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acute mesenteric ischaemia

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3.5.3 - Peritonitis and the Acute Abdomen
from Section 3.5 - Acute Gastrointestinal Failure
- By Shona Johnson, Liza Keating
Edited by Ned Gilbert-Kawai, The Royal Liverpool Hospital, Debashish Dutta, Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Harlow, Carl Waldmann, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading
Book:

Intensive Care Medicine

Published online:

27 July 2023

Print publication:

01 December 2021, pp 211-213
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Summary

Key Learning Points
1. The acute abdomen requires prompt diagnosis and management to improve patient outcomes.
2. In the critically ill adult, causes of an acute abdomen can be broadly divided into mechanical, inflammatory and vascular.
3. Peritonitis is due to infection in most cases. It may be generalised or localised, and is further divided into primary, secondary and tertiary infection.
4. Acute mesenteric ischaemia is an uncommon vascular cause of the acute abdomen but is associated with high mortality.
5. Radiological findings are useful, although the diagnosis is mainly clinical.