The activity concentration of 137Cs, 131I, 65Zn, 60Co, 58Co, 54Mn, and 40K were determined in samples of brown seaweed (Fucus) and some other marine plants using low background high-resolution gamma-spectrometry. The algae were mainly sampled in the bay just north of the Barsebäck NPP (55.4 N, 12.6 E) in the south of Sweden to study the contamination levels in the nearest shallow waters. One aim of the study was to investigate whether the levels were high enough to expect environmental effects. Some samples were also taken at longer distances up to 130 km from the Barsebäck NPP. Measurable levels of the neutron activation products 65Zn (up to 17 Bq/kg dw), 60Co (100–600 Bq/kg dw), 58Co (1–160 Bq/kg dw) and 54Mn (12–90 Bq/kg dw) were found in the algae samples within a distance of 5 km from the plant. The decrease in activity concentration with distance from the plant could be described by a power function with an exponent ranging from 1.4 to 2.4.This was in fair agreement with the value for a true two-dimensional dispersion model. The present-day concentrations were found to be considerably lower than in earlier studies made in the late 1970s, especially for 65Zn and 58Co. The activity concentration of gamma emitting radionuclides in Fucus vesiculosus from the bay just north of Barsebäck in the period 2002-2003 was dominated by (in order of decreasing concentration): natural 40K, 60Co from the plant, 137Cs mainly from the Chernobyl debris, 54Mn and 58Co from the plant. It is not likely that any effects from the very marginal absorbed dose contribution from the Barsebäck NPP releases can be found even in the nearest environment. The study has also shown that the eelgrass Zostera marina may be a bioindicator to use in further studies of the radiation environment in shallow water, especially for 60Co and 54Mn.

Sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) radiation (UV-A, λ = 315-400 nm; plus UV-B, λ = 280-315 nm) of zygotes of the brown alga Fucus serratus L. (Phaeophyta) has been assessed through effects on growth of developing germlings. Different stages of development were distinguished by considering 5 h periods of time after fertilisation. Both the stage of the zygote and the UV radiation condition significantly affected growth of developing germlings. The negative response of growth rate of early stages of the zygotes to UV radiation seemed to be caused by UV-B rather than UV-A radiation, as the lowest relative growth rates were always estimated for germlings developed from zygotes irradiated with UV-B radiation. As regards the stage of the zygote, those germlings that developed from zygotes irradiated at 5-10 h after fertilisation showed the strongest inhibition of growth compared with the other stages. These results point to polarisation as the most UV-sensitive process during the first 24 h of the development of the zygote. A non-linear relationship between the developmental stage of the zygote and the sensitivity to UV radiation is suggested.

L'étude de la distribution spatiale et de l'évolution temporelle des isotopes du plutonium (238Pu, $^{239{-}240}$Pu) chez des espèces indicatrices (Fucus serratus, Patella sp., Mytilus edulis) a été réalisée le long des côtes de la Manche. Plusieurs époques ont été considérées, 1982-1983, 1990-1993 et 1996. Les concentrations des différents isotopes sont inférieures à 1 Bq kg-1 sec pour les années les plus récentes. Une diminution de ces concentrations depuis plusieurs années est observée et elle est associée à la diminution desquantités de plutonium rejetées par l'usine de la Hague. Des gradients de distribution des isotopes le long des côtes apparaissent pour les fucus. La différence entre les rapports isotopiques des espèces et des rejets conduit à discuter des diverses sources de radioactivité influençant les niveaux de plutonium. Enfin, les facteurs de concentration sont définis.