Handbook of Pain Medicine
    Published online:
    01 December 2023
    Print publication:
    14 December 2023, pp 194-204

  • Summary

    Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a common cause of chronic foot and heel pain in active and sedentary adults. It is present in approximately 0.85% of the population and is more common in the obese, women, and those aged 45?64 years. Point tenderness at the inferior calcaneus, radiation of pain to plantar fascia on dorsiflexion of ankle and extension of toes, and thickening of the plantar fascia on imaging are strong diagnostic indications of PF. Most cases of PF can be managed with conservative therapy, including weight loss, stretching, and foot strengthening, and NSAIDs LCI, PRP, and botulinum toxin-A injections at the plantar fascia are all effective in relief of symptoms and return of functionality in the foot. Treatments such as radiofrequency ablation of local nerves and ESWT are even superior to local injections and are effective in many patients refractory to all other treatment.