This chapter describes the link between depression and physical disability. This link is a process whereby depressive symptoms and physical dysfunctions interact to cause a progressive downward spiral in health status. Many cross-sectional studies conducted among older and younger samples and in community-dwelling, clinical and institutionalised samples have demonstrated that physical disability is associated with increased depressive symptoms. Several prospective studies have found that physical disability is a risk factor for the development of depression. Several longitudinal studies have found evidence for a detrimental effect of depression on physical disability over time. Certain behavioural risk profiles in depressed people may explain their higher risk for adverse health consequences. Increased smoking and alcohol consumption are well-documented in depression. Depressed people differ from their non-depressed peers in various psychosocial factors. The majority of intervention studies conducted in the area of depression involve pharmacotherapy in order to examine effects on depressed mood.