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Summary

Children and adolescents presenting with common and rare gynaecological conditions are described in this chapter. Communication needs to be sensitive and appropriate for age and development to retrieve as much information as possible.

Puberty heralds the development of secondary sexual characteristics, gonadal maturation, and start of reproductive capacity. Pubertal disorders can be divided into precocious and delayed puberty. Menarche is an important marker of puberty and menstruation should be seen as a vital sign. Oligomenorrhoea is pathological over time and most girls with oligomenorrhoea develop polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Sex development in the human is the result of a complex interaction involving production and response to sex hormones which is regulated by genetic and environmental factors. Disorders of sex development occur when an individual’s sex development takes a different path.

As medical professionals, we outline the science underlying disorders or differences of sexual development (DSD), discuss the nuances of sex and gender and how terminology can differ based on medical vs. non-medical context, briefly review the evidence of the ergogenic effects of hyperandrogenism, and discuss the medical complications with the hormonal contraceptive use currently dictated by World Athletics to allow DSD athletes to compete in the female category.

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Chapter 6 - Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology

Summary

“Damned If You Do, Doomed If You Don’t”: A Socio-Medical Commentary on “Of Athletes, Bodies and Rules: Making Sense of Caster Semenya”

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Chapter 6 - Paediatric and Adolescent Gynaecology

Summary

“Damned If You Do, Doomed If You Don’t”: A Socio-Medical Commentary on “Of Athletes, Bodies and Rules: Making Sense of Caster Semenya”