Inhabited Macrotermes (Termitidae: Macrotermitinae) mounds in cultivated farms in the humid forest agroecological zones of southwestern Nigeria showed higher clay and silt but lower sand contents than their surrounding soils. These physical characteristics were positively correlated with those of the surrounding soils. The heights and diameters of the mounds were also positively correlated to the level of clay and silt in the surrounding soils, although the correlations were not significant (P > 0.05). Carbon and nitrogen content of 67% of the mounds was lower than that of their surrounding soils. A general increase in exchangeable bases and phosphorous contents of the mound materials compared to those of the surrounding soils was also observed. The pH of mound materials varied between 5.5 and 7.3, with 75% of the mounds having lower pH values than the surrounding soils. The implication of these results on the possible use of mound materials to increase soil fertility is discussed.
